Optimization and construct validity of approaches to preclinical grip strength testing.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Owendoff G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10570062 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Optimization and construct validity of approaches to preclinical grip strength testing.
Owendoff Gregory G Ray Alissa A Bobbili Prameela P Clark Leatha L Baumann Cory W CW Clark Brian C BC Arnold W David WD
Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle 20230813 5
Similar Datasets
Project description:Psychology faces a measurement crisis, and mind-wandering research is not immune. The present study explored the construct validity of probed mind-wandering reports (i.e., reports of task-unrelated thought [TUT]) with a combined experimental and individual-differences approach. We examined laboratory data from over 1000 undergraduates at two U.S. institutions, who responded to one of four different thought-probe types across two cognitive tasks. We asked a fundamental measurement question: Do different probe types yield different results, either in terms of average reports (average TUT rates, TUT-report confidence ratings), or in terms of TUT-report associations, such as TUT rate or confidence stability across tasks, or between TUT reports and other consciousness-related constructs (retrospective mind-wandering ratings, executive-control performance, and broad questionnaire trait assessments of distractibility-restlessness and positive-constructive daydreaming)? Our primary analyses compared probes that asked subjects to report on different dimensions of experience: TUT-content probes asked about what they'd been mind-wandering about, TUT-intentionality probes asked about why they were mind-wandering, and TUT-depth probes asked about the extent (on a rating scale) of their mind-wandering. Our secondary analyses compared thought-content probes that did versus didn't offer an option to report performance-evaluative thoughts. Our findings provide some "good news"-that some mind-wandering findings are robust across probing methods-and some "bad news"-that some findings are not robust across methods and that some commonly used probing methods may not tell us what we think they do. Our results lead us to provisionally recommend content-report probes rather than intentionality- or depth-report probes for most mind-wandering research.
| S-EPMC8613094 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the JTECH computerized, wireless apparatus and its validity (compared to established devices) for measurements of maximal shoulder isometric strength and handgrip strength among healthy adults with no shoulder pathology. Methods: Twenty healthy young adults had shoulder strength tested with JTECH and Micro-FET2 hand-held dynamometers, and the handgrip strength was tested using JTECH and Jamar handgrip dynamometers. Assessments were performed by the same rater to determine intra-rater reliability and convergent validity, at least two days apart, while on a third visit, the other rater performed measures to determine inter-rater reliability. Results: The JTECH computerized, wireless devices demonstrated good to excellent intra-rater reliability (ICCs (2,1) = 0.78-0.97) and inter-rater reliability for strength measures (ICCs (2,1) = 0.76-0.95). The JTECH computerized device compared to the Micro-FET2 hand-held dynamometer showed substantial concurrent validity for shoulder flexion (R2 = 0.87), extension (R2 = 0.87), abduction (R2 = 0.88), and adduction (R2 = 0.85). Substantial concurrent validity was shown for the JTECH computerized device and Jamar handgrip dynamometers (R2 = 0.92). Conclusions: The JTECH computerized, wireless devices demonstrated high intra- and inter-rater reliability and substantial concurrent validity for shoulder isometric strength and handgrip strength in healthy adults.
| S-EPMC10211387 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo assess the associations of muscle strength, measure by grip strength and relative grip strength (grip strength divided by body weight), on the allostatic load (AL) index in adolescent boys and girls.MethodsA total of 1,323 students were recruited (boys = 776, girls = 547). Data on general demographic characteristics, anthropometric indicators, grip strength, blood pressure, pulse rate, and biological samples were collected. A 20-indicator-based AL index (using the AL1, AL2, and AL3 calculation methods) was used as the dependent variable. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between grip strength, relative grip strength, and AL. All analyses were stratified by sex.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 14.17 ± 1.45 years. Overall, the linear regression model adjusting for demografic characteristics showed that greater grip strength was associated with higher AL1 scores (R2 = 10.1%, β = 0.096, P < 0.001). Then, we further adjusted for body weight, and negative associations were observed between grip strength and AL1 (R2 = 35.3%, β = -0.027, P = 0.030). However, after sex stratification, this association was not statistically significant in girls. Moreover, relative grip strength was negatively associated with AL1 (R2 = 14.8%, β = -8.529, P < 0.001) after adjusting for demographic characteristics in the total sample. Specifically, relative grip strength was more strongly associated with the AL1 burden in boys than in girls. Finally, sensitivity analyses of AL2 and AL3 yielded similar results.ConclusionWe observed that compared with grip strength, relative grip strength might be a useful indicator for the identification of AL burden in adolescents. The results suggest that strengthening relative handgrip strength in adolescents might help reduce the AL burden, especially in boys.
