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Transmission and serial propagation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from humans and Rhesus macaques in gnotobiotic piglets.

ABSTRACT: For over a decade Enterocytozoon bieneusi infections in people with AIDS have been linked with chronic diarrhea and wasting. The slow scientific progress in treating these infections is attributed to the inability of investigators to cultivate the parasite, which has also precluded evaluation of effective therapies. We report here successful serial transmissions of E. bieneusi from patients with AIDS and from macaques with AIDS to immunosuppressed gnotobiotic piglets. One infected piglet was still excreting spores at necropsy 50 days after an oral challenge. Spores in feces were detected microscopically by trichrome stain and by PCR and within enterocytes by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. E. bieneusi infection induced no symptoms. The development of an animal model for E. bieneusi will open up new opportunities for investigating this parasite.

SUBMITTER: Kondova I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC108691 | biostudies-literature | 1998 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transmission and serial propagation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from humans and Rhesus macaques in gnotobiotic piglets.

Kondova I I Mansfield K K Buckholt M A MA Stein B B Widmer G G Carville A A Lackner A A Tzipori S S

Infection and immunity 19981101 11

For over a decade Enterocytozoon bieneusi infections in people with AIDS have been linked with chronic diarrhea and wasting. The slow scientific progress in treating these infections is attributed to the inability of investigators to cultivate the parasite, which has also precluded evaluation of effective therapies. We report here successful serial transmissions of E. bieneusi from patients with AIDS and from macaques with AIDS to immunosuppressed gnotobiotic piglets. One infected piglet was sti ...[more]

PMID: 9784565

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis are common human and animal pathogens. Studies have increasingly shown that non-human primates (NHPs) are common hosts of these two zoonotic parasites. However, few studies have explored the genetic diversity and public health potential of these pathogens in laboratory monkeys. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of the two pathogens in crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in a commercial facility in Hainan, China. RESULTS:Enterocytozoon bieneusi and G. duodenalis were detected by PCR analysis in 461/1452 (31.7%) and 469/1452 (32.3%) fecal specimens from the animals, respectively. Significantly higher detection rates of E. bieneusi were detected in males (36.5%, 258/706) than in females (26.7%, 160/599; ?2?=?14.391, P?=?0.0001), in animals with loose stools (41.4%, 151/365) than those with normal stool (28.5%, 310/1087; ?2?=?20.83, P?<?0.0001), and in animals of over 3 years of age (38.6%, 135/350) than those of 1-3 years (29.6%, 326/1,102; ?2?=?9.90, P?=?0.0016). For G. duodenalis, the detection rate in males (33.4%, 236/706) was higher than in females but not statistically significant (30.2%, 181/599; ?2?=?1.54, P?=?0.2152), in monkeys with loose stools (41.1%, 150/365) than those with normal stools (29.3%, 319/1087; ?2?=?17.25, P?<?0.0001), and in monkeys of 1-3 years of age (36.6%, 403/1102) than those over 3 years (18.9%, 66/350; ?2?=?38.11, P?<?0.0001). Nine E. bieneusi genotypes were detected in this study by DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of the rRNA gene, namely Type IV (236/461), Peru8 (42/461), Pongo2 (27/461), Peru11 (12/461), D (4/461) and PigEbITS7 (1/461) previously seen in NHPs as well as humans, and CM1 (119/461), CM2 (17/461) and CM3 (3/461) that had been only detected in NHPs. DNA sequence analyses of the tpi, gdh and bg loci identified all G. duodenalis specimens as having assemblage B. Altogether, eight (4 known and 4 new), seven (6 known and 1 new) and seven (4 known and 3 new) subtypes were seen at the tpi, gdh and bg loci, leading to the detection of 53 multi-locus genotypes (MLG-B-hn01 to MLG-B-hn53). Most of them were genetically related to those previously seen in common Old-World monkeys. CONCLUSIONS:Data from this study indicate a common occurrence of zoonotic genotypes of E. bieneusi and assemblage B of G. duodenalis in farmed crab-eating macaques in Hainan, China.

Dataset Information

Transmission and serial propagation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from humans and Rhesus macaques in gnotobiotic piglets.

Publications

Transmission and serial propagation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from humans and Rhesus macaques in gnotobiotic piglets.

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