Current postoperative nutritional practice after pancreatoduodenectomy in the UK: national survey and snapshot audit.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Halle-Smith JM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10957164 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Current postoperative nutritional practice after pancreatoduodenectomy in the UK: national survey and snapshot audit.
Halle-Smith James M JM Pathak Samir S Frampton Adam A Pandanaboyana Sanjay S Sutcliffe Robert P RP Davidson Brian R BR Smith Andrew M AM Roberts Keith J KJ
BJS open 20240301 2
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Project description:To establish a baseline of national practice for follow-up after treatment for gynaecological cancer. Questionnaire survey. Gynaecological cancer centres and units. Members of the British Gynaecological Cancer Society and the National Forum of Gynaecological Oncology Nurses. A questionnaire survey. To determine schedules of follow-up, who provides it and what routine testing is used for patients who have had previous gynaecological cancer. A total of 117 responses were obtained; 115 (98%) reported hospital scheduled regular follow-up appointments. Two involved general practitioners. Follow-up was augmented or replaced by telephone follow-up in 29 responses (25%) and patient-initiated appointments in 38 responses (32%). A total of 80 (68%) cancer specialists also offered combined follow-up clinics with other specialties. Clinical examinations for hospital-based follow-up were mainly performed by doctors (67% for scheduled regular appointments and 63% for patient-initiated appointments) while telephone follow-up was provided in the majority by nurses (76%). Most respondents (76/117 (65%)) provided routine tests, of which 66/76 (87%) reported carrying out surveillance tests for ovarian cancer, 35/76 (46%) for cervical cancer, 8/76 (11%) for vulval cancer and 7/76 (9%) for endometrial cancer. Patients were usually discharged after 5 years (82/117 (70%)), whereas three (3%) were discharged after 4 years, nine (8%) after three years and one (1%) after 2 years. Practice varied but most used a standard hospital-based protocol of appointments for 5 years and routine tests were performed usually for women with ovarian cancer. A minority utilised nurse-led or telephone follow-up. General practitioners were rarely involved in routine care. A randomised study comparing various models of follow-up could be considered.
| S-EPMC3731722 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesIndividuals with chronic hypoparathyroidism may experience suboptimal medical care with high frequency of unplanned hospitalisation and iatrogenic harm. In 2015 the European Society for Endocrinology published consensus guidelines on the management of chronic hypoparathyroidism. We set out to audit compliance with these guidelines.MethodsUsing these recommendations as audit standards we worked with the Society for Endocrinology and Parathyroid UK to conduct a national audit of management of chronic hypoparathyroidism in the United Kingdom. Endocrine leads in 117 endocrine departments were invited to participate in the survey by completing a data collection tool on up to 5 sequential cases of chronic hypoparathyroidism seen in their outpatient clinics in the preceding 12 months. Data were collected on 4 treatment standards and 9 monitoring standards. Data on hospitalisations and Quality of Life monitoring were also collected.ResultsResponses were received from 22 departments giving a response rate of 19%, concerning 80 individual cases. The mean age of subjects was 48.4 years. The main findings were that the commonest cause of hypoparathyroidism was post surgical (66.3%). Treatments taken by the group included activated vitamin D analogues (96.3%), oral calcium salts (66.3%), vitamin D supplements (17.5%), thiazide diuretics (5%) and rhPTH1-34 (1.3%). Compliance with the audit standards varied between 98.8% and 60% for the treatment standards and between 91.3% and 20% for the monitoring standards. Some of the areas of weakness revealed include low rates of 24 h urinary calcium excretion monitoring, serum magnesium monitoring and low rates of renal imaging where indicated. In addition and importantly, 16.3% of subjects had experienced at least one hospital admission in the preceding 12 months.ConclusionWe conclude that further improvements in the UK national standard of management of chronic hypoparathyroidism should be made and that this will benefit both quality of life, morbidity and potentially mortality in this group of patients.
| S-EPMC9795987 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundType A aortic dissection repair is one of the most common emergency cardiac surgical procedures undertaken in the UK and has a high mortality. Early diagnosis and prompt surgery by an expert cardiac surgical team is crucial. Little is known about the patient's journey from first symptoms until surgery.MethodsThe Association for Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care undertook a prospective national audit of the management of type A aortic dissection in the UK.ResultsThe details of 334 patients with type A aortic dissection were reported by 28 UK cardiac centres over 12 months. Median (IQR [range]) time from onset of symptoms until arrival in an emergency department was 2.3 (1.4-4.7 [0.1-491.6]) h. Median (IQR [range]) time between arrival in the emergency department and the start of surgery was 9.5 (6.1-18.2 [0.8-363.5]) h. Delays in diagnosis and transfers were reported in 158 (47.3%) patients. Fifty-two patients (15.6%) had an initial misdiagnosis. The condition of 56 patients (16.8%) deteriorated clinically before arrival in the operating theatre. A medical doctor accompanied 50 patients (15.0%) during transfer. Sixty-four patients (19.2%) died in hospital with 41 (12.3%) dying within the first 5 days after surgery.ConclusionsThis audit provides a snapshot of current practice for patients with type A aortic dissection in the UK. Our findings show the acuity, clinical severity and vulnerability of patients with type A aortic dissection, and the deficits in the process of diagnosis and the quality of transfer. This audit demonstrates the need for the implementation of comprehensive, regionally governed, interdisciplinary medical management for every patient with type A aortic dissection.
