Influence of economics students’ self-esteem on their academic engagement: The moderating role of gender
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC10906160 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ObjectiveTo explore how college students' academic engagement has changed in the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (hereinafter referred to as "in the outbreak"), this research will encompass more than just looking into the relationship among anxiety, benefit finding (BF) and academic engagement, but also involve evaluating how anxiety moderates the positive impact of BF on academic engagement.MethodAmong college students, this study comprised an online-based cross-sectional survey in cities where COVID-19 broke out. Convenience sampling method was used. The survey took place between November 10 and November 19, 2021, during which all the cities surveyed were in the outbreak. With language revision, scales include Student Version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-S), recompiled Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), as methods for gauging the academic engagement, BF and anxiety experienced by college students, respectively.ResultsAcademic engagement in the outbreak is higher than that before the outbreak stage of COVID-19 (hereinafter referred to as "before the outbreak") (Z = -18.201, P < 0.001). Between anxiety and BF, a negative correlation can be observed in the outbreak (P = 0.001), whereas BF and anxiety have an adverse correlation with academic engagement (P < 0.001). The positive effect of BF on academic engagement will be debilitated by anxiety. Further analysis shows that college students who are close to medium-and high-risk areas, worried about the infection, unvaccinated and concerned about the epidemic, are more likely to be anxious (P < 0.001). Those with confidence in government's ability to prevent and control the epidemic, as well as increased trust in medical workers, have a higher BF (P < 0.001).ConclusionsWhile COVID-19 could still exert adverse effects on psychology of college students, but it can also stimulate college students to perceive the meaning of life. In the outbreak, an increase in academic engagement seems to be a manifestation of growth in adversity. Compared with short-term negative emotional intervention, life meaning and gratitude in education may stimulate their potential ability for a longer time.
| S-EPMC10560010 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Social media use has become an important part of social life. However, little is known about its relation to physical health. Extending prior work on social media use and psychological well-being, the present research investigated how social media use is associated with a key indicator of health, systemic inflammation. Based on research on self-esteem and work on inflammation, the current study examined whether the link between social media use and inflammatory biomarkers would be moderated by self-esteem. A nationally probablistic sample of middle-aged adults (N = 863) completed self-report questionnaires on social media use, self-esteem, socio-demographic information, and health related behaviors. Approximately two years later, they provided a blood sample that was analyzed for C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), biomarkers of systemic inflammation. Consistent with our hypothesis, self-esteem moderated the association between social media use and these markers of inflammation. Specifically, as self-esteem decreased, the positive association of social media use with CRP and IL-6 became stronger. These results held after controlling for socio-demographic information, health status, depressive symptoms, and medication usage. Social media use was not significantly correlated with either CRP or IL-6. The present research demonstrates physical health correlates of social media use and suggests self-esteem as a key variable that can moderate the relation between social media use and health.
| S-EPMC8474231 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Friends' influence may importantly contribute to the development of adolescent disordered eating behaviors. However, little is known about the influence of friends on loss of control eating. This study investigated whether friend-reported loss of control eating was associated with changes in adolescents' own loss of control eating 1 year later and tested whether adolescents with lower self-esteem, higher fear of negative evaluation, and higher body dissatisfaction were more susceptible to friends' influence. Sex differences in these associations were also examined. Participants were 612 adolescents (50.0% female; MT1 Age = 13.50 years, SDT1 Age = 1.01) who were recruited from a school in the Netherlands with predominantly native Dutch students and participated in an ongoing longitudinal research project between 2019 and 2021. Results indicated that adolescents and their friends reported similar levels of loss of control eating but provided no support for friends' influence on loss of control eating, nor for differential susceptibility. The modest degree of similarity between adolescents' and their friends' loss of control eating and the lack of friends' influence on loss of control eating may be due to homophilic selection effects or the restrictions involving the COVID-19 pandemic, so replication of the results is warranted.