| S-EPMC11430479 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionHand grip strength (HGS) is an important measure in a physiotherapy assessment and for this purpose it is necessary to have valid and reliable instruments to measure it. In this study we aimed at investigating the reliability, validity, and agreement of the new hand-held dynamometer NOD (OT-Bioelettronica, To-Italy) compared to Jamar® hydraulic dynamometer (JD), the gold standard.MethodsFifty healthy subjects were selected; 9 trials for the dominant hand and 9 trials for the non-dominant hand were administrated to each of them: 3 trials of HGS with the JD in rung #3, 3 trials with the JD-adapted-grip (like the NOD one), and 3 trials with NOD. To verify the reliability of NOD, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC 3,1) was calculated with a mixed effects model with the addition of adjustment variables (age, gender, dominant / non-dominant limb, trials). The model used single HGS measurements to estimate variance components, so reflecting both degree of correspondence and agreement among devices. To assess concurrent validity NOD was compared to the "gold standard" JD, in terms of ICCs and through Pearson correlation. The agreement between the methods of measurement was calculated with the Limits of Agreement (LoA) and the plots of Bland-Altman.ResultsAll ICCs show high inter-reliability; the results are very similar for both dynamometers. The value of the adjusted ICC of NOD was 0.90. For validity, Pearson correlations of NOD towards JD and JD-adapted-grip were high (r = 0.87 and 0.88). However, the LoA and the plots of Bland-Altman demonstrated that there is no agreement between NOD and JD and between NOD and JD-adapted-grip, with NOD showing lower mean scores than JD.ConclusionsNOD is a reliable and valid instrument for HGS. However, even if it cannot be considered interchangeable with JD because there is no agreement between them in free-living adults, NOD is easier to carry than other dynamometers, it has a Bluetooth® connection with a free App and it is a multi-purpose tool that should be considered both in daily practice and in clinical settings.
| S-EPMC11694367 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were to (1) investigate aspects of construct validity of peak force measurements of crate-and-pitcher tasks using the Task-oriented Arm-hAnd Capacity (TAAC), an instrument designed to measure task-oriented arm and hand strength for cross-sectional and evaluation purposes, and (2) compare TAAC measurements with those of comparative measures using COSMIN guidelines.MethodsIn this cross-sectional validity study, participants were 105 children (mean age = 12 years 10 months; number of boys = 66) diagnosed with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP). Ten a priori hypotheses were formulated with peak force of the TAAC as index measure and compared with measures on body functions and structure and activity level of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth. Strength and direction of the relationship between the TAAC and comparative measures were investigated by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients (r).ResultsOn body functions and structures level, low-to-moderate positive correlations (0.493-0.687) were found. On activity level, low negative and positive correlations (-0.271 to 0.387) were found.ConclusionThe construct of peak force measurement of the TAAC is in line with the a priori hypotheses with comparators on body function and structures and activity level, indicating a partial overlap of the construct of the TAAC with both International Classification of Functioning levels. The TAAC appears to be valuable, as it measures functional strength that differs from the constructs of the comparators. More research with a larger population and more comparators is needed.ImpactClinically relevant information is lacking about the use of strength and strength measurement during daily activities in children with UCP. This study shows that the TAAC provides unique information about functional strength in children with UCP.
| S-EPMC7720643 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe aim of this study is to examine the age-related changes in the toe grip strength and its differences from hand grip strength and knee extension strength using cross-sectional data.MethodsOf participants aged 65 years over who underwent health checkups for lifestyle-related diseases in 2018, 307 men and women met the criteria. Toe grip strength, hand grip strength, and knee extension strength were also measured as optional tests. The participants were divided into five groups categorized by every 5 years of age (Group 65-85). The data were analyzed with multiple comparisons using the linear mixed multilevel model to examine the following categories: association between age and muscle strength, differences in the pattern of change, and gender, using the 65-69 years group as a reference.ResultsIn men, there were interaction effects between the factors of age and muscle, but in women there were not. Toe grip strength was significantly lower in Group 70, 75, 80, and 85 in men, lower in Group 85 than in 65 in women. Hand grip strength was significantly lower in Group 85 than in 65 in both men and women. There was no significant difference in knee extension strength among the age groups for both men and women.ConclusionsThe decline in toe grip strength may occur earlier and in a different pattern from hand grip strength and knee extension strength in men.
