Dataset Information

Acculturating to multiculturalism: a new dimension of dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander women in the San Francisco Bay Area, USA.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Dietary acculturation is the process by which diet and dietary practises from the environment of origin are retained or changed and/or those prevalent in a new environment are adopted. Despite rapid population growth the U.S., knowledge gaps exist on characterising dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities (AANHPI). This study characterise dietary patterns in a sample representative of AANHPI on key demographic characteristics.

Methods

Data were from a 2013-2014 population-based case-control study in the San Francisco Bay Area, U.S. Survey items were adapted from dietary acculturation scales developed for AANHPI populations. Validated measures assessed social capital, social standing, discrimination and immigration experiences. A principal components factor analysis was conducted to characterise dietary patterns of acculturation.

Results

Three dietary patterns were identified: "Asian," "Western," and a distinct "Multicultural" factor. Respondents reporting a high-Asian diet tended to also report smaller social networks, higher levels of stress, and, among those born outside of the U.S., an educational standing that was better before immigration. Respondents reporting a high-Western diet tended to also report the highest level of discrimination. Those reporting a high-Multicultural diet tended to report higher neighbourhood collective efficacy.

Conclusions

The finding of a distinct "Multicultural" factor beyond the typical "Asian" and "Western" factors may reflect the multidirectional relationships between culture, diet, and dietary behavior, in which origin and destination cultures interact in complex ways and where foods from multiple ethnicities intermix.

SUBMITTER: Tan JY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11302078 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Acculturating to multiculturalism: a new dimension of dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander women in the San Francisco Bay Area, USA.

Tan Judy Y JY Guan Alice A Albers Autumn E AE Canchola Alison J AJ Allen Laura L Shariff-Marco Salma S Gomez Scarlett Lin SL

BMC public health 20240806 1

<h4>Background</h4>Dietary acculturation is the process by which diet and dietary practises from the environment of origin are retained or changed and/or those prevalent in a new environment are adopted. Despite rapid population growth the U.S., knowledge gaps exist on characterising dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities (AANHPI). This study characterise dietary patterns in a sample representative of AANHPI on key demographic characteristic ...[more]

PMID: 39107722

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Project description:ImportanceHaving diverse participants in clinical trials ensures new drug products work well across different demographic groups, making health care safer and more effective for everyone. Information on the extent of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participation in clinical trials is limited.ObjectiveTo examine representation of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders in clinical trials leading to the first US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for the 10 drug products with the top worldwide sales forecasts in 2024.Design, setting, and participantsCross-sectional secondary analysis of existing data from clinical trials that took place from 2006 to 2021 in the US. All clinical trials that were included in the FDA first approval application for the 10 drug products were evaluated in this study. Data were analyzed from February to August 2024.ExposureParticipation in a clinical drug trial.Main outcomes and measuresComparison of the proportion of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participation in clinical trials for the 10 drug products with top sales forecasts in 2024 to the Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander population proportion.ResultsIn this cross-sectional study of 139 062 individuals, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participation in clinical trials for the 10 drug products with top sales forecasts was either unknown or low. For 6 of the 10 drug products (60%), the number of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participants was not documented. All trials that reported Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participation had fewer Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participants than would be expected based on their US population proportion, with 2 of the differences being statistically significant. Of the trials that disaggregated Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participants from other racial groups, the number of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participants was 8 for risankizumab-rzaa (0.38% of participants vs 0.49% of the population; percentage point difference, -0.11%; 95% CI, -0.37% to -0.15%), 7 for bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (0.38% of participants vs 0.49% of the population; percentage point difference, -0.10%; 95% CI, -0.39% to 0.18%), 27 for 4vHPV/9vHPV (0.15% of participants vs 0.46% of the population; percentage point difference, -0.31%; 95% CI, -0.37% to -0.26%), and 90 for BNT162B2 COVID-19 vaccine (0.20% of participants vs 0.52% of the population; percentage point difference, -0.32; 95% CI, -0.36% to -0.27%).Conclusions and relevanceIn this cross-sectional study, limited documentation and participation of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander individuals in clinical trials for drug products with top sales forecasts was found. This is especially concerning because Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander individuals have a higher risk than other racial groups for type 2 diabetes, cancer, and several other conditions the products examined in this study treat. Given the importance of enrolling Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participants in clinical trials, sites should be established in key geographic regions, such as Hawai'i, and postmarket studies should be conducted within Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander populations.

Dataset Information

Acculturating to multiculturalism: a new dimension of dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander women in the San Francisco Bay Area, USA.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Acculturating to multiculturalism: a new dimension of dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander women in the San Francisco Bay Area, USA.

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