| S-EPMC11825214 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNo data are currently available regarding the current clinical practice in postoperative care of cardiac surgical patients in Austria.ObjectiveThe study investigated the current intensive care management concerning hemodynamic monitoring and strategies to treat common perioperative disorders of patients after cardiac surgery in Austria.MethodsA survey consisting of 31 questions was sent to intensivists at all 9 hospitals offering cardiac surgery in Austria.ResultsThe response rate was 100%. The mean number of procedures on cardiopulmonary bypass per centre was 722 ± 223. In the majority of cases postoperative critical care is performed by anesthesiologists. Blood gas analysis, pulse oximetry, electrocardiogram, temperature, central venous pressure, arterial pressure and hourly urine output are de facto standard monitoring in all centers. Transesophageal echocardiography is available in all centers and is frequently used. Crystalloids are the first choice for volume replacement, whereas levosimendan and adrenaline are employed for the treatment of low cardiac output syndrome.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into the current state of postoperative management of cardiac surgical patients in Austria. Standard monitoring as proposed by international guidelines is well established in Austrian intensive care units. Echocardiography is widely seen as a very important tool in the postoperative care of cardiac surgical patients. Knowledge about the status quo of postoperative intensive care management of cardiac surgical patients enables further development of patient care.
| S-EPMC6290729 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PURPOSE: To determine current knowledge and opinion on revalidation, and methods of cataract surgery audit in Scotland and to outline the current and future possibilities for electronic cataract surgery audit. METHODS: In 2010 we conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, Scottish-wide survey on revalidation knowledge and opinion, and cataract audit practice among all senior NHS ophthalmologists. Results were anonymised and recorded manually for analysis. RESULTS: In all, 61% of the ophthalmologists surveyed took part. Only 33% felt ready to take part in revalidation, whereas 76% felt they did not have adequate information about the process. Also, 71% did not feel revalidation would improve patient care, but 85% agreed that cataract surgery audit is essential for ophthalmic practice. In addition, 91% audit their cataract outcomes; 52% do so continuously. Further, 63% audit their subspecialist surgical results. Only 25% audit their cataract surgery practice electronically, and only 12% collect clinical data using a hospital PAS system. Funding and system incompatibility were the main reasons cited for the lack of electronic audit setup. Currently, eight separate hospital IT patient administration systems are used across 14 health boards in Scotland. CONCLUSION: Revalidation is set to commence in 2012. The Royal College of Ophthalmologists will use cataract outcome audit as a tool to ensure surgical competency for the process. Retrospective manual auditing of cataract outcome is time consuming, and can be avoided with an electronic system. Scottish ophthalmologists view revalidation with scepticism and appear to have inadequate knowledge of the process. However, they strongly agree with the concept of cataract surgery audit. The existing and future electronic applications that may support surgical audit are commercial electronic records, web-based applications, centrally funded software applications, and robust NHS connections between community and hospital.
| S-EPMC3213660 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundShoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal presentation, with disorders of the rotator cuff (RC) regarded as the most frequent cause. Conservative treatment is often the initial management; however, findings from a previous survey showed considerable variations in clinical practice, including the use of modalities that are not supported in the literature, suggesting that research is not impacting on practice. The present study aimed to survey current UK physiotherapy practice for the management of RC disorders and to determine whether this has changed over the 5-year period since the last survey was conducted.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey of UK physiotherapists was conducted.ResultsOne hundred and ninety-one respondents completed the survey which showed that advice/education and some form of exercise therapy are most commonly used as a management strategy for RC disorders. There is a lack of agreement however regarding exercise prescription. The survey suggests less use of passive modalities, indicating that practice has advanced over the last 5 years in line with the current evidence.ConclusionsThe present study has highlighted that the clinical practice of the survey respondents was in line with current recommendations from research. Hence, in contrast to the survey conducted 5 years previously, research appears to be impacting on practice, which is a positive finding.
