Multi-variate coding for possession: methodology and preliminary results.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Chousou-Polydouri N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10740388 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Multi-variate coding for possession: methodology and preliminary results.
Chousou-Polydouri Natalia N Inman David D Huber Thomas C TC Bickel Balthasar B
Linguistics 20231109 6
In this work we are presenting a database structure to encode the phenomenon of differential possession across languages, considering noun possession classes and possessive constructions as independent but linked. We show how this structure can be used to study different dimensions of possession: semantics, noun valence, and possessive constructions. We present preliminary survey results from a global sample of 120 languages and show that there is a universal semantic core in both inalienable an ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:ObjectiveThis article describes the methodology and summarizes some preliminary results of the GENYAL study aiming to design and validate a predictive model, considering both environmental and genetic factors, that identifies children who would benefit most from actions aimed at reducing the risk of obesity and its complications.DesignThe study is a cluster randomized clinical trial with 5-year follow-up. The initial evaluation was carried out in 2017. The schools were randomly split into intervention (nutritional education) and control schools. Anthropometric measurements, social and health as well as dietary and physical activity data of schoolchildren and their families are annually collected. A total of 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assessed. Machine Learning models are being designed to predict obesity phenotypes after the 5-year follow-up.SettingsSix schools in Madrid.ParticipantsA total of 221 schoolchildren (6-8 years old).ResultsCollected results show that the prevalence of excess weight was 19.0, 25.4, and 32.2% (according to World Health Organization, International Obesity Task Force and Orbegozo Foundation criteria, respectively). Associations between the nutritional state of children with mother BMI [β = 0.21 (0.13-0.3), p (adjusted) <0.001], geographical location of the school [OR = 2.74 (1.24-6.22), p (adjusted) = 0.06], dairy servings per day [OR = 0.48 (0.29-0.75), p (adjusted) = 0.05] and 8 SNPs [rs1260326, rs780094, rs10913469, rs328, rs7647305, rs3101336, rs2568958, rs925946; p (not adjusted) <0.05] were found.ConclusionsThese baseline data support the evidence that environmental and genetic factors play a role in the development of childhood obesity. After 5-year follow-up, the GENYAL study pretends to validate the predictive model as a new strategy to fight against obesity.Clinical trial registrationThis study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT03419520, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03419520.
| S-EPMC8957940 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo describe the normative profile of ophthalmic parameters in a healthy cynomolgus monkey colony, and to identify the characteristic of the spontaneous ocular disease non-human primates (NHP) models.MethodsThe NHP eye study was a cross-sectional on-site ocular examination with about 1,000 macaques held in Guangdong Province, southeastern China. The NHPs (Macaca fascicularis, cynomolgus) in this study included middle-aged individuals with a high prevalence of the ocular disease. The NHP eye study (NHPES) performed the information including systematic data and ocular data. Ocular examination included measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior segment- optical coherence tomography (OCT), slit-lamp examination, fundus photography, autorefraction, electroretinography, etc. Ocular diseases included measurement of refractive error, anisometropia, cataract, pterygium, etc. RESULTS: A total of 1148 subjects were included and completed the ocular examination. The average age was 16.4 ± 4.93 years. Compared to the male participants, the females in the NHPES had shorter axial length and the mean Average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (except for the nasal quadrants). The mean IOP, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, central corneal thickness, choroid thickness and other parameters were similar in each group.ConclusionThe NHPES is a unique and high-quality study, this is the first large macaque monkey cohort study focusing on ocular assessment along with comprehensive evaluation. Results from the NHPES will provide important information about the normal range of ophthalmic measurements in NHP.
| S-EPMC9903517 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThere is currently no practice-based, multicenter database of poisoned patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). The INTOXICATE study, endorsed by the ESICM and EAPCCT, aimed to determine the rate of eventful admissions among acutely intoxicated adult ICU patients.MethodsEthical approval was obtained for this multicenter, prospective observational study, and data-sharing agreements were signed with each participating center. An electronic case report form was used to collect data on patient demographics, exposure, clinical characteristics, investigations, treatment, and in-hospital mortality data. The primary outcome, 'eventful admission', was a composite outcome defined as the rate of patients who received any of the following treatments in the first 24 h after the ICU admission: oxygen supplementation with a FiO2 > 40%, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, renal replacement therapy (RRT), cardiopulmonary resuscitation, antidotes, active cooling, fluid resuscitation (> 1.5 L of intravenous fluid of any kind), sedation, or who died in the hospital.ResultsSeventy-eight ICUs, mainly from Europe, but also from Australia and the Eastern Mediterranean, participated. A total of 2,273 patients were enrolled between November 2020 and June 2023. The median age of the patients was 41 years, 72% were exposed to intoxicating drugs. The observed rate of patients with an eventful ICU admission was 68% (n = 1546/2273 patients). The hospital mortality was 4.5% (n = 103/2273).ConclusionsThe vast majority of patients survive, and approximately one third of patients do not receive any ICU-specific interventions after admission in an intensive care unit for acute intoxication. High-quality detailed clinical data have been collected from a large cohort of acutely intoxicated ICU patients, providing information on the pattern of severe acute poisoning requiring intensive care admission and the outcomes of these patients.Trial registrationOSF registration ID: osf.io/7e5uy.
