Prison healthcare service use and associated factors: a cross sectional study in Northwestern Ethiopia
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SUBMITTER: Yesuf Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11337193 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the parasitic infections affecting people living in prison. Helminths and intestinal protozoan infections are the most common parasitic infection that may cause serious life-threatening diseases in inmates living in developing countries. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among inmates living in Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia. METHODS:Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather the data of socio-demographic characteristics, hygiene status of the prisoners, sanitation condition of the prison, and associated factors for IPIs by face to face interview. Direct wet-mount examination and formol-ether sedimentation techniques were used to examine intestinal parasitic infection from stool specimens. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between different variables and the IPI. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to determine the presence association and strength of the associated factors. RESULT:A total of 320 prisoners were participated in this study. Of these, 154(48.1%) of them were infected with one or more intestinal parasites. Eight different intestinal parasites species were identified and Giardia lamblia was the predominant parasite. Among infected inmates, nearly one out of four of them had multiple parasitic infections dominated by Giardia lamblia and E. histolytica/dispar co-infection. Sleeping in group [AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: (1.0-3.8)], married prisoners [AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: (1.1-2.9)], and hand washing habits after handling soil [AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: (1.0-5.6)] were independently associated with IPI. CONCLUSION:High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was detected in Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Absence of hand washing, marital status, and way of sleeping were the factors associated with the IPI. Implementation of mass drug administration, education on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and periodic screening of intestinal parasitic infection is very important to reduce the high prevalence IPIs in prison.
| S-EPMC6937967 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo assess the level of maternal healthcare service utilisation and related factors to its frequency of care among mothers who gave birth in the previous 2 years before the survey in rural Wolaita, southern Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingThis study was undertaken in Kindo Didaye, rural Wolaita, southern Ethiopia, from February to March 2016.ParticipantsOut of 552 who gave birth, 544 (98.5%) mothers aged between 15 and 49 years, selected using two-stage random sampling, participated in the study.Outcome measuresMaternal healthcare service utilisation frequency and proportion and associated factors.ResultThe proportion of maternal healthcare service utilisation was 59.38% (95% CI: 55.11% to 63.53%), with 50.74% (95% CI: 46.45% to 55.01%), 16.18% (95% CI: 13.18% to 19.54%) and 31.80% (95% CI: 27.90% to 35.90%) prevalence of antenatal care (ANC), delivery care and postnatal care (PNC), respectively. The frequency of maternal healthcare service utilisation was positively related to having a favourable attitude towards maternal healthcare service utilisation, knowledge of mothers about maternal healthcare, walking distance to healthcare facilities in 30 and 30-60 min from residence and joint decision by mothers and their husbands on the place of delivery.ConclusionThe proportion of maternal healthcare service utilisation in the study area was low, exacerbated by lower ANC, delivery care and PNC. The frequency of maternal healthcare service utilisation increased with a favourable attitude towards maternal healthcare service utilisation, knowledge of mothers about maternal healthcare, short travel distance to healthcare facilities and joint decisions by mothers and their husbands on the place of delivery. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest promoting strategies by the local health department and other concerned bodies to maintain and improve the attitude and knowledge of mothers towards maternal healthcare service utilisation. We also recommend increasing the accessibility to healthcare facilities and promoting joint decision-making processes by the mothers and their husbands on the place of delivery in the study area and similar settings in the country.
| S-EPMC11784373 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCommunity-based health insurance schemes are becoming increasingly recognized as a potential strategy to achieve universal health coverage in developing countries. Ethiopia has implemented community-based health insurance in piloted regions of the country. The scheme aims to improve the utilization of healthcare services by removing financial barriers. There is a dearth of literature regarding the effect of the insurance scheme on the utilization of healthcare services.MethodsA community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the south Gondar Zone. Six hundred fifty-eight participants were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Data were entered into EPI data version 4.4.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to measure the association of factors with the outcome variable. The result of the final model was expressed in terms of Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR) and 95% CI.ResultTwo hundred twenty-three (67.8%) and 111 (33.7%) of the respondents reported that their family members went to health institutions within three months among CBHI users and non-users respectively. The presence of under-five children (AOR = 2, 95% CI = 1.6-2.4), CBHI scheme membership times (AOR = 3, 95% CI = 2.6-3.4), household wealth index rich (AOR = 4, 95% CI = 2.3-6.3), household wealth index medium (AOR = 3, 95% CI = 1.8-5.8) and presence of chronic illness (AOR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2-0.8) was associated with health care service utilization. Households who were enrolled in CBHI were more likely to use healthcare services than households who were not enrolled.Conclusion and recommendationHouseholds who were enrolled in CBHI were more likely to use healthcare services than households who were not enrolled. Therefore, health sector leaders and managers in the study area should strengthen their efforts for increasing the enrollment of the community into CBHI.
