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Nanocrystalline iron hydroxide lignocellulose filters for arsenate remediation† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3su00326d

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Soini S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10916386 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Eco-friendly preparation and characterization of high-performance electrothermal graphene-AgNPs/lignocellulose composites† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra00640b

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The power of microdroplet photochemistry† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4sc00056k

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Total synthesis of bi-magnolignan† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ra01121f

Project description:Bi-magnolignan, isolated from the leaves of Magnolia officinalis, has shown excellent physiological activity against tumor cells. An efficient strategy for the first total synthesis of bi-magnolignan is reported. The bi-dibenzofuran skeleton was constructed via functional group interconversions of commercially available materials 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene and 4-allylanisole. Then, the dibenzofuran skeleton was afforded by subsequent Suzuki coupling and intramolecular dehydration. The total synthesis of natural product was accomplished through FeCl3 catalyzed oxidative coupling. The first total synthesis of bi-magnolignan in eight steps from commercially available starting materials has been developed.

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Boric acid catalysed hydrolysis of peroxyacids† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ra01046e

Project description:This study shows for the first time that boric acid catalyses the hydrolysis of peroxyacids, resulting in an approximately 12-fold increase in hydrolysis rate for both peracetic acid (PAA) and 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) when 0.1 M boric acid is present. The maximum rate of hydrolysis occurs at pH 9 and pH 8.4 for PAA and MCPBA respectively. In contrast, carbonate buffer does not enhance the rate of PAA hydrolysis. The reaction was followed by measuring the initial rate of hydrogen peroxide formation using a specific Ti(iv) complexation method. The study of the hydrolysis reaction requires the presence of 2 × 10−5 M each of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP) in all solutions in order to chelate metal ions across the full pH range (3 to 13) that would otherwise contribute to peroxyacid decomposition. Catalysis of peroxyacid hydrolysis is most likely effected by the triganol boric acid acting as a Lewis acid catalyst, associating with the peroxide leaving group in the transition state to reduce the leaving group basicity. The products of the reaction are the well characterised monoperoxoborate species and the parent carboxylic acid. Analysis of the pH and borate dependence data reveals that in addition to a catalytic pathway involving a single boric acid molecule, there is a significant pathway involving either (a) two boric acid molecules or (b) the polyborate species, B3O3(OH)4−. Knowledge about catalytic mechanisms for the loss of peroxyacids through hydrolysis is important because they are widely used in reagents in a range of oxidation, bleaching and disinfection applications. Boric acid catalyses the hydrolysis of peroxyacids, with possible pathways involving one and two molecules of boric acid as well as polyborate species.

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Project description:Marine phytoplankton is extremely diverse. Counting and characterising phytoplankton is essential for understanding climate change and ocean health not least since phytoplankton extensively biomineralize carbon dioxide whilst generating 50% of the planet's oxygen. We report the use of fluoro-electrochemical microscopy to distinguish different taxonomies of phytoplankton by the quenching of their chlorophyll-a fluorescence using chemical species oxidatively electrogenerated in situ in seawater. The rate of chlorophyll-a quenching of each cell is characteristic of the species-specific structural composition and cellular content. But with increasing diversity and extent of phytoplankton species under study, human interpretation and distinction of the resulting fluorescence transients becomes increasingly and prohibitively difficult. Thus, we further report a neural network to analyse these fluorescence transients, with an accuracy >95% classifying 29 phytoplankton strains to their taxonomic orders. This method transcends the state-of-the-art. The success of the fluoro-electrochemical microscopy combined with AI provides a novel, flexible and highly granular solution to phytoplankton classification and is adaptable for autonomous ocean monitoring. Schematic of fluoro-electrochemical microscopy. (a) Cartoon E. huxleyi is green under normal light, but (b) emits red fluorescence under UV. (c) Placed near an oxidizing electrode, its fluorescence fades and ultimately (d) “switches off”.

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Electrically conductive [Fe4S4]-based organometallic polymers† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sc02195e

Project description: Not available

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Project description:Zinc–air batteries (ZABs) are promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage systems, however, their further development is severely hindered by kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Facile synthesis approaches of highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for OER and ORR are required for their practical applications. Herein, we develop a facile synthesis procedure for composite electrocatalysts composed of OER-active metal oxyhydroxide and ORR-active spinel oxide containing Co, Ni and Fe from composite precursors consisting of metal hydroxide and layered double hydroxide (LDH). Both hydroxide and LDH are simultaneously produced by a precipitation method with a controlled molar ratio of Co2+, Ni2+ and Fe3+ in the reaction solution, and calcination of the precursor at a moderate temperature provides composite catalysts of metal oxyhydroxides and spinel oxides. The composite catalyst shows superb bifunctional performances with a small potential difference of 0.64 V between a potential of 1.51 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm−2 for OER and a half-wave potential of 0.87 V vs. RHE for ORR. The rechargeable ZAB assembled with the composite catalyst as an air-electrode exhibits a power density of 195 mA cm−2 and excellent durability of 430 hours (1270 cycles) of a charge–discharge cycle test. Simple and durable: the multi-metal oxyhydroxide and spinal oxide composite catalyst containing Co, Fe and Ni are synthesized from hydroxide and layered double hydroxide composite precursors and shows excellent bifunctional ORR/OER activities.

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Deaminative coupling of benzylamines and arylboronic acids† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2sc06055h

Project description:A metal-free deaminative coupling of non-prefunctionalised benzylamines and arylboronic acids is reported. In this operationally simple reaction, a primary amine in benzylamine is converted into a good leaving group in situ using inexpensive and commercially available isoamyl nitrite as a nitrosating reagent. Lewis-acidic arylboronic acids are shown to replace mineral acids such as HCl or HBF4 that are conventionally used in the preparation of aryl diazonium salts. This unlocked the formation of the corresponding diarylmethanes by forging a new C–C bond in good yields. A metal-free deaminative coupling of non-prefunctionalised benzylamines and arylboronic acids is reported.

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