Hypertension status and its risk factors in highlanders living in Ganzi Tibetan Plateau: a cross-sectional study
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zuo X
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11344291 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:PurposeThis study aimed to assess the relationship of serum uric acid with metabolic syndrome and its components in Tibetan adults on the Tibetan plateau.MethodsA total of 307 participants were enrolled in this study and biochemical parameters including serum uric acid, fasting plasma glucose, white blood cell, lymphocyte count, mononuclear cells, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and lipid profile were analyzed using standard methods. The IDF criteria were applied to define metabolic syndrome. The association of serum uric acid with metabolic syndrome and its components was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsThe overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 17.3% (53/307) with 19.6% (31/158) in females and 14.8% (22/149) in male participants. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 40.7% (125/307) with significant differences between the male (53.7%,80/149) and female (28.5%,45/158) groups. In regression analysis, we observed that the risk of MetS was higher in participants in the hyperuricemia group (adjusted OR, 4.01; 95% CI, 2.02~7.99) compared with those in the normouricemia group. After adjusting for all confounding factors, a 9% higher risk of MetS could be shown in participants with SUA increased per 10umol/L (adjusted OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04~1.14). These relationships were not affected by sex or age (p >0.05). After adjusting for the confounding factors, hyperuricemia is positively associated with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.41~4.53), elevated blood pressure (adjusted OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.37~4.97), and elevated triglycerides(adjusted OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.09~5.57).ConclusionsIn our study, hyperuricemia is significantly associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and part of its components, and these relationships are not affected by sex or age. Given the high prevalence of MetS and hyperuricemia among Tibetan adults, more studies are required to explore the role of SUA in the pathogenesis of MetS.
| S-EPMC9632950 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies have identified that socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity are associated with hypertension. However, their interaction on hypertension risk has not yet been assessed.MethodsThe study used data from 6,069 Tibetan residents in Chengguan District in Lhasa, the Chinese Tibetan autonomous region's capital, based on a cohort study conducted from May 2018 to September 2019 in five provinces in southwest China. We used logistic regression models to assess the complex relations of SES and obesity with hypertension.ResultsCompared with individuals of high SES, low and moderate SES were positively associated with high risk of hypertension. SES and obesity have significant additive interaction on hypertension (general obesity by BMI: RERI = 1.33, P < 0.001; abdominal obesity by WC: RERI = 0.76, P < 0.001; abdominal obesity by WHtR: RERI = 0.96, P < 0.001). In people from the low and moderate SES segments, obesity was linked to an increased risk of hypertension, but the correlations were stronger in people from the moderate SES category. Compared with people of high SES and non obese, those with moderate SES and obesity had a higher risk of hypertension, and ORs were 4.38 (2.80, 6.84) for general obesity by BMI, 3.38 (2.05, 5.57) for abdominal obesity by WC, and 3.18 (1.57, 6.42) for abdominal obesity by WHtR.ConclusionThere is an independent and additive interaction effect of obesity and SES on the risk of hypertension. People with obesity, especially those of moderate and low SES, should reduce weight and waist circumference, and pay more attention to blood pressure. Moreover, the government, health administration departments, and society should prioritize improving the socioeconomic status of the Tibetan population and addressing risk factors like obesity.
| S-EPMC10515255 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTibetan highlanders have adapted to hypoxic environments through the development of unique mechanisms that suppress an increase in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration even in high-altitude areas. Hb concentrations generally decrease with increasing age. However, in the highlands, chronic altitude sickness is known to occur in the elderly population. To investigate how aging in a hypoxic environment affects Hb levels in Tibetan highlanders, we focused on the Mustang people, who live above 3500 m. We tried to clarify the pure relationship between aging and Hb levels in a hypoxic environment.ResultsWe found that the Hb concentration increased with increasing age in females but not in males. Multivariate analysis showed that age, pulse pressure, the poverty index, and vascular diameter were strongly correlated with the Hb concentration.ConclusionsWe found unique Hb dynamics among female Tibetan highlanders. As seen in these Hb dynamics, there may be sex-based differences in the adaptive mechanism in Tibetan highlanders.
| S-EPMC7780399 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background Data regarding the metabolic risk factors clustering on the risk of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction ( LVDD ) are lacking among people living at high altitude and under hypoxic conditions. In this study, we explored the association between metabolic risk factor clustering and LVDD among the Tibetan population of China. Methods and Results We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a representative sample of 1963 Tibetans in 2014 to 2016. Grading LVDD was based on recommendations for the evaluation of LV diastolic function by echocardiography (2009). The prevalence of LVDD among 1963 participants (mean age: 51.51 years, 41.11% male) was 34.39%. Odds ratios (95% CI ) of LVDD for the 1, 2, and 3 to 5 risk factors clustering were 1.45 (0.96-2.17), 2.68 (1.8-3.98), and 2.9 (1.9-4.43), respectively ( P for trend <0.001). The association between metabolic risk factors clustering and LVDD was much more pronounced in the middle-aged group than in the elderly ( P for interaction=0.0170). High altitude was one of the major independent risk factors for LVDD ; however, habitation altitude had no significant effect on the association between metabolic risk factors and LVDD ( P for interaction=0.1022). The multivariable dominance analysis indicated that abdominal obesity, hypertension, and elevated blood glucose were the significant contributors to LVDD . Conclusions There was a significant positive association between the metabolic risk factor clustering number and LVDD among a population living at high altitude, especially in middle-aged adults. However, habitation altitude itself has no significant effect on the association between metabolic risk factors and LVDD .
