A National Study Exploring the Association between Fasting Duration and Mortality among the Elderly
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER:
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11242983 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Background and aimsBoth fasting and non-fasting levels of triglyceride have been shown positively associated with all-cause mortality. It is unknown whether fasting status modifies this association. This study aimed to address this question.MethodsThis study included 34,512 US adults (27,036 fasting and 7476 nonfasting participants). All-cause mortality was ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios of triglyceride for mortality.ResultsThis cohort was followed up for a mean of 13.0 years. During the follow-up, 8491 all-cause deaths were recorded. A 1-natural-log-unit increase in triglyceride was associated with an 8% higher multivariate-adjusted risk of all-cause mortality. Interaction analyses showed that fasting status interacted with triglyceride in predicting all-cause mortality. Sub-analyses showed that a 1-natural-log-unit increase in triglyceride was associated with a 17% higher multivariate-adjusted risk of all-cause mortality in the nonfasting subcohort; however, there lacked such an association in the fasting sub-cohort. Similarly, high (200-499 mg/dL) and very high levels of triglyceride (≥500 mg/dL) were associated with higher all-cause mortality risks compared with low normal triglyceride (<100 mg/dL) only in the nonfasting subcohort.ConclusionThis study found that, compared to fasting triglyceride, nonfasting triglyceride was more sensitive in predicting all-cause mortality. This study supports the initiatives by some guidelines to recommend the use of nonfasting triglycerides for risk assessment.
| S-EPMC9110781 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Backgroundmortality rates are usually influenced by the variations of environmental factors. However, there are few studies on the impact of sunlight duration induced mortality. In this study, we examine provincial level associations between the sunshine duration and crude mortality rates.Methodswe use China mortality data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China combined with China census data and data from the China Meteorological Data Service Centre. Annual mortality rates for 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China from 2005 to 19. Data are analyzed at the provincial level by using panel regression methods. The main outcome measures are the mortality rates associated with average daily sunshine duration. Then we perform a series of sentimental analyses.Resultsthe average daily sunshine duration ratio cubed is positively associated with provincial level mortality rates (β = 11.509, 95% confidence interval 1.869 to 21.148). According to this estimate, increasing 2.895 h of additional daily sunshine is associated with an estimated 1.15% increase in the crude mortality rates. A series of sensitivity analyses show a consistent pattern of associations between average daily sunshine duration ratio cubed and mortality rates.Conclusionsmore sunshine duration is associated with increased mortality rates. While the associations documented cannot be assumed to be causal, they suggest a potential association between increased sunshine duration and increased mortality rates.
| S-EPMC10199197 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceWhile the effects of fluoride on health have been widely researched, fewer high-quality studies examine the association of fluoride levels in water and dental fluorosis.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between fluoride exposure from drinking water and dental fluorosis.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study used the 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2016). NHANES uses a complex sampling technique to develop nationally representative sample estimates of the US population that consists of interviews and physical assessments. Children and adolescents aged 6 to 15 years were included because NHANES contains their data for all 3 forms of fluoride measures: plasma fluoride levels, water levels of fluoride, and dietary fluoride supplementation. Data were analyzed from January 1 to April 30, 2023.ExposuresWater and plasma fluoride levels were measured by laboratory personnel. Dietary fluoride supplement data were self-reported.Main outcomes and measuresThe Dean's Fluorosis Index was used to evaluate fluorosis status for each tooth. The dental fluorosis severity value was based on the second most affected tooth. Independent variables included plasma and water fluoride concentrations and dietary fluoride supplementation. An independent samples t test was used to compare fluoride exposures between groups, and Pearson correlation assessed the association between plasma and water fluoride levels. To assess whether fluoride exposures were associated with dental fluorosis, logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsThere were 1543 participants in the 2013-2014 NHANES cycle (weighted proportion male, 51.9%; mean [SD] age, 11.0 [2.7] years) and 1452 in the 2015-2016 cycle (weighted proportion male, 52.6%; mean [SD] age, 11.1 [2.8] years). A weighted 87.3% exhibited some degree of fluorosis in the 2013-2014 cycle and 68.2% in the 2015-2016 cycle. Higher fluoride levels in water and plasma were significantly associated with higher odds of dental fluorosis (adjusted odds ratios, 2.378 [95% CI, 2.372-2.383] in the 2013-2014 cycle and 1.568 [95% CI, 1.564-1.571] in the 2015-2016 cycle).Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that exposure to higher concentrations of fluoride in water and having higher plasma levels of fluoride were associated with a greater risk of dental fluorosis. Further research can help policy makers develop policies that balance substantial caries prevention with the risk of dental fluorosis.
