SlWRKY80-mediated jasmonic acid pathway positively regulates tomato resistance to saline–alkali stress by enhancing spermidine content and stabilizing Na+/K+ homeostasis
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC10980716 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Leymus chinensis (L. chinensis) is the dominant plant in the eastern margins of the Eurasian temperate grasslands. It is a very robust species, exhibiting good saline-alkali resistance and stabilizing soil. In this study, 67 soil samples and L. chinensis were collected in western Jilin province, China. The contents of N, P, K, S, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu and Na were measured, revealing that the growth of L. chinensis was mainly restricted by N based on the stoichiometric N: P ratios of plant. Furthermore, path analysis indicated that N was significantly correlated with K, S, Cu, and Zn. Imbalances in the homeostasis of these four elements may thus constrain N. The homeostasis index of Cu (HCu) in sites with 100%-70% of vegetation cover was only 0.79, it was classified as a sensitive element. However, K, S and Zn, whose concentrations in L. chinensis were significantly related to those of N, exhibited no homeostatic characteristics. These results suggest that when seeking to treat saline-alkali stress, it is important to add fertilizers containing K, S, and Zn to avoid growth limitation. Na+, an ion associated with high soil alkalinity, exhibited weak homeostasis in L. chinensis even in sites with only 40%-10% of vegetation cover. When soil Na exceeded 16000 mg/kg, the homeostasis mechanism of L. chinensis appeared to be overwhelmed, resulting in rapid and probably harmful accumulation of Na. Proper control of N content can alleviate the toxicity of Na stress in L. chinensis and enhance its Na tolerance. Together, these results suggest that combined fertilization with N, K, S, Zn and Cu should be applied to improve grasslands growth. The results of this study can provide a reference basis for sustainable grassland management.
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Project description:Promoting the growth of plants and improving plant stress-resistance by plant growth-promoting microorganism increasingly become a hotpot. While, most researchers focus on their supply role of nutrition or plant hormone. In this study, a novel mechanism that phosphate solubilizing microorganisms promoted plant growth under saline-alkali stress through secretion of organic acids, was proposed. The effects of desulfurization gypsum, humic acid, organic fertilizer and phosphate-solubilizing microorganism Penicillium funicuiosum P1 (KX400570) on the growth of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa cv. Longli 1), showed that the survival rate, stem length and dry weight of quinoa treated with P1 were 2.5, 1.5, 1 and 1.5 times higher than those of sterile water (CK) under severe saline-alkali stress. The growth-promoting effect of P1 on quinoa was much better than that of other treatment groups. In addition, P1 promoted the growth of quinoa because the organic acids (malic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, etc.) from P1 stimulated the antioxidant system and promote the photosynthesis of quinoa, further promote quinoa growth.
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Project description:Saline-alkaline stress is one of several major abiotic stresses in crop production. Exogenous spermidine (Spd) can effectively increase tomato saline-alkaline stress resistance by relieving membrane lipid peroxidation damage. However, the mechanism through which exogenous Spd pre-treatment triggers the tomato antioxidant system to resist saline-alkaline stress remains unclear. Whether H2O2 and polyamine oxidase (PAO) are involved in Spd-induced tomato saline-alkaline stress tolerance needs to be determined. Here, we investigated the role of PAO and H2O2 in exogenous Spd-induced tolerance of tomato to saline-alkaline stress. Results showed that Spd application increased the expression and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and the ratio of reduced ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents under saline-alkaline stress condition. Exogenous Spd treatment triggered endogenous H2O2 levels, SlPAO4 gene expression, as well as PAO activity under normal conditions. Inhibiting endogenous PAO activity by 1,8-diaminooctane (1,8-DO, an inhibitor of polyamine oxidase) significantly reduced H2O2 levels in the later stage. Moreover, inhibiting endogenous PAO or silencing the SlPAO4 gene increased the peroxidation damage of tomato leaves under saline-alkaline stress. These findings indicated that exogenous Spd treatment stimulated SlPAO4 gene expression and increased PAO activity, which mediated the elevation of H2O2 level under normal conditions. Consequently, the downstream antioxidant system was activated to eliminate excessive ROS accumulation and relieve membrane lipid peroxidation damage and growth inhibition under saline-alkaline stress. In conclusion, PAO triggered H2O2-mediated Spd-induced increase in the tolerance of tomato to saline-alkaline stress.
| S-EPMC8836047 | biostudies-literature