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Subclinical variations on ECG and their associations with structural brain aging networks.

ABSTRACT: Impaired cardiac function is associated with cognitive impairment and brain imaging features of aging. Cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, are implicated in clinical and subclinical brain injuries. Even in the absence of a clinical diagnosis, subclinical or prodromal substrates of arrhythmias, including an abnormally long or short P-wave duration (PWD), a measure associated with atrial abnormalities, have been associated with stroke and cognitive decline. However, the extent to which PWD has subclinical influences on overall aging patterns of the brain is not clearly understood. Here, using neuroimaging and ECG data from the UK Biobank, we use a novel regional "brain age" method to identify the brain aging networks associated with abnormal PWD. We find that PWD is inversely associated with accelerated brain aging in the sensorimotor, frontoparietal, ventral attention, and dorsal attention networks, even in the absence of overt cardiac diseases. These findings suggest that detrimental aging outcomes may result from subclinically abnormal PWD.

SUBMITTER: Haddad E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10984068 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Subclinical variations on ECG and their associations with structural brain aging networks.

Haddad Elizabeth E Matloff William W Park Gilsoon G Liu Mengting M Jahanshad Neda N Kim Ho Sung HS

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 20240319

Impaired cardiac function is associated with cognitive impairment and brain imaging features of aging. Cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, are implicated in clinical and subclinical brain injuries. Even in the absence of a clinical diagnosis, subclinical or prodromal substrates of arrhythmias, including an abnormally long or short P-wave duration (PWD), a measure associated with atrial abnormalities, have been associated with stroke and cognitive decline. However, the extent to w ...[more]

PMID: 38562784

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Project description:ImportanceIdentifying brain regions associated with risk factors for dementia could guide mechanistic understanding of risk factors associated with Alzheimer disease (AD).ObjectivesTo characterize volume changes in brain regions associated with aging and modifiable risk factors for dementia (MRFD) and to test whether volume differences in these regions are associated with cognitive performance.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study used data from UK Biobank participants who underwent T1-weighted structural brain imaging from August 5, 2014, to October 14, 2016. A voxelwise linear model was applied to test for regional gray matter volume differences associated with aging and MRFD (ie, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and frequent alcohol use). The potential clinical relevance of these associations was explored by comparing their neuroanatomical distributions with the regional brain atrophy found with AD. Mediation models for risk factors, brain volume differences, and cognitive measures were tested. The primary hypothesis was that common, overlapping regions would be found. Primary analysis was conducted on April 1, 2018.Main outcomes and measuresGray matter regions that showed relative atrophy associated with AD, aging, and greater numbers of MRFD.ResultsAmong 8312 participants (mean [SD] age, 62.4 [7.4] years; 3959 [47.1%] men), aging and 4 major MRFD (ie, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and frequent alcohol use) had independent negative associations with specific gray matter volumes. These regions overlapped neuroanatomically with those showing lower volumes in participants with AD, including the posterior cingulate cortex, the thalamus, the hippocampus, and the orbitofrontal cortex. Associations between these MRFD and spatial memory were mediated by differences in posterior cingulate cortex volume (β = 0.0014; SE = 0.0006; P = .02).Conclusions and relevanceThis cross-sectional study identified differences in localized brain gray matter volume associated with aging and MRFD, suggesting regional vulnerabilities. These differences appeared relevant to cognitive performance even among people considered cognitively healthy.

Dataset Information

Subclinical variations on ECG and their associations with structural brain aging networks.

Publications

Subclinical variations on ECG and their associations with structural brain aging networks.

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