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Expansion of the complex genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of FGFR2-associated neurocutaneous syndromes.

ABSTRACT: The fibroblast growth factor receptors comprise a family of related but individually distinct tyrosine kinase receptors. Within this family, FGFR2 is a key regulator in many biological processes, e.g., cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Heterozygous activating non-mosaic germline variants in FGFR2 have been linked to numerous autosomal dominantly inherited disorders including several craniosynostoses and skeletal dysplasia syndromes. We report on a girl with cutaneous nevi, ocular malformations, macrocephaly, mild developmental delay, and the initial clinical diagnosis of Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome, a very rare mosaic neurocutaneous disorder caused by postzygotic missense variants in HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS. Exome sequencing of blood and affected skin tissue identified the mosaic variant c.1647=/T > G p.(Asn549=/Lys) in FGFR2, upstream of the RAS signaling pathway. The variant is located in the tyrosine kinase domain of FGFR2 in a region that regulates the activity of the receptor and structural mapping and functional characterization revealed that it results in constitutive receptor activation. Overall, our findings indicate FGFR2-associated neurocutaneous syndrome as the accurate clinical-molecular diagnosis for the reported individual, and thereby expand the complex genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of FGFR-associated disorders. We conclude that molecular analysis of FGFR2 should be considered in the genetic workup of individuals with the clinical suspicion of a mosaic neurocutaneous condition, as the knowledge of the molecular cause might have relevant implications for genetic counseling, prognosis, tumor surveillance and potential treatment options.

SUBMITTER: Schmidt J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10881730 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Expansion of the complex genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of FGFR2-associated neurocutaneous syndromes.

Schmidt Julia J Kaulfuß Silke S Ott Hagen H Gaubert Marianne M Reintjes Nadine N Bremmer Felix F Dreha-Kulaczewski Steffi S Stroebel Philipp P Yigit Gökhan G Wollnik Bernd B

Human genetics 20240124 2

The fibroblast growth factor receptors comprise a family of related but individually distinct tyrosine kinase receptors. Within this family, FGFR2 is a key regulator in many biological processes, e.g., cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Heterozygous activating non-mosaic germline variants in FGFR2 have been linked to numerous autosomal dominantly inherited disorders including several craniosynostoses and skeletal dysplasia syndromes. We report on a girl with cutaneo ...[more]

PMID: 38265560

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Dataset Information

Expansion of the complex genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of FGFR2-associated neurocutaneous syndromes.

Publications

Expansion of the complex genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of FGFR2-associated neurocutaneous syndromes.

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