Dataset Information

Alfalfa vein mottling virus, a novel potyvirid infecting Medicago sativa L.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We have recently identified a novel virus detected in alfalfa seed material. The virus was tentatively named alfalfa-associated potyvirus 1, as its genomic fragments bore similarities with potyvirids. In this study, we continued investigating this novel species, expanding information on its genomic features and biological characteristics.

Methods

This research used a wide range of methodology to achieve end results: high throughput sequencing, bioinformatics tools, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions, differential diagnostics using indicator plants, virus purification, transmission electron microscopy, and others.

Results

In this study, we obtained a complete genome sequence of the virus and classified it as a tentative species in the new genus, most closely related to the members of the genus Ipomovirus in the family Potyviridae. This assumption is based on the genome sequence and structure, phylogenetic relationships, and transmission electron microscopy investigations. We also demonstrated its mechanical transmission to the indicator plant Nicotiana benthamiana and to the natural host Medicago sativa, both of which developed characteristic symptoms therefore suggesting a pathogenic nature of the disease.

Conclusions

Consistent with symptomatology, the virus was renamed to alfalfa vein mottling virus. A name Alvemovirus was proposed for the new genus in the family Potyviridae, of which alfalfa vein mottling virus is a tentative member.

SUBMITTER: Nemchinov LG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10690988 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Alfalfa vein mottling virus, a novel potyvirid infecting Medicago sativa L.

Nemchinov Lev G LG Postnikova Olga A OA Wintermantel William M WM Palumbo John C JC Grinstead Sam S

Virology journal 20231130 1

<h4>Background</h4>We have recently identified a novel virus detected in alfalfa seed material. The virus was tentatively named alfalfa-associated potyvirus 1, as its genomic fragments bore similarities with potyvirids. In this study, we continued investigating this novel species, expanding information on its genomic features and biological characteristics.<h4>Methods</h4>This research used a wide range of methodology to achieve end results: high throughput sequencing, bioinformatics tools, reve ...[more]

PMID: 38037050

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Project description:BackgroundNucleorhabdoviruses possess bacilliform particles which contain a single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome. They replicate and mature in the nucleus of infected cells. Together with viruses of three other genera of the family Rhabdoviridae, they are known to infect plants and can be transmitted by arthropod vectors, during vegetative propagation, or by mechanical means. In 2010, an alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plant showing virus-like symptoms was collected from Stadl-Paura, Austria and sent to Julius Kühn Institute for analysis.MethodsElectron microscopy (EM) of leaf extracts from infected plants revealed the presence of rhabdovirus-like particles and was further used for ultrastructural analyses of infected plant tissue. Partially-purified preparations of rhabdovirus nucleocapsids were used for raising an antiserum. To determine the virus genome sequence, high throughput sequencing (HTS) was performed. RT-PCR primers were designed to confirm virus infection and to be used as a diagnostic tool.ResultsEM revealed bacilliform virions resembling those of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses. HTS of ribosomal RNA-depleted total RNA extracts revealed a consensus sequence consisting of 13,875 nucleotides (nt) and containing seven open reading frames (ORFs). Homology and phylogenetic analyses suggest that this virus isolate represents a new species of the genus Nucleorhabdovirus (family Rhabdoviridae). Since the virus originated from an alfalfa plant in Austria, the name alfalfa-associated nucleorhabdovirus (AaNV) is proposed. Viroplasms (Vp) and budding virions were observed in the nuclei of infected cells by EM, thus confirming its taxonomic assignment based on sequence data.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified and characterised a new nucleorhabdovirus from alfalfa. It shared only 39.8% nucleotide sequence identity with its closest known relative, black currant-associated rhabdovirus 1. The virus contains an additional open reading frame (accessory gene) with unknown function, located between the matrix protein and the glycoprotein genes. Serological and molecular diagnostic assays were designed for future screening of field samples. Further studies are needed to identify other natural hosts and potential vectors.

Dataset Information

Alfalfa vein mottling virus, a novel potyvirid infecting Medicago sativa L.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Alfalfa vein mottling virus, a novel potyvirid infecting Medicago sativa L.

Similar Datasets

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