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Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Show Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2.

ABSTRACT: (1) Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been recognized as a flavonoid showing antiviral activity against various types of DNA and RNA viruses. In this work, we tested if EGCG-modified silver nanoparticles (EGCG-AgNPs) can become novel microbicides with additional adjuvant properties to treat herpes infections. (2) Methods: The anti-HSV and cytotoxic activities of EGCG-AgNPs were tested in human HaCaT and VK-2-E6/E7 keratinocytes. HSV-1/2 titers and immune responses after treatment with EGCG-AgNPs were tested in murine models of intranasal HSV-1 infection and genital HSV-2 infection. (3) Results: EGCG-AgNPs inhibited attachment and entry of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in human HaCaT and VK-2-E6/E7 keratinocytes much better than EGCG at the same concentration. Infected mice treated intranasally (HSV-1) or intravaginally (HSV-2) with EGCG-AgNPs showed lower virus titers in comparison to treatment with EGCG alone. After EGCG-AgNPs treatment, mucosal tissues showed a significant infiltration in dendritic cells and monocytes in comparison to NaCl-treated group, followed by significantly better infiltration of CD8+ T cells, NK cells and increased expression of IFN-α, IFN-γ, CXCL9 and CXCL10. (4) Conclusions: Our findings show that EGCG-AgNPs can become an effective novel antiviral microbicide with adjuvant properties to be applied upon the mucosal tissues.

SUBMITTER: Krzyzowska M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10611064 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Show Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2.

Krzyzowska Malgorzata M Janicka Martyna M Chodkowski Marcin M Patrycy Magdalena M Obuch-Woszczatyńska Oliwia O Tomaszewska Emilia E Ranoszek-Soliwoda Katarzyna K Celichowski Grzegorz G Grobelny Jaroslaw J

Viruses 20230929 10

(1) Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been recognized as a flavonoid showing antiviral activity against various types of DNA and RNA viruses. In this work, we tested if EGCG-modified silver nanoparticles (EGCG-AgNPs) can become novel microbicides with additional adjuvant properties to treat herpes infections. (2) Methods: The anti-HSV and cytotoxic activities of EGCG-AgNPs were tested in human HaCaT and VK-2-E6/E7 keratinocytes. HSV-1/2 titers and immune responses after treatment w ...[more]

PMID: 37896801

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Project description:BackgroundArtemisia vulgaris L. is often used as a traditional Chinese medicine with the same origin of medicine and food. Its active ingredient in leaves have multiple biological functions such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and insecticidal, anti-tumor, antioxidant and immune regulation, etc. It is confirmed that folium Artemisiae argyi has obvious anti-HBV activity, however, its antiviral activity and mechanism against herpesvirus or other viruses are not clear. Hence, we aimed to screen the crude extracts (Fr.8.3) isolated and extracted from folium A. argyi to explore the anti-herpesvirus activity and mechanism.MethodsThe antiherpes virus activity of Fr.8.3 was mainly characterized by cytopathic effects, real-time PCR detection of viral gene replication and expression levels, western blotting, viral titer determination and plaque reduction experiments. The main components of Fr.8.3 were identified by using LC-MS, and selected protein targets of these components were investigated through molecular docking.ResultsWe collected and isolated a variety of A. vulgaris L. samples from Tangyin County, Henan Province and then screened the A. vulgaris L. leaf extracts for anti-HSV-1 activity. The results of the plaque reduction test showed that the crude extract of A. vulgaris L.-Fr.8.3 had anti-HSV-1 activity, and we further verified the anti-HSV-1 activity of Fr.8.3 at the DNA, RNA and protein levels. Moreover, we found that Fr.8.3 also had a broad spectrum of antiviral activity. Finally, we explored its anti-HSV-1 mechanism, and the results showed that Fr.8.3 exerted an anti-HSV-1 effect by acting directly on the virus itself. Then, the extracts were screened on HSV-1 surface glycoproteins and host cell surface receptors for potential binding ability by molecular docking, which further verified the phenotypic results. LC-MS analysis showed that 1 and 2 were the two main components of the extracts. Docking analysis suggested that compounds from extract 1 might similarly cover the binding domain between the virus and the host cells, thus interfering with virus adhesion to cell receptors, which provides new ideas and insights for clinical drug development for herpes simplex virus type 1.ConclusionWe found that Fr.8.3 has anti-herpesvirus and anti-rotavirus effects. The main 12 components in Fr.8.3 were analyzed by LC-MS, and the protein targets were finally predicted through molecular docking, which showed that alkaloids may play a major role in antiviral activity.

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Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Show Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2.

Publications

Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Show Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2.

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