Project description:A patient presented with an opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome after a 2-week period of fever. In her work as an assistant nurse, she had been exposed to patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. Laboratory investigations showed that the patient had positive IgG antibodies against this pathogen, and a chest CT showed changes compatible with this infection. Other known causes for this syndrome were excluded. Our case shows that the opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome can occur as a post-/para-infectious manifestation in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.

| S-EPMC8011042 | biostudies-literature

Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia may differentiate postinfectious autoimmune encephalitis from infectious encephalitis.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8642371 | biostudies-literature

Antibodies to dendritic neuronal surface antigens in opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome.

Project description:Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by rapid, random, conjugate eye movements (opsoclonus), myoclonus, and ataxia. Given these symptoms, autoantibodies targeting the cerebellum or brainstem could mediate the disease or be markers of autoimmunity. In a subset of patients with OMAS, we identified such autoantibodies, which bind to non-synaptic puncta on the surface of live cultured cerebellar and brainstem neuronal dendrites. These findings implicate autoimmunity to a neuronal surface antigen in the pathophysiology of OMAS. Identification of the targeted antigen(s) could elucidate the mechanisms underlying OMAS and provide a biomarker for diagnosis and response to therapy.

| S-EPMC4732568 | biostudies-literature

Glutamate receptor δ2 serum antibodies in pediatric opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome.

Project description:ObjectiveTo identify neuronal surface antibodies in opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS) using contemporary antigen discovery methodology.MethodsOMAS patient serum immunoglobulin G immunohistochemistry using age-equivalent rat cerebellar tissue was followed by immunoprecipitation, gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry. Data are available via ProteomeXchange (identifier PXD009578). This generated a list of potential neuronal surface cerebellar autoantigens. Live cell-based assays were used to confirm membrane-surface antigens and adsorb antigen-specific immunoglobulin Gs. The serologic results were compared to the clinical data.ResultsFour of the 6 OMAS sera tested bound rat cerebellar sections. Two of these sera with similar immunoreactivities were used in immunoprecipitation experiments using cerebellum from postnatal rat pups (P18). Mass spectrometry identified 12 cell-surface proteins, of which glutamate receptor δ2 (GluD2), a predominately cerebellar-expressed protein, was found at a 3-fold-higher concentration than the other 11 proteins. Antibodies to GluD2 were identified in 14/16 (87%) OMAS samples, compared with 5/139 (5%) pediatric and 1/38 (2.6%) adult serum controls (p < 0.0001), and in 2/4 sera from patients with neuroblastoma without neurologic features. Adsorption of positive OMAS sera against GluD2-transfected cells substantially reduced but did not eliminate reactivity toward cerebellar sections.ConclusionAutoantibodies to GluD2 are common in patients with OMAS, bind to surface determinants, and are potentially pathogenic.

| S-EPMC6107266 | biostudies-literature

Probable association between mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome.

Project description:Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) in children is most often of paraneoplastic origin, but it can also result from infectious processes, toxic and metabolic disorders, and organic events that cause damage to the brainstem or cerebellum. Post-vaccination OMAS has also been reported. We report the case of a 15-year-old girl who developed OMAS 24 hours after her first dose of mRNA COVID-19 (BioNTech) vaccine.

| S-EPMC9886563 | biostudies-literature

Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome due to falciparum malaria in two Indian children.

Project description:Opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia (OMA) syndrome is rare in children, mostly caused by neuroblastoma. Here, we present two very rare cases presenting with OMA due to falciparum malaria. Both of them responded to a high dose of adrenocorticotrophin hormone and intravenous immunoglobulin without recurrence and complication.

| S-EPMC5200992 | biostudies-literature

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