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Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves.

ABSTRACT: Moringa oleifera Lam. (horseradish tree) leaves demonstrate high nutritional value, are rich in proteins, and are widely used in folk medicine and food. This study investigated the presence of secondary metabolites and antinutritional proteins in leaf extract (LE) and the protein-rich fraction (PRF) derived from M. oleifera leaves, as well as the cytotoxicity to human cells, hemolytic activity, and in vivo acute toxicity and genotoxicity in mice. The flavonoids rutin and vitexin as well as trypsin inhibitors and lectins were detected in LE and PRF. Neither sample demonstrated toxicity against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and both showed low hemolytic action. In vivo, LE and PRF did not show antinutritional effects and caused no death. The hematological parameters of the animals in the treated group were similar to those of the control. A significant increase in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and a discrete leukocyte infiltration with cytoplasmic vacuolization of the hepatocytes in the liver were detected in LE-treated animals. The preparations were not genotoxic or mutagenic. This study shows that LE and PRF are not antinutritional agents and presented low acute toxicity and no genotoxicity or mutagenicity. The present study contributes to the determination of the safety of using M. oleifera leaf proteins.

SUBMITTER: Alves RRV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11357182 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves.

Alves Robson Raion de Vasconcelos RRV de Oliveira Alisson Macário AM Dos Prazeres Gabryella Borges GB da Silva Abdênego Rodrigues AR Costa Franciele Florencio FF Barros Bárbara Rafaela da Silva BRDS Souza Talita Giselly Dos Santos TGDS Coelho Luana Cassandra Breintenbach Barroso LCBB de Melo Cristiane Moutinho Lagos CML Ferreira Magda Rhayanny Assunção MRA Soares Luiz Alberto Lira LAL Chagas Cristiano Aparecido CA Macedo Maria Lígia Rodrigues MLR Napoleão Thiago Henrique TH Fernandes Mariana Pinheiro MP Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes PMG

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 20240808 8

Moringa oleifera Lam. (horseradish tree) leaves demonstrate high nutritional value, are rich in proteins, and are widely used in folk medicine and food. This study investigated the presence of secondary metabolites and antinutritional proteins in leaf extract (LE) and the protein-rich fraction (PRF) derived from M. oleifera leaves, as well as the cytotoxicity to human cells, hemolytic activity, and in vivo acute toxicity and genotoxicity in mice. The flavonoids rutin and vitexin as ...[more]

PMID: 39204150

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Project description:Moringa oleifera, native to India, grows in tropical and subtropical regions around the world and has valuable pharmacological properties such as anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-infertility, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, antioxidant, and many more. The purpose of this study was to assess the free radical scavenging ability of two extracts and two pure compounds of M. oleifera Lam (hexane, ethanol, compound E3, and compound Ra) against reactive oxygen species, as well as their reducing power and antimicrobial activities. Bioautography antioxidant assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radical scavenging, and iron (iii) (Fe3+ to Fe2+) chloride reducing power assays were used to assess the extracts' qualitative and quantitative free radical scavenging activities. Furthermore, the extract and the compounds were tested against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains suspended in Mueller-Hinton Broth. The extracts and pure compounds showed noteworthy antioxidant potential, with positive compound bands in the Rf range of 0.05-0.89. DPPH), H2O2, and Fe3+ to Fe2+ reduction assays revealed that ethanol extract has a high antioxidant potential, followed by compound E3, compound Ra, and finally hexane extract. Using regression analysis, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for test and control samples were calculated. Compound Ra and ethanol exhibited high antioxidant activity at concentrations as low as ≈0.28 mg/mL in comparison with n-hexane extract, compound E3, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxytoluene standards. The radical scavenging activity of almost all M. oleifera plant extracts against DPPH was observed at 0.28 mg/mL; however, the highest activity was observed at the same concentration for ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) with a low IC50 value of 0.08 mg/mL and compound Ra and ethanol with a low IC50 of 0.4 mg/mL, respectively. The extracts and pure compounds of M. oleifera have little to no antibacterial potential. M. oleifera extracts contain antioxidant agents efficient to alleviate degenerative conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular disease but have little activity against infectious diseases.

Project description:Diabetic foot ulcer is a serious complication of diabetes, which affects a significant percentage (15%) of diabetics and up to 15%-24% of those affected may require amputation. Therefore, the economic burden of diabetic foot ulcers is enormous and is associated with high cost of treatment and prolongs hospitalization. The present study was conducted to evaluate antibacterial and in vivo wound healing activities of an aqueous fraction of Moringa oleifera on a diabetic condition. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using agar well and tube dilution techniques. The in vivo study was conducted using six groups of animals that comprise of one normal and diabetic control group each, three treatment groups of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w aqueous fraction, and a positive control group (1% w/w silver sulfadiazine). Rats were induced with diabetes using a combination of streptozotocin 65 and 150 mg/kg nicotinamide daily for 2 days, and excision wounds were created and treated with various doses (0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w aqueous fraction) daily for 21 days. Biophysical, histological, and biochemical parameters were investigated. The results of the study revealed that aqueous fraction possessed antibacterial activity through inhibition of growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli organisms. The topical application of aqueous fraction revealed enhancement of wound healing under sustained hyperglycemic condition for the duration of the experiment. This enhancement was achieved through decreased wound size, improved wound contraction, and tissue regeneration, as well as downregulation of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2, and upregulation of an angiogenic marker vascular endothelial growth factor in wound tissue treated with various doses of aqueous fraction of M. oleifera. The findings suggest that aqueous fraction of M. oleifera containing Vicenin-2 active compound may accelerate wound healing in hyperglycemic condition.

Dataset Information

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves.

Publications

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Leaves.

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Dataset Information

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves.

Publications

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; Lam. Leaves.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Leaves.