| S-EPMC9594870 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionWe developed Eforto®, an innovative system for (self-)monitoring of grip strength (GS) and muscle fatigability (Fatigue Resistance (FR = time until GS decreased to 50% of maximum during sustained contraction) and grip work (GW = area under the strength-time curve)). The Eforto® system consists of a rubber bulb that is wirelessly connected to a smartphone-based application, and a telemonitoring platform. The aim was to evaluate the validity and reliability of Eforto® to measure muscle fatigability.MethodsCommunity-dwelling older persons (n = 61), geriatric inpatients (n = 26) and hip fracture patients (n = 25) were evaluated for GS and muscle fatigability. In community dwellers fatigability was tested twice in the clinic (once with Eforto®, once with Martin Vigorimeter (MV), standard analog handgrip system) and for six consecutive days as a self-assessment at home with Eforto®. In hospitalized participants, fatigability was tested twice using Eforto®, once by a researcher and once by a health professional.ResultsCriterion validity was supported by good to excellent correlations between Eforto® and MV for GS (r = 0.95) and muscle fatigability (FR r = 0.81 and GW r = 0.73), and no significant differences in measurements between both systems. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability for GW were moderate to excellent (intra-class correlation: 0.59-0.94). The standard error of measurement for GW was small for geriatric inpatients and hip fracture patients (224.5 and 386.5 kPa*s) and higher for community-dwellers (661.5 kPa*s).Discussion/conclusionWe established the criterion validity and reliability of Eforto® in older community-dwelling persons and hospitalized patients, supporting the implementation of Eforto® for (self-)monitoring of muscle fatigability.
| S-EPMC10115702 | biostudies-literature
Project description:For accurate mitosis, all chromosomes must achieve "biorientation," with replicated sister chromatids coupled via kinetochores to the plus ends of opposing microtubules. However, kinetochores first bind the sides of microtubules and subsequently find plus ends through a trial-and-error process; accurate biorientation depends on the selective release of erroneous attachments. Proposed mechanisms for error-correction have focused mainly on plus-end attachments. Whether erroneous side attachments are distinguished from correct side attachments is unknown. Here, we show that side-attached kinetochores are very sensitive to microtubule polarity, gripping sixfold more strongly when pulled toward plus versus minus ends. This directionally asymmetric grip is conserved in human and yeast subcomplexes, and it correlates with changes in the axial arrangement of subcomplexes within the kinetochore, suggesting that internal architecture dictates attachment strength. We propose that the kinetochore's directional grip promotes accuracy during early mitosis by stabilizing correct attachments even before both sisters have found plus ends.
| S-EPMC11533501 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe reliability of clinical tests for the cervical spine has not been adequately evaluated. Six cervical clinical tests, which are low cost and easy to perform in clinical settings, were tested for intra- and inter-examiner reliability, and two performance tests were assessed for test-retest reliability in people with and without chronic neck pain. Moreover, construct and between-group discriminative validity of the tests were examined.MethodsTwenty-one participants with chronic neck pain and 21 asymptomatic participants were included. Intra- and inter-reliability were evaluated for the Cranio-Cervical Flexion Test (CCFT), Range of Movement (ROM), Joint Position Error (JPE), Gaze Stability (GS), Smooth Pursuit Neck Torsion Test (SPNTT), and neuromuscular control of the Deep Cervical Extensors (DCE). Test-retest reliability was assessed for Postural Control (SWAY) and Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) over tibialis anterior, infraspinatus and the C3-C4 segment.ResultsIntraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for intra- and inter-examiner reliability was highest for ROM (range: 0.80 to 0.94), DCE (0.75 to 0.90) and CCFT (0.63 to 0.86). JPE had the lowest ICC (0.02 to 0.66). Intra- and inter-reliability for GS and SPNTT showed kappa ranging from 0.66 to 0.92, and 0.57 to 0.78 (prevalence adjusted), respectively. For the test-retest study, ICC was 0.83 to 0.89 for PPT and 0.39 to 0.79 for SWAY. Construct validity was satisfactory for all tests, except JPE. Significant between group discriminative validity was found for CCFT, ROM, GS, SPNTT and PPT, however, differences were within the limits of the minimal detectable change.ConclusionsThe majority of the tests evaluated showed satisfactory reliability and construct validity supporting their use in the clinical evaluation of patients with chronic neck pain.
| S-EPMC4325947 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Grip strength is seen as an objective indicator of morbidity and disability. However, empirical knowledge about trends in grip strength remains incomplete. As trends can occur due to effects of aging, time periods and birth cohorts, we used hierarchical age-period-cohort models to estimate and disentangle putative changes in grip strength. To do this, we used population-based data of older adults, aged 50 years and older, from Germany, Sweden, and Spain from the SHARE study (N = 22500) that encompassed multiple waves of first-time respondents. We found that there were contrasting changes for different age groups: Grip strength improved over time periods for the oldest old, whereas it stagnated or even decreased in younger older adults. Importantly, we found strong birth cohort effects on grip strength: In German older adults, birth cohorts in the wake of the Second World War exhibited increasingly reduced grip strength, and in Spanish older adults, the last birth cohort born after 1960 experienced a sharp drop in grip strength. Therefore, while grip strength increased in the oldest old aged 80 years and older, grip strength stagnated or decreased in comparatively younger cohorts, who might thus be at risk to experience more morbidity and disability in the future than previous generations. Future studies should investigate factors that contribute to this trend, the robustness of the observed birth cohort effects, and the generalizability of our results to other indicators of functional health.
| S-EPMC6700453 | biostudies-literature