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Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy.

ABSTRACT: The dynamics of lattice vibrations govern many material processes, such as acoustic wave propagation, displacive phase transitions, and ballistic thermal transport. The maximum velocity of these processes and their effects is determined by the speed of sound, which therefore defines the temporal resolution (picoseconds) needed to resolve these phenomena on their characteristic length scales (nanometers). Here, we present an X-ray microscope capable of imaging acoustic waves with subpicosecond resolution within mm-sized crystals. We directly visualize the generation, propagation, branching, and energy dissipation of longitudinal and transverse acoustic waves in diamond, demonstrating how mechanical energy thermalizes from picosecond to microsecond timescales. Bulk characterization techniques capable of resolving this level of structural detail have previously been available on millisecond time scales-orders of magnitude too slow to capture these fundamental phenomena in solid-state physics and geoscience. As such, the reported results provide broad insights into the interaction of acoustic waves with the structure of materials, and the availability of ultrafast time-resolved dark-field X-ray microscopy opens a vista of new opportunities for 3D imaging of materials dynamics on their intrinsic submicrosecond time scales.

SUBMITTER: Holstad TS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10523471 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy.

Holstad Theodor S TS Dresselhaus-Marais Leora E LE Ræder Trygve Magnus TM Kozioziemski Bernard B Driel Tim van TV Seaberg Matthew M Folsom Eric E Eggert Jon H JH Knudsen Erik Bergbäck EB Nielsen Martin Meedom MM Simons Hugh H Haldrup Kristoffer K Poulsen Henning Friis HF

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20230919 39

The dynamics of lattice vibrations govern many material processes, such as acoustic wave propagation, displacive phase transitions, and ballistic thermal transport. The maximum velocity of these processes and their effects is determined by the speed of sound, which therefore defines the temporal resolution (picoseconds) needed to resolve these phenomena on their characteristic length scales (nanometers). Here, we present an X-ray microscope capable of imaging acoustic waves with subpicosecond re ...[more]

PMID: 37725646

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Dataset Information

Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy.

Publications

Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy.

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