Dataset Information

Incidence of typhoid fever in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, and Nigeria (the Severe Typhoid in Africa programme): a population-based study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Typhoid Fever remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. The Severe Typhoid in Africa programme was designed to address regional gaps in typhoid burden data and identify populations eligible for interventions using novel typhoid conjugate vaccines.

Methods

A hybrid design, hospital-based prospective surveillance with population-based health-care utilisation surveys, was implemented in six countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients presenting with fever (≥37·5°C axillary or ≥38·0°C tympanic) or reporting fever for three consecutive days within the previous 7 days were invited to participate. Typhoid fever was ascertained by culture of blood collected upon enrolment. Disease incidence at the population level was estimated using a Bayesian mixture model.

Findings

27 866 (33·8%) of 82 491 participants who met inclusion criteria were recruited. Blood cultures were performed for 27 544 (98·8%) of enrolled participants. Clinically significant organisms were detected in 2136 (7·7%) of these cultures, and 346 (16·2%) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi were isolated. The overall adjusted incidence per 100 000 person-years of observation was highest in Kavuaya and Nkandu 1, Democratic Republic of the Congo (315, 95% credible interval 254-390). Overall, 46 (16·4%) of 280 tested isolates showed ciprofloxacin non-susceptibility.

Interpretation

High disease incidence (ie, >100 per 100 000 person-years of observation) recorded in four countries, the prevalence of typhoid hospitalisations and complicated disease, and the threat of resistant typhoid strains strengthen the need for rapid dispatch and implementation of effective typhoid conjugate vaccines along with measures designed to improve clean water, sanitation, and hygiene practices.

Funding

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

SUBMITTER: Marks F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10951957 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Incidence of typhoid fever in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, and Nigeria (the Severe Typhoid in Africa programme): a population-based study.

Marks Florian F Im Justin J Park Se Eun SE Pak Gi Deok GD Jeon Hyon Jin HJ Wandji Nana Lady Rosny LR Phoba Marie-France MF Mbuyi-Kalonji Lisette L Mogeni Ondari D OD Yeshitela Biruk B Panzner Ursula U Cruz Espinoza Ligia María LM Beyene Tigist T Owusu-Ansah Michael M Twumasi-Ankrah Sampson S Yeshambaw Melese M Alemu Ashenafi A Adewusi Oluwafemi J OJ Adekanmbi Olukemi O Higginson Ellen E Adepoju Akinlolu A Agbi Sarah S Cakpo Enoch G EG Ogunleye Veronica O VO Tunda Gaëlle Nkoji GN Ikhimiukor Odion O OO Mbuyamba Jules J Toy Trevor T Agyapong Francis Opoku FO Osei Isaac I Amuasi John J Razafindrabe Tsiriniaina Jean Luco TJL Raminosoa Tiana Mirana TM Nyirenda Gabriel G Randriamampionona Njariharinjakampionona N Seo Hyeong Won HW Seo Hyejin H Siribie Mohamadou M Carey Megan E ME Owusu Michael M Meyer Christian G CG Rakotozandrindrainy Ndrainaharimira N Sarpong Nimarko N Razafindrakalia Mathilde M Razafimanantsoa Ravomialisoa R Ouedraogo Moussa M Kim Yeonseon J YJ Lee Jooah J Zellweger Raphaël M RM Kang Sophie S Y SSY Park Ju Yeon JY Crump John A JA Hardy Liselotte L Jacobs Jan J Garrett Denise O DO Andrews Jason R JR Poudyal Nimesh N Kim Deok Ryun DR Clemens John D JD Baker Stephen G SG Kim Jerome H JH Dougan Gordon G Sugimoto Jonathan D JD Van Puyvelde Sandra S Kehinde Aderemi A Popoola Oluwafemi A OA Mogasale Vittal V Breiman Robert F RF MacWright William R WR Aseffa Abraham A Tadesse Birkneh Tilahun BT Haselbeck Andrea A Adu-Sarkodie Yaw Y Teferi Mekonnen M Bassiahi Abdramane Soura AS Okeke Iruka N IN Lunguya-Metila Octavie O Owusu-Dabo Ellis E Rakotozandrindrainy Raphaël R

The Lancet. Global health 20240401 4

<h4>Background</h4>Typhoid Fever remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. The Severe Typhoid in Africa programme was designed to address regional gaps in typhoid burden data and identify populations eligible for interventions using novel typhoid conjugate vaccines.<h4>Methods</h4>A hybrid design, hospital-based prospective surveillance with population-based health-care utilisation surveys, was implemented in six countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients presenting ...[more]

PMID: 38485427

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Dataset Information

Incidence of typhoid fever in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, and Nigeria (the Severe Typhoid in Africa programme): a population-based study.

Background

Methods

Findings

Interpretation

Funding

Publications

Incidence of typhoid fever in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, and Nigeria (the Severe Typhoid in Africa programme): a population-based study.

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