The relationship between interoceptive emotional awareness, neuroticism, and depression, anxiety, and stress
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Grimble N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11020380 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:A number of empirical and theoretical reports link altered interoceptive processing to anxiety. However, the mechanistic understanding of the relationship between the two remains poor. We propose that a heightened sensibility for interoceptive signals, combined with a difficulty in attributing these sensations to emotions, increases an individual's vulnerability to anxiety. In order to investigate this, a large sample of general population adults were recruited and completed self-report measures of interoceptive sensibility, trait anxiety and alexithymia. Results confirmed that the positive association between interoceptive sensibility and trait anxiety was partially mediated by alexithymia, such that those most at risk for clinically significant levels of trait anxiety have both significantly higher levels of interoceptive sensibility and alexithymia. A subsequent factor analysis confirmed the independence of the three measures. Altered interoceptive processing in combination with alexithymia, increased the risk for anxiety above and beyond altered interoceptive processing alone. We suggest that a heightened sensibility for interoceptive signals, combined with a difficulty in attributing these sensations to emotions, leaves these sensations vulnerable to catastrophizing interpretation. Interventions that target the attribution of bodily sensations may prove valuable in reducing anxiety.
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Project description:Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental speech disorder associated with motor timing that differs from non-stutterers. While neurodevelopmental disorders impacted by timing are associated with compromised auditory-motor integration and interoception, the interplay between those abilities and stuttering remains unexplored. Here, we studied the relationships between speech auditory-motor synchronization (a proxy for auditory-motor integration), interoceptive awareness, and self-reported stuttering severity using remotely delivered assessments. Results indicate that in general, stutterers and non-stutterers exhibit similar auditory-motor integration and interoceptive abilities. However, while speech auditory-motor synchrony (i.e., integration) and interoceptive awareness were not related, speech synchrony was inversely related to the speaker's perception of stuttering severity as perceived by others, and interoceptive awareness was inversely related to self-reported stuttering impact. These findings support claims that stuttering is a heterogeneous, multi-faceted disorder such that uncorrelated auditory-motor integration and interoception measurements predicted different aspects of stuttering, suggesting two unrelated sources of timing differences associated with the disorder.
| S-EPMC9120354 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Interoception, the ability to perceive internal bodily signals, involves various mental processes. This study investigated moments when individuals experienced a change in their interoceptive state. Interoception affects the subjective feelings of emotions. However, whether changes in interoceptive processing occur when visceral changes are perceived as interoceptive sensations remains unclear. This study examined the psychophysiological markers of perceptual changes in the interoceptive state using heartbeat evoked potentials (HEP). Emotional photos were viewed by participants who were asked whether they experienced changes in their interoceptive state. The results showed that the HEP amplitude increased when participants had subjective awareness of changes in their interoceptive state. Notably, the HEP amplitude did not correlate with individual differences in interoceptive accuracy measured by the heartbeat counting task. When individuals perceive changes in their interoceptive state, this perception is reflected in the HEP amplitude. Multiple aspects of interoception are related to the emotional recognition and conscious attention to changing bodily states.
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6426667 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between neuroticism, hopelessness, and depression among older Korean immigrants. To extend this line of research, this study aimed to examine the effects of neuroticism and hopelessness in predicting depression among older Korean immigrants.MethodsData for this study came from a survey of 220 first generation Korean immigrants aged 65 years or older in Los Angeles County in 2012. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with trained social workers using a structured questionnaire translated into Korean. All interviews were conducted in Korean. The neuroticism sub-scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was used to assess neuroticism (EPQN). Hopelessness was measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Depression was measured by the 20-item Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale.ResultsThe study found that age (β = .26, p< .01), gender (β = -.13, p< .01), income (β = -.13, p< .01), neuroticism (β = .51, p< .01), and hopelessness (β = .15, p< .01) were significant predictors of depression.ConclusionThe study provides preventive strategies that would help in the development of depression-reduction services or programs for the population, especially for those living with neuroticism and hopelessness.
| S-EPMC4699713 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Social frailty refers to an inability to meet basic social needs and has been identified as a threat to physical and mental health. Although social frailty has been linked with many adverse health and well-being outcomes, potential mediators of the relationship between social frailty and well-being remain poorly understood. Emotion regulation refers to the capacity to alter the experience of emotions to behave in accordance with a desired goal. The present study was designed to provide the first direct test of whether emotion regulation mediates the relationships between social frailty and important well-being outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression). A total of 790 participants completed validated measures of social frailty, stress, anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation. In line with our preregistered hypotheses, higher social frailty predicted increased stress, anxiety, and depression, and each of these relationships were partially mediated by emotion regulation capacity. These data provide novel evidence that emotion regulation abilities may serve as a protective factor against the negative consequences of social frailty.