| S-EPMC11430428 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Diversity of the naive T cell repertoire is maintained by competition for stimuli provided by self-peptides bound to major histocompatibility complexes (self-pMHCs). We extend an existing bi-variate competition model to a multi-variate model of the dynamics of multiple T cell clonotypes which share stimuli. In order to understand the late-time behaviour of the system, we analyse: (i) the dynamics until the extinction of the first clonotype, (ii) the time to the first extinction event, (iii) the probability of extinction of each clonotype, and (iv) the size of the surviving clonotypes when the first extinction event takes place. We also find the probability distribution of the number of cell divisions per clonotype before its extinction. The mean size of a new clonotype at quasi-steady state is an increasing function of the stimulus available to it, and a decreasing function of the fraction of stimuli it shares with other clonotypes. Thus, the probability of, and time to, extinction of a new clonotype entering the pool of T cell clonotypes is determined by the extent of competition for stimuli it experiences and by its initial number of cells.
| S-EPMC10713556 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Motivation:Random forest (RF) has become a widely popular prediction generating mechanism. Its strength lies in its flexibility, interpretability and ability to handle large number of features, typically larger than the sample size. However, this methodology is of limited use if one wishes to identify statistically significant features. Several ranking schemes are available that provide information on the relative importance of the features, but there is a paucity of general inferential mechanism, particularly in a multi-variate set up. We use the conditional inference tree framework to generate a RF where features are deleted sequentially based on explicit hypothesis testing. The resulting sequential algorithm offers an inferentially justifiable, but model-free, variable selection procedure. Significant features are then used to generate predictive RF. An added advantage of our methodology is that both variable selection and prediction are based on conditional inference framework and hence are coherent. Results:We illustrate the performance of our Sequential Multi-Response Feature Selection approach through simulation studies and finally apply this methodology on Genomics of Drug Sensitivity for Cancer dataset to identify genetic characteristics that significantly impact drug sensitivities. Significant set of predictors obtained from our method are further validated from biological perspective. Availability and implementation:https://github.com/jomayer/SMuRF. Contact:souparno.ghosh@ttu.edu. Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| S-EPMC6075534 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We achieve a significant improvement in thermodynamic-based flux analysis (TFA) by introducing multivariate treatment of thermodynamic variables and leveraging component contribution, the state-of-the-art implementation of the group contribution methodology. Overall, the method greatly reduces the uncertainty of thermodynamic variables. We present multiTFA, a Python implementation of our framework. We evaluated our application using the core Escherichia coli model and achieved a median reduction of 6.8 kJ/mol in reaction Gibbs free energy ranges, while three out of 12 reactions in glycolysis changed from reversible to irreversible. Our framework along with documentation is available on https://github.com/biosustain/multitfa. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| S-EPMC8479682 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDecriminalization of personal possession of drugs has been proposed as an approach to mitigate the harms of drug prohibition. Despite growing interest, particularly in Canadian settings, analyses of approaches to defining the parameters of what constitutes personal possession within decriminalization models are lacking. Using the Province of British Columbia, Canada, as a case study, we undertook an evidence-based multi-criteria policy analysis of three models for defining personal possession: 1) a model that defines personal possession as the absence of evidence of drug trafficking; 2) a cumulative threshold of 15 grams; and 3) a cumulative threshold of 2.5 grams.MethodsWe utilized data from four sources: qualitative interviews with 16 experts, including representatives from government and law enforcement; Vancouver Police drug seizure data; self-reported drug consumption data from longitudinal cohorts of people who use drugs in Vancouver; and publicly available government documents (e.g., the Government of BC's submission for decriminalization). Data was used to identify and define evaluation criteria which reflect the stated policy objectives of decriminalization alongside other policy considerations. This framework was used to conduct a multi-criteria policy analysis of the three different models.ResultsThe seven evaluation criteria included: 1) reduction in interactions with police; 2) reduction of police drug seizures; 3) coverage for those with high consumption; 4) impact on equity-deserving groups; and acceptance on the part key stakeholders, including: 5) people who use drugs; 6) law enforcement; and 7) the public. The model that performed the best was the cumulative threshold model of 15 grams.ConclusionFindings highlight that different threshold models advance and constrain the stated policy objectives of drug decriminalization to varying degrees. This analysis provides a framework that other jurisdictions considering decriminalization could use to help inform determinations of threshold levels based on stated policy objectives.
