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Iron oxide nanozymes stabilize stannous fluoride for targeted biofilm killing and synergistic oral disease prevention.

ABSTRACT: Dental caries is the most common human disease caused by oral biofilms despite the widespread use of fluoride as the primary anticaries agent. Recently, an FDA-approved iron oxide nanoparticle (ferumoxytol, Fer) has shown to kill and degrade caries-causing biofilms through catalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide. However, Fer cannot interfere with enamel acid demineralization. Here, we show notable synergy when Fer is combined with stannous fluoride (SnF₂), markedly inhibiting both biofilm accumulation and enamel damage more effectively than either alone. Unexpectedly, we discover that the stability of SnF₂ is enhanced when mixed with Fer in aqueous solutions while increasing catalytic activity of Fer without any additives. Notably, Fer in combination with SnF₂ is exceptionally effective in controlling dental caries in vivo, even at four times lower concentrations, without adverse effects on host tissues or oral microbiome. Our results reveal a potent therapeutic synergism using approved agents while providing facile SnF₂ stabilization, to prevent a widespread oral disease with reduced fluoride exposure.

SUBMITTER: Huang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10541875 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Iron oxide nanozymes stabilize stannous fluoride for targeted biofilm killing and synergistic oral disease prevention.

Huang Yue Y Liu Yuan Y Pandey Nil Kanatha NK Shah Shrey S Simon-Soro Aurea A Hsu Jessica C JC Ren Zhi Z Xiang Zhenting Z Kim Dongyeop D Ito Tatsuro T Oh Min Jun MJ Buckley Christine C Alawi Faizan F Li Yong Y Smeets Paul J M PJM Boyer Sarah S Zhao Xingchen X Joester Derk D Zero Domenick T DT Cormode David P DP Koo Hyun H

Nature communications 20230929 1

Dental caries is the most common human disease caused by oral biofilms despite the widespread use of fluoride as the primary anticaries agent. Recently, an FDA-approved iron oxide nanoparticle (ferumoxytol, Fer) has shown to kill and degrade caries-causing biofilms through catalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide. However, Fer cannot interfere with enamel acid demineralization. Here, we show notable synergy when Fer is combined with stannous fluoride (SnF<sub>2</sub>), markedly inhibiting both ...[more]

PMID: 37773239

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Project description:BackgroundPlaque-induced gingivitis can be prevented and treated with regular effective oral hygiene, principally via mechanical cleaning with regular toothbrushing. To complement the mechanical plaque removal, antimicrobial ingredients can be incorporated into dentifrices to inhibit the growth of plaque. This study aimed to evaluate and compare gingivitis and the proportion of subjects moving between gingivitis severity (< 10, > 10 < 30, > 30% bleeding sites), and plaque reduction, following twice daily use of an experimental non-aqueous 0.454% weight/weight (w/w) stannous fluoride (SnF2) dentifrice, compared to a negative control dentifrice over 12 and 24 weeks.MethodThis was a single-center, examiner-blinded, randomized, stratified, two-treatment arm, parallel group, 24-week clinical study in healthy adult volunteers with moderate gingivitis. At baseline, after abstaining from toothbrushing overnight, subjects underwent MGI (modified gingival index), BI (bleeding index) and PI (plaque index) assessments. Eligible subjects, who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, were stratified based on gender and baseline mean MGI score (Low ≤2.00 /High > 2.00) and randomized to treatment. Following randomization, subjects underwent a thorough dental prophylaxis and flossing. After 12 and 24 weeks of twice daily brushing with their allocated treatment, subjects returned to the site (with overnight plaque, having abstained from oral hygiene procedures for 8 h prior to visit) for MGI, BI and PI assessments. Treatment effect was evaluated by comparing the MGI, BI and PI scores.ResultsOne hundred and twenty-nine subjects were screened; 98 subjects were randomized and 90 subjects completed the study. Statistically significant differences between treatments, in favour of the 0.454% stannous fluoride dentifrice were observed, compared to the negative control dentifrice, for all outcome measures (MGI, BI, bleeding sites and PI at weeks 12 and 24 p < 0.0001). At 24 weeks, 71% of subjects in the 0.453% SnF2 treatment group demonstrated < 10% of bleeding sites.ConclusionA dentifrice containing 0.454% w/w SnF2 was shown to be superior to a standard dentifrice in controlling gingivitis and supra-gingival plaque, over a 24-week period. Over two thirds of subjects in the 0.454% SnF2 treatment group demonstrated a level of bleeding sites potentially representative of "clinical periodontal health" (< 10%) following a dental prophylaxis and 24 weeks of product use.Trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, on 11th Oct. 2019 (NCT04123665).

Dataset Information

Iron oxide nanozymes stabilize stannous fluoride for targeted biofilm killing and synergistic oral disease prevention.

Publications

Iron oxide nanozymes stabilize stannous fluoride for targeted biofilm killing and synergistic oral disease prevention.

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