Dataset Information

Prevalence and risk factors of elder abuse in survivors of stroke: A cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

The understanding of the prevalence and risk factors associated with elder abuse in stroke survivors is currently lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study is to ascertain the prevalence and potential risk factors of elder abuse in stroke survivors, while also examining its correlation with insomnia.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 485 stroke survivors aged 65 years and older, who received treatment at the Emergency department of Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, were subjected to face-to-face interviews using the questionnaire on elder abuse from the Third Survey on Chinese Women's Social Status. A logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the association between risk factors and elder abuse among stroke survivors.

Results

62.27% of the participants reported experiencing elder abuse, with 14.85% of them indicating suffering from more than two subtypes of abuse. Factors such as residing in nursing homes, lower income, and smoking were found to increase the likelihood of experiencing elder abuse and all four subtypes of abuse. Additionally, advancing age was associated with a higher risk of experiencing all four subtypes of abuse, although it did not affect the occurrence of overall abuse. It is worth noting that the self-reported prevalence of the four types of abuse by the elderly themselves was higher compared to the reports provided by caregivers.

Conclusion

Elder abuse is prevalent among stroke survivors, especially those who are residing in nursing homes, with lower income, and smokers. Elder abuse significantly increased the prevalence of insomnia in stroke survivors. Further research is needed to better explore effective measures to reduce the prevalence of elder abuse of stroke survivors.

SUBMITTER: Zhang G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10571011 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prevalence and risk factors of elder abuse in survivors of stroke: A cross-sectional study.

Zhang Guifen G Chen Minyuan M Xiao Peiyi P Peng Zhibo Z

Health science reports 20231013 10

<h4>Background and aims</h4>The understanding of the prevalence and risk factors associated with elder abuse in stroke survivors is currently lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study is to ascertain the prevalence and potential risk factors of elder abuse in stroke survivors, while also examining its correlation with insomnia.<h4>Methods</h4>In this cross-sectional study, a total of 485 stroke survivors aged 65 years and older, who received treatment at the Emergency department of Shunde ...[more]

PMID: 37841946

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Project description:BackgroundPost-stroke fatigue (PSF) is a common complication experienced by stroke survivors. These individuals often confront psychological challenges such as depression and anxiety, along with significant obstacles like reduced quality of life (QoL) and limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs). Such challenges can profoundly affect their overall recovery and well-being. Despite its prevalence, the associated factors contributing to PSF remain poorly understood. This study aims to primarily investigate these associated factors, while also examining the interrelationships among PSF, depression level, QoL, and ADLs, highlighting the need for a better understanding of these complex interactions.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 271 stroke survivors and was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China, from September 2023 to January 2024. Participants independently completed the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Short Version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SV-SS-QoL) as part of a convenience sampling method, while medical professionals assessed the Barthel Index (BI) using the same sampling framework. Multivariable linear regression analyses were employed to determine the factors associated with the persistence of PSF.ResultsThe mean FSS score was 35.04 ± 11.60, while the average score for the SV-SS-QoL was 34.28 ± 9.51, and the BI score averaged 77.79 ± 25.90. Approximately 45.8% of participants (n = 124) experienced PSF. The mean score on the PHQ-9 was 7.63 ± 6.13. A significant negative correlation was identified between fatigue and both QoL and ADLs (P < 0.01). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analyses revealed that age, gender, income level, depression level, QoL, and ADLs were associated factors of fatigue severity among stroke survivors, all showing statistically significant differences (P < 0.01).ConclusionThis study emphasizes the critical factors associated with PSF and highlights the necessity of developing targeted interventions, such as depression management, QoL enhancement, and ADLs restoration, to alleviate fatigue in stroke survivors. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of these interventions to optimize rehabilitation outcomes and improve survivors' overall recovery and well-being.

Project description:ObjectivesThis study examines the association between elder abuse and psychological distress among older adults in India and explores whether this association varies by the level of psychosocial and material resources.DesignThe study uses a cross-sectional survey design.SettingThe data are drawn from a representative sample of 9589 adults aged 60 and above in seven Indian states-Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, West Bengal, Odisha, Maharashtra, Kerala and Tamil Nadu-in 2011.Statistical analysesSecondary analysis, using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, is conducted using the United Nations Population Fund project Building Knowledge Base on Ageing in India survey. Elder abuse (physical and/or emotional) emanating from family members in the previous month before the survey is examined. Multivariate models are run on the total analytical sample and for men and women separately.ResultsThe overall prevalence of psychological distress among persons aged 60 and over living in the seven Indian States is 40.6%. Among those older persons who experienced some form of physical or emotional abuse or violence in the last month, the prevalence of psychological distress is much higher than that in the general older population, at 61.6% (p<0.001). The results show that the experience of abuse is negatively associated with the mental health of older adults, and this relationship persists even after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic factors (OR=1.60, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.09). The findings also suggest that household wealth has an inverse relationship with mental health, with the association between experiencing elder abuse and reporting poor mental health being strongest among older people in wealthy households.ConclusionsElder abuse in India is currently a neglected phenomenon, and greater recognition of the link between abuse and mental health is critical to improve the well-being of vulnerable older adults, some of whom may be 'hidden' within well-off households.

