Dataset Information

Public health management of invasive meningococcal disease outbreaks: worldwide 1973-2018, a systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Infectious disease outbreaks are an ongoing public health concern, requiring extensive resources to prevent and manage. Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) is a severe outcome of infection with Neisseria meningitidis bacteria, which can be carried and transmitted asymptomatically. IMD is not completely vaccine-preventable, presenting an ongoing risk of outbreak development. This review provides a retrospective assessment of public health management of IMD outbreaks.

Methods

A systematic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE. English-language studies reporting on IMD outbreaks and associated public health response were considered eligible. Reporting on key characteristics including outbreak size, duration, location, and public health response were assessed against Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology guidelines. A summary of lessons learned and author recommendations for each article were also discussed.

Results

39 eligible studies were identified, describing 35 outbreaks in seven regions. Responses to outbreaks were mostly reactive, involving whole communities over prioritising those at highest risk of transmission. Recent responses identified a need for more proactive and targeted controls. Reporting was inconsistent, with key characteristics such as outbreak size, duration, or response absent or incompletely described.

Conclusion

There is a need for clear, comprehensive reporting on IMD outbreaks and their public health response to inform policy and practice for subsequent outbreaks of IMD and other infectious diseases.

SUBMITTER: Morello BR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11334308 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Public health management of invasive meningococcal disease outbreaks: worldwide 1973-2018, a systematic review.

Morello Brianna R BR Milazzo Adriana A Marshall Helen Siobhan HS Giles Lynne C LC

BMC public health 20240820 1

<h4>Background</h4>Infectious disease outbreaks are an ongoing public health concern, requiring extensive resources to prevent and manage. Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) is a severe outcome of infection with Neisseria meningitidis bacteria, which can be carried and transmitted asymptomatically. IMD is not completely vaccine-preventable, presenting an ongoing risk of outbreak development. This review provides a retrospective assessment of public health management of IMD outbreaks.<h4>Method ...[more]

PMID: 39164680

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Project description:IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) defined an infodemic as an overabundance of information, accurate or not, in the digital and physical space, accompanying an acute health event such as an outbreak or epidemic. It can impact people's risk perceptions, trust, and confidence in the health system, and health workers. As an immediate response, the WHO developed the infodemic management (IM) frameworks, research agenda, intervention frameworks, competencies, and processes for reference by health authorities.ObjectiveThis systematic review explored the response to and during acute health events by health authorities and other organizations operating in health. It also assessed the effectiveness of the current interventions.MethodsOn 26 June 2023, an online database search included Medline (Ovid), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Epistemonikos, and the WHO website. It included English-only, peer-reviewed studies or reports covering IM processes applied by health organizations that reported their effectiveness. There was no restriction on publication dates. Two independent reviewers conducted all screening, inclusion, and quality assessments, and a third reviewer arbitrated any disagreement between the two reviewers.ResultsReviewers identified 945 records. After a final assessment, 29 studies were included in the review and were published between 2021 and 2023. Some countries (Pakistan, Yemen, Spain, Italy, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, United Kingdom, United States, New Zealand, Finland, South Korea, and Russia) applied different methods of IM to people's behaviors. These included but were not limited to launching media and TV conservations, using web and scientific database searches, posting science-based COVID-19 information, implementing online surveys, and creating an innovative ecosystem of digital tools, and an Early AI-supported response with Social Listening (EARS) platform. Most of the interventions were effective in containing the harmful effects of COVID-19 infodemic. However, the quality of the evidence was not robust.DiscussionMost of the infodemic interventions applied during COVID-19 fall within the recommended actions of the WHO IM ecosystem. As a result, the study suggests that more research is needed into the challenges facing health systems in different operational environments and country contexts in relation to designing, implementing, and evaluating IM interventions, strategies, policies, and systems.

Dataset Information

Public health management of invasive meningococcal disease outbreaks: worldwide 1973-2018, a systematic review.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Public health management of invasive meningococcal disease outbreaks: worldwide 1973-2018, a systematic review.

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