| S-EPMC5734529 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and methodsTracheostomy is a common procedure in intensive care patient management. The aim of this study was to capture the practice of tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units in the United Kingdom. A postal survey was sent to the lead clinicians of 228 general intensive care units (ICUs) throughout the United Kingdom excluding specialist units. We aimed to identify the current practice of tracheostomy, including timing of insertion, equipment used and post-operative care and follow-up.ResultsA response rate of 86.84% was achieved. Percutaneous tracheostomy continues to be favoured over surgical tracheostomy with less than 8% of ICUs opting for surgical tracheostomies > 50% of the time. 89% of units required only 2 operators to perform the technique and single stage dilatation is the technique of choice in 83% of units. The Ciaglia technique, which was strongly favoured less than a decade ago, is currently practiced in less than 5% of ICUs. Bronchoscopic guidance is an important adjunct to the technique of percutaneous tracheostomy with 80% of units using it routinely. Follow-up care of patients remains poor with 59% of ICUs not having routine follow-up once the patient has left the unit.ConclusionThe practice of percutaneous tracheostomy remains the preferred technique within the UK. There seems to be a growing preference for single stage dilatational techniques. Timing of tracheostomy remains variable despite evidence to suggest benefit from an earlier procedure. Follow-up of tracheostomised patients after discharge from ICU is still low, which may mean significant morbidity from the procedure is being missed.
| S-EPMC2583967 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate sedation practice in UK intensive care units (ICUs), particularly the implementation of daily sedation holding, written sedation guidelines, sedation scoring tools and choice of agents.MethodsA national postal survey was conducted in all UK ICUs.ResultsA total of 192 responses out of 302 addressed units were received (63.5%). Of the responding ICUs, 88% used a sedation scoring tool, most frequently the Ramsey Sedation Scale score (66.4%). The majority of units have a written sedation guideline (80%), and 78% state that daily sedation holding is practiced. A wide variety of sedating agents is used, with the choice of agent largely determined by the duration of action rather than cost. The most frequently used agents were propofol and alfentanil for short-term sedation; propofol, midazolam and morphine for longer sedation; and propofol for weaning purposes.ConclusionsMost UK ICUs use a sedation guideline and sedation scoring tool. The concept of sedation holding has been implemented in the majority of units, and most ICUs have a written sedation guideline.
| S-EPMC2646317 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveA gap between clinical practice and evidence is common. The present multicentre study was designed to explore the actual postoperative fasting practice, including the instructed fasting time from the ward staff and the actual postoperative fasting time.DesignMulticentre survey.SettingFour tertiary hospitals in Shenzhen City, China.ParticipantsA total of 988 patients completed a survey on instructed and actual postoperative fasting.OutcomesAll patients received postoperative instructed fasting time from the ward staff. The median instructed fasting time for fluids from ward staff was 6 hours (IQR, 4-6 hours), and the median instructed fasting time for solid food was also 6 hours (IQR 5-6 hours) after surgery. The actual postoperative fasting time, including fluid and solid food intake, was significantly longer than the time recommended by the ward staff (both p<0.001).ResultsThe median time to postoperative first flatus (FFL) was 16.5 hours (IQR 8-25.5 hours), and the median time to postoperative first faeces (FFE) was 41 hours (IQR 25-57 hours). The fasting time was significantly shorter than the time to FFL and the time to FFE, regardless of surgery type or anaesthesia type (all p<0.001). Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) occurred in 23.6% of patients. After surgery, 58.70% of patients reported thirst, and 47.47% reported hunger. No ileus occurred.ConclusionApproximately half of the patients reported thirst and hunger postoperatively. Patients initiated oral intake earlier than the time to FFL or FFE without increasing serious complications. This study may support the rationale for interventions targeting postoperative oral intake time in future studies.
| S-EPMC9272104 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAlthough international newborn resuscitation guidance has been in force for some time, there are no UK data on current newborn resuscitation practices.ObjectiveEstablish delivery room (DR) resuscitation practices in the UK, and identify any differences between neonatal intensive care units (NICU), and other local neonatal services.MethodsWe conducted a structured two-stage survey of DR management, among UK neonatal units during 2009-2010 (n=192). Differences between NICU services (tertiary level) and other local neonatal services (non-tertiary) were analysed using Fisher's exact and Student's t-tests.ResultsThere was an 89% response rate (n=171). More tertiary NICUs institute DR CPAP than non-tertiary units (43% vs. 16%, P=0.0001) though there was no significant difference in frequency of elective intubation and surfactant administration for preterm babies. More tertiary units commence DR resuscitation in air (62% vs. 29%, P<0.0001) and fewer in 100% oxygen (11% vs. 41%, P<0.0001). Resuscitation of preterm babies in particular, commences with air in 56% of tertiary units. Significantly more tertiary units use DR pulse oximeters (58% vs. 29%, P<0.01) and titrate oxygen based on saturations. Almost all services use occlusive wrapping to maintain temperature for preterm infants.ConclusionsIn the UK, there are many areas of good evidence based DR practice. However, there is marked variation in management, including between units of different designation, suggesting a need to review practice to fulfil new resuscitation guidance, which will have training and resource implications.
| S-EPMC3350052 | biostudies-literature