| S-EPMC6475067 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The origin of Tibetans remains one of the most contentious puzzles in history, anthropology, and genetics. Analyses of deeply sequenced (30×-60×) genomes of 38 Tibetan highlanders and 39 Han Chinese lowlanders, together with available data on archaic and modern humans, allow us to comprehensively characterize the ancestral makeup of Tibetans and uncover their origins. Non-modern human sequences compose ∼6% of the Tibetan gene pool and form unique haplotypes in some genomic regions, where Denisovan-like, Neanderthal-like, ancient-Siberian-like, and unknown ancestries are entangled and elevated. The shared ancestry of Tibetan-enriched sequences dates back to ∼62,000-38,000 years ago, predating the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and representing early colonization of the plateau. Nonetheless, most of the Tibetan gene pool is of modern human origin and diverged from that of Han Chinese ∼15,000 to ∼9,000 years ago, which can be largely attributed to post-LGM arrivals. Analysis of ∼200 contemporary populations showed that Tibetans share ancestry with populations from East Asia (∼82%), Central Asia and Siberia (∼11%), South Asia (∼6%), and western Eurasia and Oceania (∼1%). Our results support that Tibetans arose from a mixture of multiple ancestral gene pools but that their origins are much more complicated and ancient than previously suspected. We provide compelling evidence of the co-existence of Paleolithic and Neolithic ancestries in the Tibetan gene pool, indicating a genetic continuity between pre-historical highland-foragers and present-day Tibetans. In particular, highly differentiated sequences harbored in highlanders' genomes were most likely inherited from pre-LGM settlers of multiple ancestral origins (SUNDer) and maintained in high frequency by natural selection.
| S-EPMC5011065 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Tibetan highlanders, including Tibetans, Monpas, Lhobas, Dengs and Sherpas, are considered highly adaptive to severe hypoxic environments. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) might be important in hypoxia adaptation given its role in coding core subunits of oxidative phosphorylation. In this study, we employed 549 complete highlander mtDNA sequences (including 432 random samples) to obtain a comprehensive view of highlander mtDNA profile. In the phylogeny of a total of 36,914 sequences, we identified 21 major haplogroups representing founding events of highlanders, most of which were coalesced in 10 kya. Through founder analysis, we proposed a three-phase model of colonizing the plateau, i.e., pre-LGM Time (30 kya, 4.68%), post-LGM Paleolithic Time (16.8 kya, 29.31%) and Neolithic Time (after 8 kya, 66.01% in total). We observed that pathogenic mutations occurred far more frequently in 22 highlander-specific lineages (five lineages carrying two pathogenic mutations and six carrying one) than in the 6,857 haplogroups of all the 36,914 sequences (P = 4.87 × 10(-8)). Furthermore, the number of possible pathogenic mutations carried by highlanders (in average 3.18 ± 1.27) were significantly higher than that in controls (2.82 ± 1.40) (P = 1.89 × 10(-4)). Considering that function-altering and pathogenic mutations are enriched in highlanders, we therefore hypothesize that they may have played a role in hypoxia adaptation.
| S-EPMC4976311 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Gastric cancer, or stomach cancer, that originates in the inner lining of the stomach, was the fifth most common cancer and the fourth mortality globally, with over one million new cases in 2020 and an estimated 769,000 deaths. The molecular characteristics of gastric cancer has been complicated by histological and intratumor heterogeneity. The incidence of gastric cancer shows wide geographical variation. As the largest and highest region in China, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is one of the important global biodiversity hotspots. Here, we collect tumour and paired normal bio-samples from 31 primary gastric cancer patients from Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, and discuss the molecular characteristics for gastric cancer patients living in plateau. They have more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located in chromosome 7 with C → T and G → A as the most common alteration types, barely share the cancer driver genes with western patients, and have no significant differences in various Chinese nation. These characteristics offers a great opportunity to further understanding the divergent mechanism of gastric cancer, increase the efficacy for diagnosis and prognosis, finally lead the optimal targeted therapeutics.
