Undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
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SUBMITTER: Solbana L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10643311 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundHypertension is a major public health problem, resulting in 10 million deaths annually. Undiagnosed hypertension affects more people than ever before. It is more likely to be linked to severe hypertension, which can lead to stroke, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodsDatabases, such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, AJOL, and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched to find potential studies published until December 2022. A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was used to enter the extracted data. The pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors was estimated using a random effect model. I2 statistics and the Cochrane Q-test were used to assess statistical heterogeneity across the studies. Begg's and Egger's tests were performed to identify possible publication bias.ResultsA total of ten articles with 5,782 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. In the random effects model, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 18.26% (95% CI = 14.94-21.58). Being older (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 2.56, 5.66), having a body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.1, 3.53), having a family history of hypertension (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.47, 3.36), and having DM comorbidity (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.38, 4.32) were significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension.ConclusionIn this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was found to be high in Ethiopia. Being older, having a BMI > 25 kg/m2, having a family history of hypertension, and having DM comorbidity were found to be risk factors for undiagnosed hypertension.
| S-EPMC10225092 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Undiagnosed hypertension (UHTN) remains a significant public health concern in Bangladesh, leading to severe complications due to delayed diagnosis and management. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence of UHTN among adults aged 18 years and older, using data from studies conducted in Bangladesh and published between 2010 and 2024. A comprehensive search of major databases yielded 1028 records, from which nine relevant studies, encompassing a total of 28949 participants, were selected and evaluated for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, providing valuable insights into the prevalence of UHTN within the Bangladeshi population. The pooled prevalence of UHTN was 11% (95% CI: 6%-19%) based on a random-effects model, with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 99.5%, p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed higher prevalence in rural areas (13%; 95% CI: 4%-35%) compared to urban areas (12%; 95% CI: 1%-54%) and elevated occupational risk among bankers (17%; 95% CI: 0%-94%). While funnel plot asymmetry was noted, Egger's test (p = 0.3113) indicated no significant publication bias. Sensitivity analyses, including Leave-One-Out Analysis, affirmed the robustness of the pooled estimate. The findings underscore notable geographic, occupational, and sociodemographic disparities in UHTN prevalence, highlighting the need for nationwide screening programs and targeted community awareness campaigns, particularly in underserved rural areas. Further research is imperative to explore causal factors and inform effective prevention and management strategies.
| S-EPMC11883659 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundA number of epidemiological studies were performed to know the prevalence of and the risk factors for hypertension. However, these studies reported inconsistent results. As a result, this systematic review and meta-analysis were planned to generate representative data on the prevalence of and risk factors for hypertension among the Ethiopian adult population.MethodsFive electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Hinari, and African Journals Online, were searched for studies published in English from 1 January 2010 to 31 August 2020. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument and Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used for data extraction and quality assessment for this review. Stata version 14 statistical software was used for the analysis, and due to high heterogeneity a random effects model was used for meta-analysis at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsIn this review, 35 observational studies were included. The pooled prevalence of hypertension in Ethiopia was 20.63% (95% CI [18.70, 22.55]) with the I 2 value of 96.1%. Older age (≥40 years) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.46 [95% CI: 2.67, 4.49]), urban residence (AOR: 1.47 [95% CI: 1.28, 1.70]), educational status less than grade 12 (AOR: 1.67 [95% CI: 1.38, 2.01]), family history of hypertension (AOR: 4.33 [95% CI: 2.95, 6.34]), diabetes mellitus (DM) (AOR: 5.18 [95% CI: 3.01, 8.88]), body mass index (BMI) ≥25 (AOR: 3.79 [95% CI: 2.61, 5.50]), central obesity (AOR: 1.91 [95% CI: 1.09, 3.36]), and alcohol consumption (AOR: 1.72 [95% CI: 1.26, 2.34]) were the identified risk factors for hypertension.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of hypertension is relatively higher as compared to the previous reports in Ethiopia. Older age, urban residence, lower educational coverage, family history of hypertension, DM, BMI ≥25, alcohol consumption, and central obesity were the risk factors for hypertension. The governments and stakeholders should design an appropriate strategy to prevent and control the disease in the Ethiopian population.
| S-EPMC8459032 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHigh blood pressure is an important public health concern and the leading risk factor for global mortality and morbidity. To assess the implications of this condition, we aimed to review the existing literature and study the factors that are significantly associated with hypertension in the Pakistani population.MethodsWe conducted several electronic searches in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, Elsevier, and manually searched the citations of published articles on hypertension from May 2019 to August 2019. We included all studies that examined factors associated with hypertension regardless of the study design. To assess the quality of the research, we used the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. We also conducted meta-analyses using the DerSimonian & Laird random-effects model to collate results from at least three studies.ResultsWe included 30 cross-sectional and 7 case-control studies (99,391 participants country-wide) in this review and found 13 (35.1%) to be high-quality studies. We identified 5 socio-demographic, 3 lifestyle, 3 health-related, and 4 psychological variables that were significantly associated with hypertension. Adults aged between 30-60 years who were married, living in urban areas with high incomes, used tobacco, had a family history of hypertension, and had comorbidities (overweight, obesity, diabetes, anxiety, stress, and anger management issues) were positively associated with hypertension. On the other hand, individuals having high education levels, normal physical activity, and unrestricted salt in their diet were negatively associated with hypertension.ConclusionWe found several socio-demographic, lifestyle, health-related, and psychological factors that were significantly (positively and negatively) associated with hypertension. Our findings may help physicians and public health workers to identify high-risk groups and recommend appropriate prevention strategies. Further research is warranted to investigate these factors rigorously and collate global evidence on the same.