| S-EPMC10119122 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Poor emotional awareness (EA) seems to play an important role in the aetiology of functional somatic complaints featuring pain as a form of somatisation. The aim of this study was to shed more light on this relationship by investigating the links between pain, somatisation, and emotional awareness in a nonclinical population of 445 children aged 6-10. Assessing pain through the Children's Somatisation Inventory (CSI), a very high percentage of the entire sample complained of experiencing pain at least one site (84.07%) over the preceding 2 weeks. Although no difference in the prevalence of pain (whole) was found when the sample was subdivided by Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale-Children (LEAS-C), a relationship between low level of LEAS-Self and prevalence of headache (H) was detected (χ2=7.69, p=0.02). LEAS (Self) was correlated with the intensity of back pain (BP) (r=-0.12; p< 0.05), H (r=-0.12; p< 0.05) but not with abdominal pain (AP). Pain worsened QoL, and the greatest negative correlation with total KidScreen-10 was found for abdominal pain (r=-0.14; p< 0.01). Our results suggest that low EA is a predictor of somatisation, BP severity, H, and severity of pain in general, but not AP.
| S-EPMC6260528 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDietary fatty acids can affect brain health by modifying neuronal membrane fluidity. Dietary lipophilic index (LI) and load (LL) may be related to cell membrane fluidity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary LI and LL with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, taken from the YaHS (Yazd Health Study) population-based cohort, the data of 2,982 individuals was extracted. Several questionnaires- a 178-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)- were used to obtain information on dietary intake, mental status, and physical activity, respectively. LI and LL were calculated using dietary intake and the melting point of each fatty acid.ResultsThe analysis was performed on 2982 individuals. The odds ratio of depression in the second tertile of dietary LI compared to the first tertile was 0.815 (95% CI 0.66-1.00, P = 0.051, Ptrend = 0.017) and after adjusting confounders was 0.793 (95% CI 0.63-0.99, P = 0.043, Ptrend = 0.011). Also, LL was related inversely with anxiety (0.771, 95% CI 0.63-0.93, P = 0.003) that after multiple regression, OR of anxiety was 0.762 (95% CI 0.53-1.07, P = 0.045). The odds of stress in the third tertile of LL was 1.064 but not statistically significant (95% CI 0.88-1.28, P = 0.729).ConclusionThis study showed an inverse association between dietary LI and depression symptoms. Anxiety and stress did not show a significant relationship with LI or LL.
| S-EPMC10523600 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundA few studies have been conducted on the relationship between cerebellar volume and emotional memory or clinical severity in major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we aimed to compare the volume and density of the cerebellar gray matter (GM) in patients with MDD and in healthy controls (HCs) and explore the association between these cerebellar parameters and measurements of emotional memory and clinical severity.MethodVoxel-based morphometry (VBM) and Individual Brain Atlases using Statistical Parametric Mapping (IBASPM) were used to assess GM density and volume in the cerebellum, respectively, in patients with MDD and the HCs. Indicators of emotional memory performance were measured, including the hit rate (HR), rate of false alarm (FA), precision (Pr = HR - FA) and emotional memory enhancement [∆Pr = Pr(emotion) - Pr(neutral)] values. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores were used to measure the severity of depression.ResultsIn the patients with MDD, the GM density was decreased in three cerebellar cortical regions and increased in three cerebellar cortical regions (p < .005). The GM volumes in eight cerebellar cortical regions were significantly smaller in the patients with MDD than in the HC subjects (p < .05). In the patients with MDD, the GM volume was correlated with the ∆Pr (p < .05) in two cerebellar cortical regions. The BDI scores were significantly correlated with the relative GM densities (p < .05) in 5 cerebellar cortical regions, and the GM volumes in 13 cerebellar cortical regions were correlated with the BDI scores in patients with MDD.ConclusionsEmotional memory and the severity of depressive symptoms are associated with structural changes in both the posterior and anterior GM regions in the cerebellum in patients with MDD. These findings could be useful for improving our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying emotional memory and explaining the abnormalities of the neural correlates that are associated with MDD.
| S-EPMC5516611 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Endometriosis, identified by the abnormal growth of endometrial cells beyond the inner lining of the uterus, often manifests through symptoms like painful menstruation and challenges in conceiving. Observational studies suggest that endometriosis is often comorbid with mental disorders, including anxiety and depression. The nature of these connections, whether they are causal, is still debated and calls for further empirical evidence. We utilized a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, harnessing genome-wide association study data to explore the connections among depression, anxiety, neuroticism, and endometriosis. To scrutinize the causative connections between mental health issues and endometriosis, Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) was employed as the primary analytical tool, complemented by Weighted Median Estimation, Simple mode, Weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression for additional analysis. To examine the potential for reverse causation, reverse MR was applied. To strengthen the reliability of our findings, we carried out sensitivity analyses that included heterogeneity tests, tests for pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analyses. The IVW analysis revealed a significant correlation between the genetic inclination towards depression and a heightened risk of developing endometriosis [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.151, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.025-1.293, P = .017]. Similarly, a genetic predisposition to neuroticism was significantly associated with an increased risk of endometriosis (OR = 1.128, 95% CI = 1.038-1.226, P = .004). However, no causative link was found between genetic susceptibility to anxiety and the occurrence of endometriosis. Reverse MR analysis did not support a bidirectional genetic susceptibility between endometriosis and psychiatric disorders. The MR analysis presents genetic data supporting the notion that depression and neuroticism are risk factors for endometriosis. Conversely, it found no evidence of a causal connection between anxiety and the development of endometriosis. Enhancing mental health treatment should be considered a preventive measure against endometriosis.
| S-EPMC11245226 | biostudies-literature