| S-EPMC9107197 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNutritional risk is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and is more prevalent among pulmonology patients than among patients in other departments. High-altitude environments can affect patients with chronic respiratory diseases, but evidence of the prevalence of nutritional risk among hospitalized patients with respiratory diseases in high-altitude areas is limited. This study aimed to investigate the nutritional risk and status of inpatients with different major respiratory diagnoses permanently living on the Tibetan Plateau (≥3,000 m above sea level).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we consecutively recruited inpatients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at the Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital of Lhasa between November 2020 and May 2021. We used the Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 tool to assess nutritional risk among these patients. An NRS 2002 score ≥3 points indicates nutritional risk; a score ≥5 indicates high nutritional risk. According to NRS-2002 scores, patients were divided into three groups (NRS-2002 0-2, 3-4, and ≥5). The differences in age, sex, major respiratory diagnoses, comorbidities, body mass index, and laboratory findings among the groups were analyzed.ResultsA total of 289 eligible Tibetan patients were enrolled in the study, and 46.1% (133/246) of them were at nutritional risk (NRS-2002 score ≥3). Twenty-one (7.3%) patients were at high nutritional risk (NRS-2002 score ≥5). The proportions of patients at nutritional risk were relatively high among patients with lung cancer (58.8%), interstitial lung disease (58.3%), pulmonary embolism (52.9%), and tuberculosis (50.0%). Laboratory findings showed that patients with NRS-2002 scores of 3-4 and ≥5 had lower red blood cell counts, serum albumin and hemoglobin levels, and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels than those with NRS-2002 scores < 3.ConclusionThe prevalence of nutritional risk was high among pulmonology department inpatients permanently living on the Tibetan Plateau. Patients with lung cancer, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary embolism or tuberculosis were more likely to have nutritional risk than patients with other diagnoses. The nutritional risk of inpatients in the respiratory department in the plateau area should not be ignored, and patients at high nutritional risk should receive timely intervention.
| S-EPMC9127964 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Tibetan adolescents has been largely overlooked.AimThis cross-sectional study examined the association of region-specific lifestyle, subjective perception, and clinician conditions of oral health with Tibetan adolescents' OHRQoL in Ganzi, Sichuan.MethodsThe OHRQoL was measured using standardized Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (sC-OIDP) scores. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between region-specific lifestyle, subjective perception of oral health, clinician oral health conditions (gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), dental calculus (DC), and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT)), and OHRQoL.ResultsIn total, 485 Tibetan adolescents were included. In relation to region-specific lifestyle, the factors associated with poorer OHRQoL were residence altitude of 3,300 m (compared to 1,400 m), buttered tea consumption by adolescents or mother, and being a boarding student. Regarding the subjective perception of oral health, adolescents that rated bad or very bad oral health or self-reported dental pain had poorer OHRQoL. Interestingly, clinician oral health conditions were not related to OHRQoL.ConclusionsThis study underscores the relationship between region-specific lifestyle, subjective oral health perceptions, and OHRQoL among Tibetan adolescents. Addressing these factors through tailored health initiatives can play a pivotal role in improving oral health outcomes and overall quality of life in remote regions like Ganzi. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the causality and long-term impact of targeted interventions.
| S-EPMC11771303 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pham, Luu V., Christopher Meinzen, Rafael S. Arias, Noah G. Schwartz, Adi Rattner, Catherine H. Miele, Philip L. Smith, Hartmut Schneider, J. Jaime Miranda, Robert H. Gilman, Vsevolod Y. Polotsky, William Checkley, and Alan R. Schwartz. Cross-sectional comparison of sleep-disordered breathing in native Peruvian highlanders and lowlanders. High Alt Med Biol. 18:11-19, 2017.BackgroundAltitude can accentuate sleep disordered breathing (SDB), which has been linked to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. SDB in highlanders has not been characterized in large controlled studies. The purpose of this study was to compare SDB prevalence and severity in highlanders and lowlanders.Methods170 age-, body-mass-index- (BMI), and sex-matched pairs (age 58.2 ± 12.4 years, BMI 27.2 ± 3.5 kg/m2, and 86 men and 84 women) of the CRONICAS Cohort Study were recruited at a sea-level (Lima) and a high-altitude (Puno, 3825 m) setting in Peru. Participants underwent simultaneous nocturnal polygraphy and actigraphy to characterize breathing patterns, movement arousals, and sleep/wake state. We compared SDB prevalence, type, and severity between highlanders and lowlanders as measured by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and pulse oximetry (SPO2) during sleep.ResultsSleep apnea prevalence was greater in highlanders than in lowlanders (77% vs. 54%, p < 0.001). Compared with lowlanders, highlanders had twofold elevations in AHI due to increases in central rather than obstructive apneas. In highlanders compared with lowlanders, SPO2 was lower during wakefulness and decreased further during sleep (p < 0.001). Hypoxemia during wakefulness predicted sleep apnea in highlanders, and it appears to mediate the effects of altitude on sleep apnea prevalence. Surprisingly, hypoxemia was also quite prevalent in lowlanders, and it was also associated with increased odds of sleep apnea.ConclusionsHigh altitude and hypoxemia at both high and low altitude were associated with increased SDB prevalence and severity. Our findings suggest that a large proportion of highlanders remain at risk for SDB sequelae.
| S-EPMC5361758 | biostudies-literature