Dataset Information

Adverse childhood experiences and crime outcomes in early adulthood: A multi-method approach in a Brazilian birth cohort.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate alternative approaches to a cumulative risk score in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and crime. Using data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort (n = 3236), we measured 12 ACEs up to 15 years, and past-year violent and non-violent crime at 22 years. We used four analytical approaches: single adversities, cumulative risk, latent class analysis, and network analysis. When examined individually, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and domestic violence were associated with both crime outcomes, whereas maternal mental illness and discrimination were associated with violent crime only, and parental divorce and poverty with non-violent crime only. There was a cumulative effect of ACEs on crime. The class with child maltreatment and household challenges was associated with both crime outcomes; exposure to household challenges and social risks was associated with violent crime only. In network models, crime showed conditional associations with physical abuse, maternal mental illness, and parental divorce. Although cumulative ACEs did associate with crime, some individual and combinations of ACEs showed particularly strong and robust effects, which were not captured by the cumulative score. Many ACEs are closely connected and/or cluster together, and the usefulness of the ACE score needs to be further evaluated.

SUBMITTER: Bauer A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10985840 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adverse childhood experiences and crime outcomes in early adulthood: A multi-method approach in a Brazilian birth cohort.

Bauer Andreas A Martins Rafaela Costa RC Hammerton Gemma G Hoffmann Maurício Scopel MS Cardoso Andressa Souza AS Colvara Camila C Hartmann Clarissa Fialho CF Calegaro Gabriel G Perrone Luciana Rodrigues LR Aurélio Nilvia N Menezes Ana M B AMB Murray Joseph J

Psychiatry research 20240219

This study aimed to investigate alternative approaches to a cumulative risk score in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and crime. Using data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort (n = 3236), we measured 12 ACEs up to 15 years, and past-year violent and non-violent crime at 22 years. We used four analytical approaches: single adversities, cumulative risk, latent class analysis, and network analysis. When examined individually, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and ...[more]

PMID: 38401487

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Project description:BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are negatively associated with a range of child health outcomes. In this study, we explored associations between five individual ACEs and child mental health diagnoses or symptoms. ACEs included living with someone who had an alcohol-related problem, common mental health disorder or serious mental illness, or experienced victimisation or death of a household member.MethodsWe analysed data from a population-level electronic cohort of children in Wales, UK, (N = 191,035) between the years of 1998 and 2012. We used Cox regression with discrete time-varying exposure variables to model time to child mental health diagnosis during the first 15 years of life. Child mental health diagnoses include five categories: (i) externalising symptoms (anti-social behaviour), (ii) internalising symptoms (stress, anxiety, depression), (iii) developmental delay (e.g. learning disability), (iv) other (e.g. eating disorder, personality disorders), and (v) any mental health diagnosis, which was created by combining externalising symptoms, internalising symptoms and other. Our analyses were adjusted for social deprivation and perinatal risk factors.ResultsThere were strong univariable associations between the five individual ACEs, sociodemographic and perinatal factors (e.g. gestational weight at birth) and an increased risk of child mental health diagnoses. After adjusting for sociodemographic and perinatal aspects, there was a remaining conditional increased risk of any child mental health diagnosis, associated with victimisation (conditional hazard ratio (cHR) 1.90, CI 95% 1.34-2.69), and living with an adult with a common mental health diagnosis (cHR 1.63, CI 95% 1.52-1.75). Coefficients of product terms between ACEs and deprivation were not statistically significant.ConclusionThe increased risk of child mental health diagnosis associated with victimisation, or exposure to common mental health diagnoses, and alcohol problems in the household supports the need for policy measures and intervention strategies for children and their families.

Project description:BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have lasting effects on adult health and survival. In this study, we aimed to examine how the cumulative number and clustering patterns of ACEs were related to premature mortality.MethodsParticipants (N=46 129; 45% White, 48% Black; 49·5% females) were offspring (born in 1959-1966) of participants enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). We conducted latent class analysis to examine the clustering patterns of ACEs assessed between children's birth and age seven. We also calculated the cumulative ACE scores of 13 individual ACEs. Cox regression models were used to examine the associations of ACE clusters and scores with risk of premature mortality from adolescence to mid-adulthood.FindingsAt the start of the follow-up for mortality in 1979, participants were 12-20 years old (Mean=15·99 years), and within the 38-year follow-up through 2016, 3 344 deaths were observed among the 46 129 CPP offspring. Five latent classes of ACEs were identified. Compared to children with Low Adversity (48% of the sample), children in Family Instability (9%, HR=1·28, 95%CI 1·07-1·53), Poverty & Crowded Housing (21%, HR=1·41, 95%CI 1·24-1·62), and Poverty & Parental Separation (19%, HR=1·50, 95%CI 1·33-1·68) classes had higher hazards of premature mortality. In addition, children with 2 (HR=1·27, 95%CI 1·14-1·41), 3 (HR=1·29, 95%CI 1·15-1·45), and 4+ (HR=1·45, 95%CI 1·30-1·61) ACEs had higher hazards of mortality than those with no ACE. The clusters of Poverty & Crowded Housing (HR=1·28, 95%CI 1·10-1·49) and Poverty & Parental Separation (HR=1·23, 95%CI 1·02-1·48) remained associated with higher risk of premature mortality, beyond the cumulative risk of higher number of ACEs (HR=1·05, 95%CI 1·01-1·08).InterpretationAbout half of the CPP cohort experienced early life adversities that clustered into four distinct patterns, which were associated with different risk of premature mortality. It is important to deepen our understanding of how specific clusters of childhood adversities affect health and premature mortality to better inform approaches to prevention and interventions.

Dataset Information

Adverse childhood experiences and crime outcomes in early adulthood: A multi-method approach in a Brazilian birth cohort.

Publications

Adverse childhood experiences and crime outcomes in early adulthood: A multi-method approach in a Brazilian birth cohort.

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