| S-EPMC11773444 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The advent of online education has become indispensable for nursing students seeking to acquire knowledge. However, the efficacy of online education often falls short of initial expectations. Deep learning (DL) can assist learners tackle complex problems and make innovative decisions. Despite its potential, there has been limited exploration into the underlying mechanisms of DL among nursing students, both domestically and globally. This study examined the potential moderating effect of psychological capital (PC) on the association between academic self-concept (AS-c) and DL among nursing students from China enrolled in online courses. Conducted from October 2022 to January 2023, the survey involved 635 nursing students from four public universities in eastern China, utilizing convenience sampling. Data was collected using the AS-c scale, psychological capital scale, and DL scale in online courses. Correlation analyses, univariate analyses, multiple linear regression analyses, and the PROCESS macro were employed for a comprehensive examination. The results revealed a strong positive relationship between nursing students' DL and both their AS-c (r = 0.766, P < 0.01) and PC (r = 0.714, P < 0.01), respectively. Additionally, the effect of AS-c on DL was stronger among individuals with high PC (β = 0.34, SE = 0.03, P < 0.001) compared to those with low (β = 0.29, SE = 0.02, P < 0.001) or medium (β = 0.24, SE = 0.02, P < 0.001) levels of PC, indicating that PC exerts moderating effects and promotes DL among nursing students enrolled in online courses. Based on these findings, several implications are suggested for the theory and practice of facilitating DL.
| S-EPMC11332870 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The data presents the self-esteem examination of undergraduate students studying in Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2017 and its relationship with gender. The total number of participants was 100 (49% female and 51% male). The 100 students were selected through random sampling method. The average age of participants was 21.61 years while the youngest and the oldest participants were 19 and 32 years old, respectively. The data were collected using the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) and analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum) using SPSS version 22 (statistical package for Social Sciences). The detailed dataset is presented in this paper.
| S-EPMC6198126 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Academic procrastination, a prevalent issue in higher education, has been associated with various adverse outcomes. This study aims to discern and compare the degrees of academic procrastination among university students in Honduras and Spain while also investigating the relationship between academic procrastination and the Big Five personality factors alongside self-esteem. The sample comprised 457 university students, encompassing 237 Hondurans and 220 Spaniards. The research employed descriptive, comparative, correlational, and regression analyses. Honduran university students exhibited a significantly lower level of academic procrastination. Correlational analyses revealed that self-esteem and all Big Five personality factors, except for neuroticism in the Spanish cohort, displayed noteworthy associations with academic procrastination. Further regression analyses demonstrated that conscientiousness emerged as a significant predictor of procrastination in both samples. This study's findings can be pivotal in identifying students at risk of procrastination at an early stage. Additionally, the results can inform the development of intervention programs designed to mitigate procrastination tendencies among university students.
| S-EPMC11381604 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Understanding influential factors for the academic performance of doctoral students is crucial for supporting their exploration of academic research opportunities and aiding their pursuit of careers in academic research. This study surveyed 659 doctoral students in China, utilizing scales to assess academic motivation, buoyancy, self-efficacy, self-concept, and performance. Based on a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis, a direct correlation between self-concept and performance was identified. Moreover, motivation, buoyancy, and self-efficacy were significant mediators in the relationship between self-concept and performance. To significantly enhance self-concept's impact on doctoral students' academic performance, educators should endeavor to enhance students' motivation, buoyancy, and self-efficacy. This endeavor will contribute to the discourse on academic performance and its underlying psychological mechanisms.
