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Centenarian hippocampus displays high levels of astrocytic metallothioneins.

ABSTRACT: The hippocampus is a brain area linked to cognition. The mechanisms that maintain cognitive activity in humans are poorly understood. Centenarians display extreme longevity which is generally accompanied by better quality of life, lower cognitive impairment, and reduced incidence of pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases. We performed transcriptomic studies in hippocampus samples from individuals of different ages (centenarians [≥97 years], old, and young) and identified a differential gene expression pattern in centenarians compared to the other two groups. In particular, several isoforms of metallothioneins (MTs) were highly expressed in centenarians. Moreover, we identified that MTs were mainly expressed in astrocytes. Functional studies in human primary astrocytes revealed that MT1 and MT3 are necessary for their homeostasis maintenance. Overall, these results indicate that the expression of MTs specifically in astrocytes is a mechanism for protection during aging.

SUBMITTER: Saenz-Antonanzas A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11320342 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Centenarian hippocampus displays high levels of astrocytic metallothioneins.

Saenz-Antoñanzas Ander A Muñoz-Culla Maider M Rigo Piero P Ruiz-Barreiro Leire L Moreno-Valladares Manuel M Alberro Ainhoa A Cruces-Salguero Sara S Arroyo-Izaga Marta M Arranz Amaia M AM Otaegui David D Guillemot François F Matheu Ander A

Aging cell 20240520 8

The hippocampus is a brain area linked to cognition. The mechanisms that maintain cognitive activity in humans are poorly understood. Centenarians display extreme longevity which is generally accompanied by better quality of life, lower cognitive impairment, and reduced incidence of pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases. We performed transcriptomic studies in hippocampus samples from individuals of different ages (centenarians [≥97 years], old, and young) and identified a differential ...[more]

PMID: 38769809

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Project description:BackgroundIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in the investigation of very old individuals. However, various challenges arise when collecting data from this age group. Given potential health and cognitive impairments and the difficulty of retrieving accurate self-reported data, involving individuals knowledgeable of the target person as proxy respondents are an invaluable solution. The primary goal of this study is to explore the association between proxy-centenarian relationship and item nonresponse, a pivotal data quality measure.Data and methodsWe used data from the phone study conducted within SWISS100, a study on centenarians in Switzerland, focusing on a subsample of 94 centenarians and 75 proxy respondents. We compared characteristics of centenarians who provided self-reports with those interviewed through proxy respondents using descriptive analyses, and Firth's regression models to investigate the association of different types of proxies (children, other relatives, and non-relatives) with item nonresponse.ResultsWe noted differences between centenarians participating themselves in interviews and those represented by proxies, observing higher proportions of men and private home residents in the self-report group. There was a low prevalence of item nonresponse among proxy respondents. Proxy type significantly impacted item nonresponse, particularly with non-relatives showing notably higher unanswered question rates. A robust association between non-relatives as proxies and increased item nonresponse persisted even when controlling for potential confounding factors.Discussion and conclusionsThis study enhances the understanding of data quality, particularly item nonresponse, and highlights the impact of the proxy-centenarian relationship when studying the oldest-old. The findings stress the importance of carefully choosing proxy respondents, preferably children, to improve data quality and inclusivity for those individuals hard to reach or to interview. Future research should investigate various data quality indicators and rely on larger samples to enhance the representation and methodological rigour in the study of the oldest-old.

Dataset Information

Centenarian hippocampus displays high levels of astrocytic metallothioneins.

Publications

Centenarian hippocampus displays high levels of astrocytic metallothioneins.

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