Project description:BACKGROUND:To date, most previous studies of frailty among hospitalized elderly Chinese patients have been conducted based on small samples, which cannot represent the elderly patient population. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for frailty among elderly patients in China. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This cross-sectional study surveyed 9996 elderly patients from 6 tertiary-level hospitals in China. The prevalence of frailty among patients from selected wards was surveyed by trained investigators. A mixed-effects Poisson regression model was used to analyse the factors associated with frailty among elderly patients. RESULTS:The mean age of all subjects was 72.47?±?5.77?years. The prevalence rate of frailty in this study was 18.02%. After adjustments were made for the confounding effect of the clustering of hospital wards, a mixed-effects Poisson regression model showed that the associated factors of frailty included the following: age (OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.012-1.020), BMI?<?18.5 (OR: 1.248, 95% CI: 1.171-1.330), female gender (OR: 1.058, 95% CI: 1.004-1.115), ethnic minority (OR: 1.152, 95% CI: 1.073-1.236), admission to hospital by the emergency department (OR: 1.104, 95% CI: 1.030-1.184), transit from another hospital (OR: 1.159, 95% CI: 1.049-1.279), former alcohol use (OR: 1.094, 95% CI: 1.022-1.171), fall history in the past 12?months (OR: 1.257, 95% CI: 1.194-1.323), vision dysfunction (OR: 1.144, 95% CI: 1.080-1.211), cognition impairment (OR: 1.182, 95% CI: 1.130-1.237), sleeping dysfunction (OR: 1.215, 95% CI: 1.215-1.318), urinary dysfunction (OR: 1.175, 95% CI: 1.104-1.251), and defecation dysfunction (OR: 1.286, 95% CI: 1.217-1.358). The results also showed some of the following protective effects: BMI?>?28 (OR: 0.897, 95% CI: 0.856-0.940); higher education level, including middle school (OR: 0.915, 95% CI: 0.857, 0.977) and diploma and above (OR: 0.891, 95% CI: 0.821, 0.966); and current alcohol use (OR: 0.869, 95% CI: 0.815, 0.927). CONCLUSION:We identified a relatively high prevalence of frailty among elderly patients, and there are several associated factors among the population derived from this investigation of a large-scale, multicentre, nationally representative Chinese elderly inpatient population. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800017682, registered 09 August 2018.

Project description:ObjectivesTo characterize assessments of a patient's ability to report elder abuse within the context of an emergency department (ED)-based screen for elder abuse.DesignCross-sectional study in which participants were screened for elder abuse and neglect.SettingAcademic ED in the United States.ParticipantsPatients, aged 65 years and older, presenting to an ED for acute care were assessed by trained research assistants or nurses.MeasurementsAll patients completed the four-item Abbreviated Mental Test 4 (AMT4), then completed a safety interview (using the Emergency Department Senior Abuse Identification tool) designed to detect multiple domains of elder abuse and received a physical examination. Based on the cognitive assessment and safety interview, assessors ranked their confidence in the patient's ability to report abuse as absolutely confident, confident, somewhat confident, or not confident. To assess interrater reliability, two assessors independently rated confidence for a subset of patients.ResultsAssessors suspected elder abuse in 18 of 276 patients (6.5%). Assessors were absolutely confident in the patient's ability to report abuse for 95.7% of patients, confident for 2.5%, somewhat confident for 1.5%, and not confident for 0.3%. Among patients with an AMT4 of 4 (n = 249), assessors were confident or absolutely confident in 100% of patients. Among patients with an AMT4 of less than 4 (n = 27), they were confident or absolutely confident in the patient's ability to report abuse for 81% of patients, including 11 of 12 patients with mild cognitive impairment and 7 of 11 patients with severe cognitive impairment. For patients receiving paired evaluations (n = 131), agreement between assessors regarding patient ability to report abuse was 97% (κ = 0.5).ConclusionsIn this sample of older adults receiving care in an ED, research assistants and nurses felt that the vast majority were able to report elder abuse, including many patients with cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:170-175, 2019.