| S-EPMC7845984 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundA higher level of nursing professionalism improves autonomy among nurses, the quality of nursing care, and patient outcomes. However, inconsistent findings on the prevalence of nursing professionalism and associated factors have been reported among studies conducted in Ethiopia, and a meta-analysis of pooled results have not been performed. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the pooled prevalence of higher levels of nursing professionalism and factors associated with it.MethodsPubMed, Science Direct, HINARI, African Journals Online, Google Scholar, and university online institutional repositories in Ethiopia were accessed from 15/10/2024-30/10/2024. The items were assessed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The quality of the included studies was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Cross-sectional studies were included without time period limits. Data extraction was conducted via Microsoft Excel and analyzed with STATA 17. The Galbraith plot, I2 statistic and meta-regression were used to determine heterogeneity. We used a random effects model in the presence of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed via funnel plots and Egger's based regression. We also computed a sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis by sample size and study period.ResultsTwelve primary studies involving 3710 nurses were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of higher levels of nursing professionalism was 43%. Bachelor's degree and above educational status (POR: 1.80, CI: 1.38, 2.33), learning from government colleges (POR: 2.14, CI: 1.34, 3.42), better payment (POR: 1.85, CI: 1.16, 2.98), long years of work experience (POR: 2.15, CI: 1.73, 2.68), positive self-image (POR: 3.85, CI: 2.17, 6.84), job satisfaction (POR: 2.42, CI: 1.49, 3.95) and training opportunities (POR: 2.88, CI: 1.14, 7.32) were factors that determined higher levels of nursing professionalism in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of higher levels of nursing professionalism in Ethiopia was low. Educational status, and attending college, payment, work experience, self-image, job satisfaction, and training were factors that determined the level of professionalism. These factors can be modified to increase the level of nursing professionalism in Ethiopia.
| S-EPMC11770932 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionElectronic health has the potential benefit to the health system by improving health service quality efficiency effectiveness and reducing the cost of care. Having good e-health literacy level is considered essential for improving healthcare delivery and quality of care as well as empowers caregivers and patients to influence control care decisions. Many studies have done on eHealth literacy and its determinants among adults, however, inconsistent findings from those studies were found. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the pooled magnitude of eHealth literacy and to identify associated factors among adults in Ethiopia through systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodSearch of PubMed, Scopus, and web of science, and Google Scholar was conducted to find out relevant articles published from January 2028 to 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale tool was used to assess the quality of included studies. Two reviewers extracted the data independently by using standard extraction formats and exported in to Stata version11 for meta-analysis. The degree of heterogeneity between studies was measured using I2 statistics. The publication bias between studies also checked by using egger test. The pooled magnitude of eHealth literacy was performed using fixed effect model.ResultAfter go through 138 studies, five studies with total participants of 1758 were included in this systematic review and Meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of eHealth literacy in Ethiopia was found 59.39% (95%CI: 47.10-71.68). Perceived usefulness (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.12),educational status(AOR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.11, 4.68), internet access (AOR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.67, 3.30), knowledge on electronic health information sources(AOR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.78, 3.78), electronic health information sources utilization (AOR = 2.55; 95%CI: 1.85, 3.52), gender (AOR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.38, 2.41) were identified significant predictors of e-health literacy.Conclusion and recommendationThis systematic review and meta-analysis found that more than half of study participants were eHealth literate. This finding recommends that creating awareness about importance of eHealth usefulness and capacity building to enhance and encouraging to use electronic sources and availability of internet has para amount to solution to increase eHealth literacy level of study participants.
| S-EPMC9983868 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPerinatal depression is a significant public health issue affecting one in four women globally. It occurs at a critical time of a woman's life; affecting her relationships with family, and child's emotional, behavioral, and cognitive development. Considering the burden of the problem to the whole family, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of perinatal depression and its determinants in Ethiopia to provide up-to-date evidence at a national level.MethodsAll observational studies conducted on perinatal depression in Ethiopia were included based on the selection criteria. Data was extracted using Microsoft Excel and then exported to STATA version-11 for analysis. The random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled effect size of perinatal depression and its determinants with 95% confidence intervals. Funnel plots analysis and Egger regression tests were conducted to check the publication bias. Sub-group and sensitivity analyses were also performed.ResultsThis systematic review and meta-analysis included thirty studies and the pooled prevalence of perinatal depression in Ethiopia was 24.29% (95% CI (21.98, 26.59)). According to the subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of antenatal depression and others (postnatal and perinatal depression) was 24.24% and 24.52% respectively. Regarding determinants of perinatal depression, having unplanned pregnancy [OR = 3.04 (2.2, 4.2)], intimate partner violence [OR = 3.09(2.14, 4.46)], poor social support [OR = 3.3(2.38, 4.57)], and a history of depression [OR = 3.68(2.45, 5.52)] were significantly associated with depression.Conclusion and recommendationThis study showed that the pooled prevalence of perinatal depression in Ethiopia was found to be high. To ensure the mental health of both the mother and child, health professionals should routinely screen perinatal women for depression giving special focus for those with a history of depression and managing them accordingly.
