Dataset Information

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Monkeypox Virus Infections during Global Mpox Outbreak, United States, June-September 2022.

ABSTRACT: Since May 2022, mpox has been identified in 108 countries without endemic disease; most cases have been in gay, bisexual, or other men who have sex with men. To determine number of missed cases, we conducted 2 studies during June-September 2022: a prospective serologic survey detecting orthopoxvirus antibodies among men who have sex with men in San Francisco, California, and a retrospective monkeypox virus PCR testing of swab specimens submitted for other infectious disease testing among all patients across the United States. The serosurvey of 225 participants (median age 34 years) detected 18 (8.0%) who were orthopoxvirus IgG positive and 3 (1.3%) who were also orthopoxvirus IgM positive. The retrospective PCR study of 1,196 patients (median age 30 years; 54.8% male) detected 67 (5.6%) specimens positive for monkeypox virus. There are likely few undiagnosed cases of mpox in regions where sexual healthcare is accessible and patient and clinician awareness about mpox is increased.

SUBMITTER: Minhaj FS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10617324 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence of Undiagnosed Monkeypox Virus Infections during Global Mpox Outbreak, United States, June-September 2022.

Minhaj Faisal S FS Singh Vijay V Cohen Stephanie E SE Townsend Michael B MB Scott Hyman H Szumowski John J Hare C Bradley CB Upadhyay Pallavi P Reddy Jairus J Alexander Barbara B Baird Nicolle N Navarra Terese T Priyamvada Lalita L Wynn Nhien N Carson William C WC Odafe Solomon S Guagliardo Sarah Anne J SAJ Sims Emily E Rao Agam K AK Satheshkumar Panayampalli S PS Weidle Paul J PJ Hutson Christina L CL

Emerging infectious diseases 20231013 11

Since May 2022, mpox has been identified in 108 countries without endemic disease; most cases have been in gay, bisexual, or other men who have sex with men. To determine number of missed cases, we conducted 2 studies during June-September 2022: a prospective serologic survey detecting orthopoxvirus antibodies among men who have sex with men in San Francisco, California, and a retrospective monkeypox virus PCR testing of swab specimens submitted for other infectious disease testing among all pat ...[more]

PMID: 37832516

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Project description:BackgroundDuring the ongoing outbreak of clade II monkeypox virus (MPXV), many U.S. patients were prescribed tecovirimat, an antiviral drug that was made available under an expanded access Investigational New Drug (EA-IND) program. We evaluated EA-IND data to summarize characteristics of treated patients, outcomes, and serious adverse events (SAEs).MethodsWe evaluated data from patients prescribed tecovirimat from May 29, 2022, through July 10, 2023. Baseline patient characteristics, clinical courses, and outcomes were evaluated via intake forms, outcome forms, and patient diaries. Data were summarized in aggregate by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and by comorbidities of special interest. Reported SAEs were also compiled.ResultsTecovirimat was prescribed for over 7100 patients in the United States, most often for lesions in sensitive anatomical areas, such as certain anogenital lesions (83.5%; 5135 out of 6148 patients), and pain (52.5%; 3227 out of 6148 patients). The demographic and clinical characteristics mirrored those of patients worldwide. Among the 7181 patients with returned intake forms, 1626 also had returned outcome forms (22.6%). Many patients with severe immunocompromise (e.g., HIV with CD4 counts <200 cells/μl) received multiple courses of tecovirimat (43.1%; 22 out of 51 patients), including intravenously, and often experienced poor outcomes (35.3%; 18 out of 51 patients). Overall, 223 SAEs and 40 deaths were reported. Most SAEs were among patients who were severely immunocompromised, one of whom experienced hallucinations after tecovirimat was administered at twice the standard dose.ConclusionsTecovirimat was used extensively. The returned EA-IND data suggest that life-threatening or protracted infections occurred in persons who were severely immunocompromised. SAEs were not commonly reported. The EA-IND data are not definitive; controlled clinical trial data are essential to elucidating if and how tecovirimat should be used.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Monkeypox Virus Infections during Global Mpox Outbreak, United States, June-September 2022.

Publications

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Monkeypox Virus Infections during Global Mpox Outbreak, United States, June-September 2022.

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