Major distinctions between the two oligopeptide permease systems of Bacillus subtilis with respect to signaling, development and evolutionary divergence.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bareia T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10569065 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Major distinctions between the two oligopeptide permease systems of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> with respect to signaling, development and evolutionary divergence.
Bareia Tasneem T Pollak Shaul S Guler Polina P Puyesky Shani S Eldar Avigdor A
Microbiology (Reading, England) 20230901 9
Similar Datasets
Project description:Bacterial oligopeptide permeases are members of the large family of ATP binding cassette transporters and typically import peptides of 3 to 5 amino acids, apparently independently of sequence. Oligopeptide permeases are needed for bacteria to utilize peptides as nutrient sources and are sometimes involved in signal transduction pathways. The Bacillus subtilis oligopeptide permease stimulates competence development and the initiation of sporulation, at least in part, by importing specific signaling peptides. We isolated rare, partly functional mutations in B. subtilis opp. The mutants were resistant to a toxic tripeptide but still retained the ability to sporulate and/or become competent. The mutations, mostly in the oligopeptide binding protein located on the cell surface, affected residues whose alteration appears to change the specificity of oligopeptide transport.
| S-EPMC219414 | biostudies-literature
Project description:M. tuberculosis strain 1254 wild type (WT) and its isogenic delta Rv3662c-Rv3665c KO (opp KO) and complemented opp::opp were cultured in vitro, in liquid 7H9 media supplemented with OADC and 0.05% Tween 80, 0.5% glycerol, in a 150 mL volume, contained in roller bottles, incubated at 37oC. Growth was monitored as OD600 nm and recorded on a daily basis. In all experiments, the starting OD600 nm was 0.04-0.05. Aliquots were removed at each OD600 nm to make serial dilutions, plate onto 7H10 OADC agar plates for CFU counts. When cells reached OD600 nm of 0.3, 1.0, and 1.5, a 10-30 mL aliquot was taken, centrifuged 3 min at 3000 g, at room temperature, and the supernatant was discarded, with cell pellets being immediately frozen by inclusion into dry ice. Frozen cell pellets were stored at -80oC for later RNA isolation. In all experiments, RNA from WT was labeled with Cy5, and RNA from the opp KO was labeled with Cy3. In all experiments, the microarray comparsion used RNA from cells of the same growth stage, i.e., WT OD 0.3 vs opp KO OD 0.3, WT OD 1.0 vs opp KO OD 1.0, and WT OD 1.5 vs opp KO OD 1.5. When comparing the Complemented opp::opp vs the mutant opp KO, RNA from the later strain was Cy3-labeled. A cell type comparison design experiment design type compares cells of different type for example different cell lines.
2009-10-07 | GSE18426 | GEO
Project description:M. tuberculosis strain 1254 wild type (WT) and its isogenic delta Rv3662c-Rv3665c KO (opp KO) and complemented opp::opp were cultured in vitro, in liquid 7H9 media supplemented with OADC and 0.05% Tween 80, 0.5% glycerol, in a 150 mL volume, contained in roller bottles, incubated at 37oC. Growth was monitored as OD600 nm and recorded on a daily basis. In all experiments, the starting OD600 nm was 0.04-0.05. Aliquots were removed at each OD600 nm to make serial dilutions, plate onto 7H10 OADC agar plates for CFU counts. When cells reached OD600 nm of 0.3, 1.0, and 1.5, a 10-30 mL aliquot was taken, centrifuged 3 min at 3000 g, at room temperature, and the supernatant was discarded, with cell pellets being immediately frozen by inclusion into dry ice. Frozen cell pellets were stored at -80oC for later RNA isolation. In all experiments, RNA from WT was labeled with Cy5, and RNA from the opp KO was labeled with Cy3. In all experiments, the microarray comparsion used RNA from cells of the same growth stage, i.e., WT OD 0.3 vs opp KO OD 0.3, WT OD 1.0 vs opp KO OD 1.0, and WT OD 1.5 vs opp KO OD 1.5. When comparing the Complemented opp::opp vs the mutant opp KO, RNA from the later strain was Cy3-labeled. A cell type comparison design experiment design type compares cells of different type for example different cell lines. cell_type_comparison_design
2009-10-06 | E-GEOD-18426 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Spore formation in Bacillus subtilis is a dramatic response to environmental signals that is controlled in part by a two-component regulatory system composed of a histidine protein kinase (SpoIIJ) and a transcriptional regulator (Spo0A). The spo0K locus plays an important but undefined role in the initiation of sporulation and in the development of genetic competence. spoIIJ spo0K double mutants had a more severe defect in sporulation than either single mutant. Overproduction of the spoIIJ gene product resulted in the suppression of the sporulation defect, but not the competence defect, caused by mutations in the spo0K locus. On the basis of the phenotype of the spoIIJ spo0K double mutant and the effect of overproduction of the spoIIJ gene product, a transposon insertion in the spo0K locus was isolated. The spo0K locus was cloned and sequenced. spo0K proved to be an operon of five genes that is homologous to the oligopeptide permease (opp) operon of Salmonella typhimurium and related to a large family of membrane transport systems. The requirement for the transport system encoded by spo0K in the development of competence was somewhat different than its requirement in the system encoded by spo0K in the development of competence was somewhat different than its requirement in the initiation of sporulation. Disruption of the last open reading frame in the spo0K operon caused a defect in competence but had little or no effect on sporulation. We hypothesize that the transport system encoded by spo0K may have a role in sensing extracellular peptide factors that we have shown are required for efficient sporulation and perhaps in sensing similar factors that may be necessary for genetic competence.