| S-EPMC10529211 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAnalysis of multi-institutional data and benchmarking is an accepted accreditation standard in cardiac surgery. Such a database does not exist for congenital cardiac surgery in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ). To fill this gap, the ANZ Congenital Outcomes Registry for Surgery (ANZCORS) was established in 2017.MethodsInclusion criteria included all cardiothoracic and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) procedures performed at five participating centres. Data was collected by data managers, validated by the surgical team, and securely transmitted to a central repository.ResultsBetween 2015 and 2019, 9723 procedures were performed in 7003 patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass was utilized for 59% and 9% were ECMO procedures. Fifty-seven percent (n = 5531) of the procedures were performed in children younger than 1 year of age. Twenty-four percent of procedures (n = 2365) were performed in neonates (≤28 days) and 33% (n = 3166) were performed in children aged 29 days to 1 year (infants). The 30-day mortality for cardiac cases (n = 6572) was 1.3% and there was no statistical difference between the participating centres (P = 0.491). Sixty-nine percent of cases had no major post-operative complications (5121/7456). For cardiopulmonary bypass procedures (n = 5774), median stay in intensive care and hospital was 2 days (IQR 1, 4) and 9 days (IQR 5, 18), respectively.ConclusionANZCORS has facilitated pooled data analysis for paediatric cardiac surgery across ANZ for the first time. Overall mortality was low. Non-risk-adjusted 30-day mortality for individual procedures was similar in all units. The continued evaluation of surgical outcomes through ANZCORS will drive quality assessment in paediatric cardiac surgery across ANZ.
| S-EPMC10084159 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Recent advances in mobile technology have shown that augmented unisensory feedback can be leveraged to improve gait using wearable systems, but less is known about the possible benefits and usability of multisensory (i.e., multimodal) feedback. This paper introduces the preliminary results of an innovative research project aiming to develop an mHealth system including Android smart glasses, and providing multisensory cues for gait rehabilitation of people affected by Parkinson's disease in and out of the medical context. In particular, the paper describes a preliminary pilot focusing on the design of visual, auditory, and haptic cues, and testing the design methodologies to be used in further developments of the project. Considered research questions were: Which kinds of images, sounds, and vibrations mostly influence gait speed, stride length, and cadence? Which are the ones stressing the user the least? Which ones induce the most immediate reaction? Thus, in this starting part of the research project, different typologies of sensory cues were designed, tested, and evaluated considering quantitative and qualitative parameters to properly answer the research questions.
| S-EPMC9867182 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and aimsAs treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) expands within general healthcare settings such as primary care, mechanisms to facilitate decision-making processes are increasingly necessary. Decision aids have the capacity to bolster existing resources in diverse treatment settings by increasing knowledge of treatment options and facilitating shared decision making. The aim of this study is to develop and test a patient decision aid for medication treatment for opioid use disorder (PtDA-MOUD) that assists individuals with OUD in making informed decisions about treatment at the time of initial clinical visit. Use of the PtDA-MOUD will be further tested in diverse treatment settings within the California Hub and Spoke System developed under the SAMHSA State Targeted Response to the Opioid Crisis grants.MethodsThe PtDA-MOUD was iteratively developed with input from a scientific expert panel and both patient and provider focus groups, incorporating International Patient Decision Aid Standards. Thirty-six patients with OUD entering treatment pilot tested the PtDA and completed assessments, and results from clinical records were compared with matched controls who did not receive the PtDA. A clinical profile based on assessment data was created for use within the clinical visit.ResultsThe developed decision aid provides information on MOUD and captures patient characteristics relevant to medication treatment decisions. Feedback indicated that the PtDA-MOUD was feasible to implement and useful. Though the small sample size limited the ability to detect significant differences (p > .05), a greater number of individuals who reviewed the PtDA (37%) were inducted on MOUD than controls (11%) and received MOUD for more days (M = 14.0, SD = 24.7) than controls (M = 8.4; SD = 22.5). Moreover, the difference in means for days receiving MOUD had an approximately medium effect size (r = 0.25).ConclusionsPatient perceptions of the decision aid were favorable and it showed promise as a tool in the OUD treatment process. Pilot testing results suggested preliminary positive effects on MOUD initiation. Future phases of this study will further investigate the usefulness of this tool. ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier:NCT03394261.
| S-EPMC7397558 | biostudies-literature