| S-EPMC10290240 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundKnowledge regarding the health impacts of daily eating frequency (DEF) and nighttime fasting duration (NFD) on mortality is very limited.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine whether DEF and NFD are associated with CVD and all-cause mortality.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of a nationally representative sample from the United States, including 30,464 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2014. Using 24-h dietary recall, DEF was assessed by the number of eating episodes, and NFD was calculated by the first and last eating time across a day. Death information was obtained from the National Death Index up to 2019. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess survival relationships of DEF and NFD with mortality.ResultsDuring 307,686 person-years of follow-up, 4560 deaths occurred, including 1824 CVD cases. After adjustment for confounders, compared to DEF at 4-6 times, participants whose DEF was less than 3 times had greater CVD [hazard-ratio (HR) = 1.33, 95% confidence-interval (CI): 1.06-1.67] and all-cause (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.33) mortality risks. Furthermore, compared to NFD of 10 to 11 h, participants whose NFD was shorter than 10 h had HRs of 1.30 (95% CI: 1.08-1.55) for CVD mortality and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.08-1.39) for all-cause mortality. NFD longer than 14 h was also related to CVD mortality (HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12-1.67) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.19-1.54). Similar results for the association of NFD and DEF with heart-specific and stroke-specific mortality were observed.ConclusionThis study found that DEF less than 3 times and NFD shorter than 10 h or longer than 14 h were independently associated with greater cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
| S-EPMC10895826 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimWe examined whether glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is associated to carotid atherosclerosis in an elderly Korean population with normal fasting glucose.MethodsUsing data from the Korean Urban Rural Elderly study, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,133 participants (335 men and 798 women) with a mean age of 71.8 years. All participants had fasting blood glucose less than 100mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) and HbA1c level below 6.5% (48 mmol/mol). They were also free from a history of cardiovascular disease, known type 2 diabetes mellitus or use of anti-diabetes medications. Carotid atherosclerosis was assessed by intima-media thickness (IMT) using ultrasonography. The association between HbA1c and carotid IMT was investigated using multivariable linear regression analysis.ResultsHbA1c levels were independently and positively associated with carotid IMT (β = 0.020, p = 0.045) after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, smoking and alcohol intake. However, fasting insulin and glucose levels were not associated with carotid IMT.ConclusionHbA1c levels were positively associated with carotid atherosclerosis, as assessed by carotid IMT, in an elderly population with normoglycemia. Our study suggested that higher HbA1c level is an effective and informative marker of carotid atherosclerosis in an elderly population.
| S-EPMC5298255 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPeriodontal infection induces inflammation, which may increase the risk of tumor-promoting effects. The aim of this study was to assess the association between periodontitis and all-cause mortality, and all-cancer and specific cancers' mortality in a health examination cohort of the elderly in the communities.MethodsA dataset of health examinations for the elderly with cause of death from 2005 to 2012 was obtained from the Department of Health, Taipei City Government. We enrolled 82,548 study participants with 262,035 visits. A Cox proportional hazards model and Cox frailty model were used for calculating the hazard ratios under different periodontal status by using SAS and Rstudio.ResultsBeing male, elderly, having a low education level, and smoking were risk factors for mortality in this retrospective elderly community cohort study. Participants with periodontitis followed across time had significantly higher hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and all-cancer mortality (HR = 1.092, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.038 to 1.149, HR = 1.114, 95% CI:1.032 to 1.203, respectively) in the Cox frailty models after adjusting for age, marital status, education level, sex, and smoking status. After adjusting for age and sex, the hazard ratio was 1.185 (95% CI: 1.027 to 1.368) for lung cancer mortality, and 1.340 (95% CI: 1.019 to 1.762) for prostate cancer mortality in the periodontitis group with each visit.ConclusionsThe findings indicated that being male, having a low education level, and daily smoking were risk factors for mortality, and showed mixed evidence that periodontal disease is associated with all-cause, all-cancer and specific-cancer mortality including lung and prostate cancer. We suggest the importance of regular health screening in order to achieve early disease detection and lower mortality risk.
| S-EPMC7285774 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Short-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been linked with increased QT interval duration, a marker of ventricular repolarization and a risk factor for cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death, in several studies. Only one previous study evaluated whether long-term PM exposure is related to the QT interval. We aim to evaluate whether subchronic and long-term exposure to PM2.5 at home is linked with QT duration in an elderly cohort. METHODS:We measured heart-rate corrected QT interval duration among 404 participants from the Greater Boston area between 2003 and 2011. We modeled residential PM2.5 exposures using a hybrid satellite- and land use-based model. We evaluated associations between moving averages of short-term (1-2 days), subchronic (3-28 days), and long-term (1 year) pollutant exposures and corrected QT duration using linear mixed models. We also evaluated effect modification by oxidative stress genetic score using separated regression models and interaction terms. RESULTS:We observed positive associations between subchronic and long-term PM2.5 exposure and corrected QT duration, with the strongest results for longer-term exposures. For example, a one standard deviation increase in 1-year PM2.5 was associated with a 6.3 ms increase in corrected QT (95% confidence interval: 1.8, 11). We observed somewhat greater effects among subjects with higher (8.5 ms) rather than lower (3.1 ms) oxidative stress allelic profiles (P interaction = 0.25). CONCLUSIONS:PM2.5 was associated with increased corrected QT duration in an elderly cohort. While most previous studies focused on short-term air pollution exposures, our results suggest that longer-term exposures are associated with cardiac repolarization.