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Project description:PutP and OpuE serve as proline transporters when this imino acid is used by Bacillus subtilis as a nutrient or as an osmostress protectant, respectively. The simultaneous inactivation of the PutP and OpuE systems still allows the utilization of proline as a nutrient. This growth phenotype pointed to the presence of a third proline transport system in B. subtilis. We took advantage of the sensitivity of a putP opuE double mutant to the toxic proline analog 3,4-dehydro-dl-proline (DHP) to identify this additional proline uptake system. DHP-resistant mutants were selected and found to be defective in the use of proline as a nutrient. Whole-genome resequencing of one of these strains provided the lead that the inactivation of the γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) transporter GabP was responsible for these phenotypes. DNA sequencing of the gabP gene in 14 additionally analyzed DHP-resistant strains confirmed this finding. Consistently, each of the DHP-resistant mutants was defective not only in the use of proline as a nutrient but also in the use of GABA as a nitrogen source. The same phenotype resulted from the targeted deletion of the gabP gene in a putP opuE mutant strain. Hence, the GabP carrier not only serves as an uptake system for GABA but also functions as the third proline transporter of B. subtilis. Uptake studies with radiolabeled GABA and proline confirmed this conclusion and provided information on the kinetic parameters of the GabP carrier for both of these substrates.
| S-EPMC3911147 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The oligopeptide permease (Opp) of group A streptococci (GAS) is a membrane-associated protein and belongs to the ATP-binding cassette transporter family. It is encoded by a polycistronic operon containing oppA, oppB, oppC, oppD, and oppF. The biological function of these genes in GAS is poorly understood. In order to understand more about the effects of Opp on GAS virulence factors, an oppA isogenic mutant was constructed by using an integrative plasmid to disrupt the opp operon and confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. No transcript was detected in the oppA isogenic mutant by Northern blot analysis and reverse transcriptase PCR. The growth curve for the oppA isogenic mutant was similar to that for wild-type strain A-20. The oppA isogenic mutant not only decreased the transcription of speB, speX, and rofA but also increased the transcription of speF, sagA (streptolysin S-associated gene A), slo (streptolysin O), pel (pleotrophic effect locus), and dppA (dipeptide permease). No effects on the transcription of emm, sda, speJ, speG, rgg, and csrR were found. The phenotypes of the oppA mutant were restored by the oppA revertant and by the complementation strain. The oppA mutant caused less mortality and tissue damage than the wild-type strain when inoculated into BALB/c mice via an air pouch. Based on these data, we suggest that the opp operon plays an important role in the pathogenesis of GAS infection.
| S-EPMC1087318 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this study, we link pellicle development at the water-air interface with the vertical distribution and viability of the individual B. subtilis PS-216 cells throughout the water column. Real-time interfacial rheology and time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy were combined to correlate mechanical properties with morphological changes (aggregation status, filament formation, pellicle thickness, spore formation) of the growing pellicle. Six key events were identified in B. subtilis pellicle formation that are accompanied by a major change in viscoelastic and morphology behaviour of the pellicle. The results imply that pellicle development is a multifaceted response to a changing environment induced by bacterial growth that causes population redistribution within the model system, reduction of the viable habitat to the water-air interface, cell development, and morphogenesis. The outcome is a build-up of mechanical stress supporting structure that eventually, due to nutrient deprivation, reaches the finite thickness. After prolonged incubation, the formed pellicle collapses, which correlates with the spore releasing process. The pellicle loses the ability to support mechanical stress, which marks the end of the pellicle life cycle and entry of the system into the dormant state.