| S-EPMC11252879 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesPersonality traits should be taken into account when diagnosing individuals with disordered eating behaviors in the hope of better understanding their etiology and symptom progression and when planning treatment. The objective of this study was to attempt to determine the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationships between personality traits included in the Big Five model among Polish women and estimated risk of eating disorders.MethodsThe study was conducted among 556 Polish women from Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship. The average age of the women under study was 34 years. A diagnostic survey was used as the research method, and the empirical data were collected using the following research tools: The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), ORTO - 15 Questionnaire, The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-13), and the authors' original questionnaire. A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of selected independent variables. The assumptions for the linear regression model were satisfied, as indicated by the Ramsey Regression Equation Specification Error Test, White's test, and the Jarque-Bera test.ResultsOnly the personality trait of neuroticism exhibits a statistically significant effect on the "Cognitive Restraint of Eating," "Uncontrolled Eating," and "Emotional Eating" scores (p < 0.001). The moderation effect was demonstrated between self-esteem and the personality trait of conscientiousness on the "Cognitive Restraint of Eating" scale score. There is a moderation effect between self-esteem and the personality trait of extraversion on the "Uncontrolled Eating" subscale score. There is a moderation effect between self-esteem and the personality trait of conscientiousness on the "Uncontrolled Eating" scale score.ConclusionSelf-esteem was not a predictor of the occurrence of risk of eating disorders while playing a moderating role in the relationship between certain personality traits and estimated risk of eating disorders. A higher level of neuroticism was identified as an important predictor of higher results for orthorexia, Cognitive Restraint of Eating, Uncontrolled Eating, and Emotional Eating. It was also demonstrated that the orthorexia risk index decreased with increased extraversion and openness to experience. The results of this study suggest that eating behaviors and psychological factors should be included in psychological interventions in the treatment of eating disorders. The clinical goal can be considered to be an improvement in non-normative eating behaviors, such as a reduction in overeating episodes or eating less frequently in the absence of a hunger feeling. In order to assist these individuals in their attempts to achieve healthy behaviors, variables related to mental functioning can be then identified as important goals to support individuals in their efforts to change health behaviors by achieving better mental well-being.
| S-EPMC10644397 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As university students face increasing pressures in a highly competitive society, unhealthy lifestyles have become a common phenomenon. Health awareness is considered a critical factor in promoting healthy behaviors, yet its mechanism of action on university students' healthy lifestyles, influenced by self-esteem and social support, remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between health awareness (HA) and healthy lifestyles (HL) and to examine the mediating roles of self-esteem (SE) and social support (SS) in this relationship. Based on social cognitive theory, this study initially constructs a theoretical model of the impact of health awareness on healthy lifestyles among university students, introducing self-esteem and social support as mediating variables to further build a chain mediation model. A total of 1,169 participants (554 males and 615 females) completed an online survey. Participants completed the Health Awareness Scale (HAS), the Diet and Healthy Lifestyle Scale (DEVS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3). The results show that high levels of health awareness positively influence self-esteem, which in turn positively influences social support, ultimately having a positive impact on healthy lifestyles. Specifically, self-esteem and social support play significant mediating roles in the relationship between health awareness and healthy lifestyles. The findings reveal the pathway by which health awareness influences healthy lifestyles through self-esteem and social support, enriching the theoretical explanation of health behaviors within the framework of social cognitive theory, particularly in the context of university students. Furthermore, the results provide practical guidance, suggesting that in designing interventions to promote healthy lifestyles, emphasis should be placed on enhancing university students' health awareness, self-esteem, and social support systems. This could include mental health education, establishing supportive communities, and fostering activities that promote self-esteem.
| S-EPMC11466429 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The study proposes adding a new component to the Job Demands-Resources Theory, termed 'personal demands'. Impulsivity serves as an illustrative example of personal demands. A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted and a total of 394 (Female = 59.6%) workers were surveyed. Standardized survey questionnaires were used in the study, i.e. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), Life Roles Self-Efficacy Scale (LRSES) and UPPS-P Impulsive Behaviour Scale. The obtained results indicate that Work Engagement correlates negatively with Impulsivity scales (lack of premeditation (r = -.22; p < .001), lack of persistence (r = -.27; p < .001), positive urgency (r = -.12; p, < .01) and negative urgency (r = -.12; p < .01)). In addition, Positive Urgency, moderates the relation between Self-efficacy and Work Engagement, in line with the theory (B = .133; SE = .067; t = 1.98; p < .05; LLCI = .0007; ULCI = 0.2643). This confirmed the fact, that impulsivity should be included in the JDR theory as a 'personal demand'.
| S-EPMC11466399 | biostudies-literature