| S-EPMC4748722 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCircadian rhythms play an important role in the regulation of eating and fasting, and mistimed dietary intakes may be detrimental to metabolic health. Extended overnight fasting has been proposed as a strategy to better align the eating-fasting cycle with the internal circadian clock, and both observational and experimental studies have linked longer overnight fasting with lower body weight. However, it remains unclear if the timing of overnight fasting modifies the relationship between fasting duration and weight outcomes.MethodsThe current study included 495 men and 499 women age 50-74 years. Dietary intake over 12 months was assessed by 24-h dietary recalls every two months, and body-mass index was measured at the beginning, middle and end of the study. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between overnight fasting duration and the likelihood of being overweight or obesity adjusted for multiple confounders, and assessed whether the relationship was modified by the timing of overnight fasting, measured as the midpoint of the fasting period.ResultsAmong participants with early overnight fasting (midpoint < 02:19 am), a longer fasting duration was associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity; while among those with late fasting (≥02:19 am), longer fasting was associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity. Specifically, when compared to the shortest quintile of overnight fasting duration, the longest quintile was associated with a 53% reduction in the odds of overweight and obesity in the early fasting group (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.97), but a 2.36-fold increase in the late fasting group (OR = 3.36, 95% CI = 1.48, 7.62). Additionally adjusting for dietary intakes during morning and late evening periods did not affect the observed associations.ConclusionsLonger overnight fasting was associated with a reduced likelihood of being overweight or obese, but only among those with an early timing of fasting.
| S-EPMC9116132 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFew studies have explored the association between water intake and mortality risk, and the findings were inconsistent.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the water intake-mortality association, utilizing the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the 2015 public-linked mortality files released by the National Center for Health Statistics.MethodsWe used the diet- and mortality-linked data of a total of 35,463 adults (17,234 men) aged ≥20 years in the NHANESs 1999-2014 to perform a prospective study. The multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the associations of the amount of water intake (expressed by total water, plain water, beverage, and food water) and water intake proportion (expressed by the percentage of each kind of water) with mortality risks due to all causes, malignant neoplasms/cancer, and heart disease. The restricted cubic spline plots were adopted to clarify the dose-response relationships among them.ResultsWith a median of 88 months (interquartile range: 49-136 months) follow-up, a total of 4,915 all-cause deaths occurred, including 1,073 and 861 deaths from malignant neoplasms/cancer and heart disease, respectively. The amount of water intake in either type was negatively associated with all-cause mortality risk. Additionally, the negative linear dose-response relationships of water intake and all-cause mortality risk were found for all types of water except for food water, which followed a non-linear pattern. Similarly, compared to the lowest quartile (beverage water intake: <676 g/day; food water intake: <532 g/day), beverage and food water intakes in the range of 1,033-1,524 and 1,612-3,802 g/day were associated with decreased malignant neoplasms/cancer mortality risk. A U-shaped dose-response relationship was found for beverage water intake and malignant neoplasms/cancer mortality risk and a negative linear dose-response relationship was found for food water intake and malignant neoplasms/cancer mortality risk. Coffee and/or tea consumption was/were negatively associated with mortality risks due to all causes and malignant neoplasms/cancer. No significant associations of water intake proportion and mortality risks were found.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that higher water intake is associated with lower mortality risks among the United States population.
| S-EPMC9039539 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Early nephrology referral is recommended for people with CKD on the basis of observational studies showing that longer nephrology care before dialysis start (predialysis care) is associated with lower mortality after dialysis start. This association may be observed because predialysis care truly reduces mortality or because healthier people with an uncomplicated course of disease will have both longer predialysis care and lower risk for death. We examined whether the survival benefit of longer predialysis care exists after accounting for the potential confounding effect of disease course that may also be affected by predialysis care. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS:We performed a retrospective cohort study and used data from 3152 adults with end stage kidney failure starting dialysis between 2004 and 2014 in five Canadian dialysis programs. We obtained duration of predialysis care from the earliest nephrology outpatient visit to dialysis start; markers of disease course, including inpatient or outpatient dialysis start and residual kidney function around dialysis start; and all-cause mortality after dialysis start. RESULTS:The percentages of participants with 0, 1-119, 120-364, and ≥365 days of predialysis care were 23%, 8%, 10%, and 59%, respectively. When we ignored markers of disease course as in previous studies, longer predialysis care was associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio120-364 versus 0-119 days, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.46 to 0.78]; hazard ratio≥365 versus 0-119 days, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.51 to 0.71; standard Cox model adjusted for demographics and laboratory and clinical characteristics). When we additionally accounted for markers of disease course using the inverse probability of treatment weighted Cox model, this association was weaker and no longer significant (hazard ratio120-364 versus 0-119 days, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.60 to 1.18; hazard ratio≥365 versus 0-119 days, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 1.13). CONCLUSIONS:The association between longer predialysis care and lower mortality after dialysis start is weaker and imprecise after accounting for patients' course of disease.
| S-EPMC5989670 | biostudies-literature