Dataset Information

Association of olfactory and cognitive function test scores with hippocampal and amygdalar grey matter volume: a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Few population-based studies including younger adults have examined the potential of olfactory function tests to capture the degree of atrophy in memory-associated brain regions, which cannot be adequately explained by cognitive function tests screening for cognitive impairment. This population-based study investigated associations between high-resolution olfactory test data with few odours and grey matter volumes (GMVs) of the left and right hippocampi, amygdala, parahippocampi, and olfactory cortex, while accounting for differences in cognitive decline, in 1444 participants (aged 31-91 years). Regression analyses included intracranial volume (ICV)-normalised GMVs of eight memory-related regions as objective variables and age, sex, education duration, smoking history, olfaction test score, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Japanese version (MoCA-J) score as explanatory variables. Significant relationships were found between olfactory test scores and ICV-normalised GMVs of the left and right hippocampi and left amygdala (p = 0.020, 0.024, and 0.028, respectively), adjusting for the MoCA-J score. The olfactory test score was significantly related to the right amygdalar GMV (p = 0.020) in older adults (age ≥ 65 years). These associations remained significant after applying Benjamini-Hochberg multiple testing correction (false discovery rate < 0.1). Therefore, olfactory and cognitive function tests may efficiently capture the degree of atrophy in the hippocampi and amygdala, especially in older adults.

SUBMITTER: Sato S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11333722 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of olfactory and cognitive function test scores with hippocampal and amygdalar grey matter volume: a cross-sectional study.

Sato Shuichi S Imaeda Takao T Mugikura Shunji S Mori Naoko N Takanashi Masaki M Hayakawa Kazumi K Saito Tomo T Taira Makiko M Narita Akira A Kogure Mana M Chiba Ippei I Hatanaka Rieko R Nakaya Kumi K Kanno Ikumi I Ishiwata Ryosuke R Nakamura Tomohiro T Motoike Ikuko N IN Nakaya Naoki N Koshiba Seizo S Kinoshita Kengo K Kuriyama Shinichi S Ogishima Soichi S Nagami Fuji F Fuse Nobuo N Hozawa Atsushi A

Scientific reports 20240819 1

Few population-based studies including younger adults have examined the potential of olfactory function tests to capture the degree of atrophy in memory-associated brain regions, which cannot be adequately explained by cognitive function tests screening for cognitive impairment. This population-based study investigated associations between high-resolution olfactory test data with few odours and grey matter volumes (GMVs) of the left and right hippocampi, amygdala, parahippocampi, and olfactory c ...[more]

PMID: 39160183

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Project description:BackgroundIncreasing physical activity (PA) is an effective strategy to slow reductions in cortical volume and maintain cognitive function in older adulthood. However, PA does not exist in isolation, but coexists with sleep and sedentary behaviour to make up the 24-hour day. We investigated how the balance of all three behaviours (24-hour time-use composition) is associated with grey matter volume in healthy older adults, and whether grey matter volume influences the relationship between 24-hour time-use composition and cognitive function.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 378 older adults (65.6 ± 3.0 years old, 123 male) from the ACTIVate study across two Australian sites (Adelaide and Newcastle). Time-use composition was captured using 7-day accelerometry, and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure grey matter volume both globally and across regions of interest (ROI: frontal lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampi, and lateral ventricles). Pairwise correlations were used to explore univariate associations between time-use variables, grey matter volumes and cognitive outcomes. Compositional data analysis linear regression models were used to quantify associations between ROI volumes and time-use composition, and explore potential associations between the interaction between ROI volumes and time-use composition with cognitive outcomes.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates (age, sex, education), there were no significant associations between time-use composition and any volumetric outcomes. There were significant interactions between time-use composition and frontal lobe volume for long-term memory (p = 0.018) and executive function (p = 0.018), and between time-use composition and total grey matter volume for executive function (p = 0.028). Spending more time in moderate-vigorous PA was associated with better long-term memory scores, but only for those with smaller frontal lobe volume (below the sample mean). Conversely, spending more time in sleep and less time in sedentary behaviour was associated with better executive function in those with smaller total grey matter volume.ConclusionsAlthough 24-hour time use was not associated with total or regional grey matter independently, total grey matter and frontal lobe grey matter volume moderated the relationship between time-use composition and several cognitive outcomes. Future studies should investigate these relationships longitudinally to assess whether changes in time-use composition correspond to changes in grey matter volume and cognition.

Dataset Information

Association of olfactory and cognitive function test scores with hippocampal and amygdalar grey matter volume: a cross-sectional study.

Publications

Association of olfactory and cognitive function test scores with hippocampal and amygdalar grey matter volume: a cross-sectional study.

Similar Datasets

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