| S-EPMC11577585 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBlood donation is a novel act to save the lives of people who face serious medical and surgical conditions. Since the demand for blood supply is too high, there is a shortage of blood which causes significant morbidity and mortality. To increase blood supply and maintain adequate quantity of blood, regular and volunteer blood donation practice is needed, which meets the increased demand for blood. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at assessing the prevalence of blood donation practices and associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodPubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, African Journals Online (AJOL), and published and unpublished articles from the Ethiopian University repository were searched to find articles. Cochrane I 2 statistics and Egger's test with funnel plots were done to check heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. Subgroup analysis by region, study subjects, study setting, and sample size was done due to heterogeneity, as well as sensitivity analysis.ResultTwenty studies from different regions with a total study subject of 8546 were included in the final review. The pooled prevalence of blood donation practice in Ethiopia was 25.82% (95% CI: 21.45-30.19). Having good knowledge of blood donation (AOR = 2.85; 95% CI: 2.33-3.48) and favorable attitude (AOR = 4.35; 95% CI: 2.93-6.45) were factors associated with blood donation practice in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of blood donation practices in Ethiopia was short of the demand for blood due to the increase in serious medical conditions and road traffic accidents. Knowledge and attitude towards blood donation were significantly associated with blood donation practice. Therefore, awareness creation and health education programs targeting blood donation practice should be strengthened.
| S-EPMC7714580 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveUndernutrition contributes to decreased physical and cognitive functional status, higher healthcare consumption, premature institutionalisation and increased mortality. So, the objective of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence and factors associated with undernutrition among older adults in Ethiopia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis was used. Articles that presented original data on undernutrition using body mass index (BMI) were included. We made an inclusive literature search from PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar. The I2 test was used to examine the heterogeneity of the studies considered in this meta-analysis. Stata software V.14 and METANDI command were used.SettingStudies conducted in Ethiopia were included.ParticipantsEight independent studies were eligible and enrolled for final analysis.OutcomePrevalence and determinants of undernutrition. A selection of publications, data extraction and reported results for the review was designed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsA total of eight unique studies were enrolled for final analysis. The pooled prevalence of undernutrition was 20.53% (95% CI 17.39% to 23.67%). The study revealed that males had lesser odds of being undernutrition with AOR 0.17 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.20). Older adults in the age range of 65-74 years were less likely to be undernourished as compared with those whose age was above 85 years with Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 022 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.25). Older adults who were depressed had higher odds of undernutrition as compared with their counterparts with AOR 1.27 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.37). However, older adults from households with poor wealth indexes were two times more likely to be undernourished as compared with those who were from rich households.ConclusionThe burden of undernutrition in Ethiopia is significant. The limitation of the current study was that all included studies were observational, mainly cross-sectional.
| S-EPMC9884872 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDrug-related problems (DRPs) can occur at any stages of medication use processes, and a single drug could be associated with multiple DRPs. Once happened, it adversely affects health outcomes. In Ethiopia, evaluation of the magnitude and factors associated with DRPs had not been attempted at the national level.MethodThe literature search was conducted in the following databases; PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar. The quality of the included studies was checked using Joanna Brigg's Institute (JBI's) checklist, and data were analyzed using Stata software (version 14.0). The pooled estimate of DRPs was computed by a Random effect model (DerSimonian-Laird method). Cochran's Q test (I2) statistic)), and Begg's correlation and Egger's regression test were assessed for heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively.ResultOverall, 32 studies with a total sample size of 7,129 were included in the review. The estimated pooled prevalence of DRPs was 70% [0.70 (95% CI 0.64-0.76; I2 = 97.6% p = 0.000)]. Polypharmacy (taking ≥ 5 drugs) [RR = 1.3], medical comorbidity [RR = 1.3], poor medication adherence [RR = 1.7], uncontrolled blood pressure [RR = 1.4], substance use [RR = 1.2], type 2 diabetes [RR = 1.8], significant drug interaction [RR = 1.33], and a negative medication belief [RR = 3.72] significantly influenced the occurrence of DRPs.ConclusionThe estimated national prevalence of DRPs in Ethiopia was high. Presence of medical comorbidity, using multiple drugs, significant drug interaction, poor medication adherence, uncontrolled blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, substance use and a negative belief about medication significantly influenced the occurrence of DRPs. Initiating and/or strengthening pharmaceutical care services at the health care facilities could lower the occurrence of DRPs. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020162329.
| S-EPMC8077957 | biostudies-literature