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Exploring the potential of magnesium oxychloride, an amorphous magnesium phosphate, and newberyite as possible bone cement candidates.

ABSTRACT: Magnesium phosphate-based bone cements, particularly struvite (MgNH₄PO₄∙6H₂O)-forming cements, have attracted increased scientific interest in recent years because they exhibit similar biocompatibility to hydroxyapatite while degrading much more rapidly in vivo. However, other magnesium-based minerals which might be promising are, to date, little studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated three magnesium-based bone cements: a magnesium oxychloride cement (Mg₃(OH)₅Cl∙4H₂O), an amorphous magnesium phosphate cement based on Mg₃(PO₄)₂, MgO, and NaH₂PO₄, and a newberyite cement (MgHPO₄·3H₂O). Because it is not sufficiently clear from the literature to what extent these cements are suitable for clinical use, all of them were characterized and optimized regarding setting time, setting temperature, compressive strength and passive degradation in phosphate-buffered saline. Because the in vitro properties of the newberyite cement were most promising, it was orthotopically implanted into a partially weight-bearing tibial bone defect in sheep. The cement exhibited excellent biocompatibility and degraded more rapidly compared to a hydroxyapatite reference cement; after 4 months, 18% of the cement was degraded. We conclude that the newberyite cement was the most promising candidate of the investigated cements and has clear advantages over calcium phosphate cements, especially in terms of setting time and degradation behavior.

SUBMITTER: Kaiser F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10494481 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exploring the potential of magnesium oxychloride, an amorphous magnesium phosphate, and newberyite as possible bone cement candidates.

Kaiser Friederike F Schröter Lena L Wohlfahrt Philipp P Geroneit Isabel I Murek Jérôme J Stahlhut Philipp P Weichhold Jan J Ignatius Anita A Gbureck Uwe U

Journal of biomaterials applications 20230801 3

Magnesium phosphate-based bone cements, particularly struvite (MgNH4PO4∙6H2O)-forming cements, have attracted increased scientific interest in recent years because they exhibit similar biocompatibility to hydroxyapatite while degrading much more rapidly in vivo. However, other magnesium-based minerals which might be promising are, to date, little studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated three magnesium-based bone cements: a magnesium oxychloride cement ...[more]

PMID: 37525613

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Project description:There is a continuing need for artificial bone substitutes for bone repair and reconstruction, Magnesium phosphate bone cement (MPC) has exceptional degradable properties and exhibits promising biocompatibility. However, its mechanical strength needs improved and its low osteo-inductive potential limits its therapeutic application in bone regeneration. We functionally modified MPC by using a polymeric carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate (CMCS/SA) gel network. This had the advantages of: improved compressive strength, ease of handling, and an optimized interface for bioactive bone in-growth. The new composites with 2% CMCS/SA showed the most favorable physicochemical properties, including mechanical strength, wash-out resistance, setting time, injectable time and heat release. Biologically, the composite promoted the attachment and proliferation of osteoblast cells. It was also found to induce osteogenic differentiation in vitro, as verified by expression of osteogenic markers. In terms of molecular mechanisms, data showed that new bone cement activated the Wnt pathway through inhibition of the phosphorylation of β-catenin, which is dependent on focal adhesion kinase. Through micro-computed tomography and histological analysis, we found that the MPC-CMCS/SA scaffolds, compared with MPC alone, showed increased bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model. Overall, our study suggested that the novel composite had potential to help repair critical bone defects in clinical practice. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • CMCS/SA improves the mechanical strength of MPC while minimizing tissue damage.• The MPC-CMCS/SA composite is easily manipulable for clinical application.• MPC-CMCS/SA has good biocompatibility, and is easier for cell adhesion and proliferation.• The MPC-CMCS/SA composite enhances osteogenic differentiation in vitro through the integrin-FAK-Wnt axis.• The MPC-CMCS/SA composite enhances critical bone defect repair in vivo.

Dataset Information

Exploring the potential of magnesium oxychloride, an amorphous magnesium phosphate, and newberyite as possible bone cement candidates.

Publications

Exploring the potential of magnesium oxychloride, an amorphous magnesium phosphate, and newberyite as possible bone cement candidates.

Similar Datasets

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