| S-EPMC9255736 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundClinical ethical practice (CEP) is required for healthcare workers (HCWs) to improve health-care delivery. However, there are gaps between accepted ethical standards and CEP in Ethiopia. There have been limited studies conducted on CEP in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of CEP among healthcare workers in healthcare facilities in Ethiopia.MethodFrom February to April 2021, a mixed-method study was conducted in 24 health facilities, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative (survey questionnaire) and qualitative (semi-structured interviews) data were collected. For quantitative and qualitative data analysis, Stata version 14 and Atlas.ti version 7 were utilized. Multiple logistic regression and thematic analysis for quantative and qualitative respectively used.ResultsFrom a total of 432 study participants, 407 HCWs were involved in the quantitative analysis, 36 participants were involved in five focus group discussions (FGDs), and eleven key informant interviews (KIIs) were involved in the qualitative analysis. The score of good CEP was 32.68%. Similarly, the scores of good knowledge and attitude were 33.50% and 25.31%, respectively. In the multiple logistic regression models, satisfaction with the current profession, availability of functional CECs, compassionate leaders, previously thought clinical ethics in pre-service education and good attitude were significant factors associated with CEP. Among these significant factors, knowledge, compassionate leaders, poor infrastructure, a conducive environment and positive attitudes were also determinants of CEP according to qualitative findings.ConclusionsThe CEP in health care services in Ethiopia is low. Satisfaction with the current profession, functional CECs, positive attitude, compassionate leaders and previously thought clinical ethics were significant factors associated with CEP. The Ministry of Health (MoH) should integrate interventions by considering CECs, compassionate leadership, and positive attitudes and enhance the knowledge of health professionals. Additionally, digitalization, intersectoral collaboration and institutionalization are important for promoting CEP.
| S-EPMC9206399 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWomen's autonomy is valued in a range of healthcare settings, from seeking and receiving care to deciding between treatment options. This study aimed to assess the level of decision-making autonomy women have and associated factors when it comes to using maternal healthcare services.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted.SettingThe study was conducted in Mettu Rural District, Iluababor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsData were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire from 541 women selected by a multistage sampling technique. The collected data were entered into EpiData V.3.1 and exported to SPSS V.22 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with women's decision-making autonomy on maternal health service use. Variables with a p value less than 0.05 at 95% CI were declared significant, and the strength of the association was measured by an adjusted OR (AOR).Primary outcomeLevel of women's decision-making autonomy on maternal health service use.ResultsIt was found that 60.5% of women were autonomous in maternal health service use (95% CI 56.2% to 64.7%). The older age group (AOR=4.27, 95% CI 1.6 to 11.4, p=0.034), higher educational level (AOR=3.8, 95% CI 2.2 to 6.7, p=0.042), small family size (AOR=2.5, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.1, p=0.01) and proximity to health facilities (AOR=5.3, 95% CI 2.5 to 11.3, p=0.004) were all associated factors with healthcare decision-making autonomy.ConclusionTwo-fifths of women have diminished autonomy in decision making on healthcare service use. Age, level of education, family size and accessibility of health services were found to influence women's autonomy. Special attention should be given to education and access to health services to improve women's autonomy.
| S-EPMC9062806 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNeedle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) are a common problem among healthcare workers (HCWs). Although the factors related to NSSIs for HCWs are well documented by several studies in Ethiopia, no evidence has been reported about the magnitude of and factors related to NSSIs in hospitals in northwestern Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out from January to March 2019 among 318 HCWs in three randomly-selected hospitals of the eight hospitals found in South Gondar Zone. Sample sizes were proportionally allocated to professional categories. Study participants were selected by systematic random sampling methods using the monthly salary payroll for each profession as the sampling frame. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The outcome of this study was the presence (injured) or absence of NSSIs during the 12 months prior to data collection. A binary logistic regression model with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for data analysis. Variables from the bi-variable analysis with a p-value ≤ 0.25 were retained into the multivariable analysis. From the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 was declared as factors significantly associated with NSSIs.Main findingsThe prevalence of NSSIs was 29.5% (95% CI: 24.2-35.5%) during the 12 months prior to the survey. Of these, 46.0% reported that their injuries were moderate, superficial (33.3%) or severe (20.7%). About 41.4% of the injuries were caused by a suture needle. Factors significantly associated with NSSIs were occupation as a nurse (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.18-4.26), disposal of sharp materials in places other than in safety boxes (AOR = 3.93, 95% CI: 2.10-5.35), recapping of needles (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.13-4.56), and feeling sleepy at work (AOR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.14-4.41).ConclusionThis study showed that almost one-third of HCWs had sustained NSSIs, a proportion that is high. Factors significantly associated with NSSIs were occupation as a nurse, habit of needle recapping, disposal of sharp materials in places other than in safety boxes and feeling sleepy at work. Observing proper and regular universal precautions for nurses during daily clinical activities and providing safety boxes for the disposal of sharp materials, practicing mechanical needle recapping and preventing sleepiness by reducing work overload among HCWs may reduce the incidence of NSSIs.
