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Microbiome convergence enables siderophore-secreting-rhizobacteria to improve iron nutrition and yield of peanut intercropped with maize.

ABSTRACT: Intercropping has the potential to improve plant nutrition as well as crop yield. However, the exact mechanism promoting improved nutrient acquisition and the role the rhizosphere microbiome may play in this process remains poorly understood. Here, we use a peanut/maize intercropping system to investigate the role of root-associated microbiota in iron nutrition in these crops, combining microbiome profiling, strain and substance isolation and functional validation. We find that intercropping increases iron nutrition in peanut but not in maize plants and that the microbiota composition changes and converges between the two plants tested in intercropping experiments. We identify a Pseudomonas secreted siderophore, pyoverdine, that improves iron nutrition in glasshouse and field experiments. Our results suggest that the presence of siderophore-secreting Pseudomonas in peanut and maize intercropped plays an important role in iron nutrition. These findings could be used to envision future intercropping practices aiming to improve plant nutrition.

SUBMITTER: Wang N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10825131 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Microbiome convergence enables siderophore-secreting-rhizobacteria to improve iron nutrition and yield of peanut intercropped with maize.

Wang Nanqi N Wang Tianqi T Chen Yu Y Wang Ming M Lu Qiaofang Q Wang Kunguang K Dou Zhechao Z Chi Zhiguang Z Qiu Wei W Dai Jing J Niu Lei L Cui Jianyu J Wei Zhong Z Zhang Fusuo F Kümmerli Rolf R Zuo Yuanmei Y

Nature communications 20240129 1

Intercropping has the potential to improve plant nutrition as well as crop yield. However, the exact mechanism promoting improved nutrient acquisition and the role the rhizosphere microbiome may play in this process remains poorly understood. Here, we use a peanut/maize intercropping system to investigate the role of root-associated microbiota in iron nutrition in these crops, combining microbiome profiling, strain and substance isolation and functional validation. We find that intercropping inc ...[more]

PMID: 38287073

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Project description:IntroductionBiochar (BC) and nitrogen (N) application have the potential to increase grain yield and resource use efficiency in intercropping systems. However, the effects of different levels of BC and N application in these systems remain unclear. To address this gap, the study is intended to ascertain the impact of various combinations of BC and N fertilizer on the performance of maize-soybean intercropping and determine the optimum application of BC and N for maximizing the effect of the intercropping system.MethodsA two-year (2021-2022) field experiment was conducted in Northeast China to assess the impact of BC (0, 15, and 30 t ha-1) and N application (135, 180, and 225 kg ha-1) on plant growth, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), N recovery efficiency (NRE) and quality in an intercropping system. Maize and soybean were selected as materials in the experiment, where every 2 rows of maize were intercropped with 2 rows of soybean.Results and discussionThe results showed that the combination of BC and N significantly affected the yield, WUE, NRE and quality of intercropped maize and soybean. The treatment of 15 t ha-1 BC and 180 kg ha-1 N increased grain yield and WUE, while that of 15 t ha-1 BC and 135 kg ha-1 N enhanced NRE in both years. Nitrogen promoted the protein and oil content of intercropped maize, but decreased the protein and oil content of intercropped soybean. BC did not enhance the protein and oil content of intercropped maize, especially in the first year, but increased maize starch content. BC was found to have no positive impact on soybean protein, but it unexpectedly increased soybean oil content. The TOPSIS method revealed that the comprehensive assessment value first increased and then declined with increasing BC and N application. BC improved the performance of maize-soybean intercropping system in terms of yield, WUE, NRE, and quality while N fertilizer input was reduced. The highest grain yield in two years was achieved for BC of 17.1-23.0 t ha-1 and N of 156-213 kg ha-1 in 2021, and 12.0-18.8 t ha-1 BC and 161-202 kg ha-1 N in 2022. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the growth of maize-soybean intercropping system and its potential to enhance the production in northeast China.

Project description:BackgroundBorder row effects impact the ecosystem functions of intercropping systems, with high direct interactions between neighboring row crops in light, water, and nutrients. However, previous studies have mostly focused on aboveground, whereas the effects of intercropping on the spatial distribution of the root system are poorly understood. Field experiments and planting box experiments were combined to explore the yield, dry matter accumulation, and spatial distribution of root morphological indexes, such as root length density (RLD), root surface area density (RSAD), specific root length (SRL), and root diameter (RD), of maize and peanut and interspecific interactions at different soil depths in an intercropping system.ResultsIn the field experiments, the yield of intercropped maize significantly increased by 33.45%; however, the yield of intercropped peanut significantly decreased by 13.40%. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of the maize-peanut intercropping system was greater than 1, and the advantage of intercropping was significant. Maize was highly competitive (A = 0.94, CR=1.54), and the yield advantage is mainly attributed to maize. Intercropped maize had higher RLD, RSAD, and SRL than sole maize, and intercropped peanut had lower RLD, RSAD, and SRL than sole peanut. In the interspecific interaction zone, the increase in RLD, RSAD, SRL, and RD of intercropped maize was greater than that of intercropped peanut, and maize showed greater root morphological plasticity than peanut. A random forest model determined that RSAD significantly impacted yield at 15-60 cm, while SRL had a significant impact at 30-60 cm. Structural equation modeling revealed that root morphology indicators had a greater effect on yield at 30-45 cm, with interactions between indicators being more pronounced at this depth.ConclusionThese results show that border-row effects mediate the plasticity of root morphology, which could enhance resource use and increase productivity. Therefore, selecting optimal intercropping species and developing sustainable intercropping production systems is of great significance.

Dataset Information

Microbiome convergence enables siderophore-secreting-rhizobacteria to improve iron nutrition and yield of peanut intercropped with maize.

Publications

Microbiome convergence enables siderophore-secreting-rhizobacteria to improve iron nutrition and yield of peanut intercropped with maize.

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