Project description:Background: Elder abuse is a common phenomenon with important effects on the health and well-being of older adults. There are important gaps in elder abuse measurement, as it is usually reported as the absence or presence of elder abuse, disregarding its severity and frequency. Objectives: Identify different ways of measuring severity and frequency of elder abuse and assess whether different experiences of severity and frequency suggest syndemic relationships. Methods: Through a sample of 534 non-institutionalized Mexican older women, we assessed how severity (i.e., number of abusive experiences and number of types of abuses) and frequency (i.e., if abusive experiences had happened few or many times) correlate among them. For each of these measures we estimated a multinomial model to examine associations with social support, functional impairments, socioeconomic status, food insecurity, depression, and comorbidities, while controlling for key socio-demographic variables. Results: 30.5% of the older women reported psychological abuse, 8.2% financial exploitation, 5.1% caregiver neglect, 3.5% physical abuse, and 1.2% sexual abuse. In terms of frequency, 77.8% of the women self-reported having never been abused or only once in the last 12 months, whereas 13.1% reported abusive experiences repeating few times, and 9.9% repeating many times. In terms of severity, 66.7% of the older women had not been abused, 22.3% had suffered one type of abuse, and 11.1% two or more. Similarly, 15.0% reported one abusive experience, 8.1% two, and 10.3% three or more abusive events during the last 12 months. Severity measures showed similar associations: social support and high socioeconomic level as protective factors among those with less severe abuse, whereas increased depression, food insecurity and functional impairments were associated with more severe experiences of elder abuse. Frequency followed a different pattern, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with those with few experiences (compared to those with none or once), while functional impairments were associated with many experiences of elder abuse. Conclusions: It is relevant to assess elder abuse through its severity and frequency as inter-individual variability and the complexity of the experience shows different determinants suggesting a syndemic approach. This has important clinical and policy implications.

Project description:BackgroundStroke ranks as the second leading cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, headaches are considered the second leading cause of disability, and they often occur as a stroke complication. However, insufficient attention has been given to the treatment and rehabilitation of headaches among stroke patients, and the research on the epidemiology and risk factors of headaches in stroke patients in China is limited. Therefore, in this study, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data were utilized for a cross-sectional analysis to estimate the prevalence of headaches in stroke patients and identify the associated risk factors.MethodThis study utilized data, which included those of participants aged 45 and above from 28 provinces across China, from the nationally representative CHARLS 2018 database. A total of 876 stroke patients and 17,469 nonstroke patients were considered in this work. Stroke diagnosis and headache status were determined based on self-reported questionnaire responses. Cross-sectional analysis determined the prevalence of headaches in patients with strokes and those without through quantification of individuals diagnosed with headaches. Categorical variables were presented as percentages and counts, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) for the risk factors associated with headaches in stroke patients.ResultsIn the 2018 data, 328 individuals with stroke-related headaches were screened and compared with 4,249 individuals without the condition. Overall, a cross-sectional survey revealed that the headache prevalence among stroke patients reached 37.44% (95% confidence interval (CI): 34.23%-40.74%), which was higher than the overall headache prevalence among nonstroke patients 24.32% (95% CI: 23.69%-24.97%). Headaches were considerably more common in women (45.95%; 95% CI: 41.31%-50.58%) than in men (26.70%; 95% CI: 24.44%-32.97%; gender difference, p < 0.001). According to multifactorial logistic regression analysis, the risk factors for stroke-related headaches included being female (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.02-2.07), residency in Central (2.50, 1.37-4.54), Eastern (1.87, 1.07-3.27), and Northwest China (2.49, 1.06-5.84), Very poor self-health (4.06, 1.90-8.68), diabetes (1.85, 1.11-3.07), shoulder pain (4.01, 2.77-5.81), back pain (2.01, 1.32-3.05), and chest pain (2.51, 1.55-4.06).ConclusionEnhancement of self-awareness of health, effective management of diabetes, and minimization of the physical discomfort in the shoulders, back, and chest may contribute to the decreased occurrence of headaches. Therefore, targeted prevention and treatment of headaches are necessary.

Dataset Information

Prevalence and risk factors of elder abuse in survivors of stroke: A cross-sectional study.

Background and aims

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prevalence and risk factors of elder abuse in survivors of stroke: A cross-sectional study.

Similar Datasets

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