| S-EPMC8462737 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHealth information systems are essential for collecting data for planning, monitoring and evaluating health services. Using reliable information over time is an important aid in improving health outcomes, tackling disparities, enhancing efficiency and encouraging innovation. Studies on the level of health information use among health workers at the health facility level in Ethiopia are limited.ObjectivesThis study was designed to assess the level of health information use and associated factors among healthcare professionals.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 397 health workers in health centres in the Iluababor zone of Oromia region in southwest Ethiopia, who were chosen using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting checklist was used to report the summary of the manuscript. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the determinant factors. Variables with a p value <0.05 at 95% CIs were declared significant.ResultsIt was found that 65.8% of the healthcare professionals had good health information usage. Use of Health Management Information System (HMIS) standard materials (adjusted OR (AOR)=8.10; 95% CI 3.51 to 16.58), training on health information (AOR=8.31; 95% CI 4.34 to 14.90), completeness of report formats (AOR=10.24; 95% CI 5.0 to 15.14) and age (AOR=0.4; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.77) were found to be significantly associated with health information use.ConclusionMore than three-fifths of healthcare professionals had good health information usage. Completeness of report format, training, use of standard HMIS materials and age were significantly associated with health information usage. Ensuring the availability of standard HMIS materials and report completeness and providing training, particularly for newly recruited health workers are highly recommended to enhance health information usage.
| S-EPMC10016269 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare differences in healthcare utilisation between community-based health insurance member households and non-member households and to identify factors for community-based health insurance enrolment in South Achefer District.DesignComparative, cross-sectional study.SettingsCommunity-based.ParticipantsA total of 652 selected households (326 insured and 326 uninsured households) participated in the study.MethodsA two-sample t-test (for proportions) and χ2 (for categorical data) were computed.Main outcome measureUtilisation of healthcare.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the rate of healthcare utilisation between insured (50.5%) and uninsured (29.3%) households (χ2=27.864, p<0.001). Significant variations of enrolment status in community-based health insurance were observed in the following variables: educational status, family size, occupation, marital status, travel time to the nearest health institution, perceived quality of care, first choice of place for treatment during illness and expected healthcare cost of a recent treatment.ConclusionsUtilisation of health services among insured households with community-based health insurance was higher. Educational status, family size, occupation, marital status, travel time to the nearest health institution, perceived quality of care, first choice of place for treatment during illness and expected healthcare cost of a recent treatment should be emphasised to enhance community health insurance enrolment.
| S-EPMC6089309 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo facilitate mental health service planning for nurses, data on the patterns of mental health service use (MHSU) among nurses are needed. However, MHSU among Chinese nurses has seldom been studied. Our study aimed to explore the rate of MHSU among Chinese nurses and to identify the factors associated with MHSU.MethodsA self-designed anonymous questionnaire was used in this study. MHSU was assessed by the question, "Have you ever used any kind of mental health services, such as mental health outpatient services or psychotherapies, when you felt that your health was suffering due to stress, insomnia, or other reasons?" The answer to the question was binary (yes or no). Sleep quality, burnout, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index , the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used for univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsA total of 10.94% (301/2750) of the nurses reported MHSU. 10.25% (282/2750) of the nurses had poor sleep quality, burnout and depressive symptoms, and only 26.95% of these nurses reported MHSU. Very poor sleep quality (OR 9.36, 95% CI [5.38-16.29]), mid-level professional title (OR 1.48, 95% CI [1.13-1.93]) and depressive symptoms (OR 1.66, 95% CI [1.28-2.13]) were independent factors associated with MHSU.ConclusionsMost of the nurses have experienced burnout, poor sleep quality or depressive symptoms and the MHSU rate among them was low. Interventions to improve the mental health of nurses and to promote the use of mental health services are needed.
| S-EPMC8029656 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionHealth Extension Program is a preventive, promotive, and basic curative service targeting households to improve the health status of families with the effective implementation of 16 health extension packages. We, therefore, did this study to assess health extension package utilization and associated factors in the East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based mixed cross-sectional study was conducted on households of East Gojjam Zone, from January 1 to April 30, 2020. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 806 study participants in this study. We used EPI info version 7 for data entry and SPSS version 24 software for cleaning and analysis. Variables having a P-value of less than 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression analysis were fitted into the multivariable logistic regression model. The 95% confidence interval of odds ratio was computed and a variable having P-value less than 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis was considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe study showed that 119 (14.8%) respondents have utilized health extension packages. Knowledge health extension package (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.79), residence (AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.99,6.33),visited health post(AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.054,2.50), home visited by health extension worker (AOR = 1,68, 95% CI: 1.025,2.74) and involving in model family training(AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.38,3.215) were significant factors for health extension service utilization.ConclusionThe magnitude of health extension service utilization was low since the Ethiopian government recommends 100% health extension service utilization coverage. Knowledge of health extension package, residence, health post-visit, home visit, and model family training were significant factors for health extension service utilization. So expanding the model family training and strict home-to-home visit especially in rural areas may increase the health extension package utilization.
| S-EPMC8376075 | biostudies-literature