| S-EPMC9005697 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rhizocticins are phosphono-oligopeptide antibiotics that contain a toxic C-terminal ( Z) -l -2-amino-5-phosphono-3-pentenoic acid (APPA) moiety. APPA is an irreversible inhibitor of threonine synthase (ThrC), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of O-phospho-l-homoserine to l-threonine. ThrCs are essential for the viability of bacteria, plants, and fungi and are a target for antibiotic development, as de novo threonine biosynthetic pathway is not found in humans. Given the ability of APPA to interfere in threonine metabolism, it is unclear how the producing strain B. subtilis ATCC 6633 circumvents APPA toxicity. Notably, in addition to the housekeeping APPA-sensitive ThrC ( BsThrC), B. subtilis encodes a second threonine synthase (RhiB) encoded within the rhizocticin biosynthetic gene cluster. Kinetic and spectroscopic analyses show that PLP-dependent RhiB is an authentic threonine synthase, converting O-phospho-l-homoserine to threonine with a catalytic efficiency comparable to BsThrC. To understand the structural basis of inhibition, we determined the crystal structure of APPA bound to the housekeeping BsThrC, revealing a covalent complex between the inhibitor and PLP. Structure-based sequence analyses reveal structural determinants within the RhiB active site that contribute to rendering this ThrC homologue resistant to APPA. Together, this work establishes the self-resistance mechanism utilized by B. subtilis ATCC 6633 against APPA exemplifying one of many ways by which bacteria can overcome phosphonate toxicity.
| S-EPMC7050208 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila is a mutualist of Steinernema carpocapsae nematodes and a pathogen of insects. Presently, it is not known what nutrients the bacterium uses to thrive in these host environments. In other symbiotic bacteria, oligopeptide permeases have been shown to be important in host interactions, and we therefore sought to determine if oligopeptide uptake is essential for growth or symbiotic functions of X. nematophila in laboratory or host environments. We identified an X. nematophila oligopeptide permease (opp) operon of two sequential oppA genes, predicted to encode oligopeptide-binding proteins, and putative permease-encoding genes oppB, oppC, oppD, and oppF. Peptide-feeding studies indicated that this opp operon encodes a functional oligopeptide permease. We constructed strains with mutations in oppA(1), oppA(2), or oppB and examined the ability of each mutant strain to grow in a peptide-rich laboratory medium and to interact with the two hosts. We found that the opp mutant strains had altered growth phenotypes in the laboratory medium and in hemolymph isolated from larval insects. However, the opp mutant strains were capable of initiating and maintaining both mutualistic and pathogenic host interactions. These data demonstrate that the opp genes allow X. nematophila to utilize peptides as a nutrient source but that this function is not essential for the existence of X. nematophila in either of its host niches. To our knowledge, this study represents the first experimental analysis of the role of oligopeptide transport in mediating a mutualistic invertebrate-bacterium interaction.
| S-EPMC520880 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bacterial cell-cell signalling, or quorum sensing, is characterized by the secretion and groupwide detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. This mechanism allows cells to coordinate their behaviour in a density-dependent manner. A quorum-sensing cell may directly respond to the autoinducers it produces in a cell-autonomous and quorum-independent manner, but the strength of this self-sensing effect and its impact on bacterial physiology are unclear. Here, we explore the existence and impact of self-sensing in the Bacillus subtilis ComQXP and Rap-Phr quorum-sensing systems. By comparing the quorum-sensing response of autoinducer-secreting and non-secreting cells in co-culture, we find that secreting cells consistently show a stronger response than non-secreting cells. Combining genetic and quantitative analyses, we demonstrate this effect to be a direct result of self-sensing and rule out an indirect regulatory effect of the autoinducer production genes on response sensitivity. In addition, self-sensing in the ComQXP system affects persistence to antibiotic treatment. Together, these findings indicate the existence of self-sensing in the two most common designs of quorum-sensing systems of Gram-positive bacteria.
| S-EPMC5739288 | biostudies-literature