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Shear Thickening, Star-Shaped Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

ABSTRACT: The safety concerns associated with current lithium-ion batteries are a significant drawback. A short-circuit within the battery's internal components, such as those caused by a car accident, can lead to ignition or even explosion. To address this issue, a polymer shear thickening electrolyte, free from flammable solvents, has been developed. It comprises a star-shaped oligomer derived from a trimethylolpropane (TMP) core and polyether chains, along with the inclusion of 20 wt.% nanosilica. Notably, the star-shaped oligomer serves a dual function as both the solvent for the lithium salt and the continuous phase of the shear thickening fluid. The obtained electrolytes exhibit an ionic conductivity of the order of 10^-6 S cm^-1 at 20 °C and 10^-4 S cm^-1 at 80 °C, with a high Li⁺ transference number (t₊ = 0.79). A nearly thirtyfold increase in viscosity to a value of 1187 Pa s at 25 °C and a critical shear rate of 2 s^-1 were achieved. During impact, this electrolyte could enhance cell safety by preventing electrode short-circuiting.

SUBMITTER: Slojewska M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11357618 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Shear Thickening, Star-Shaped Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Słojewska Magdalena M Czerwiński Arkadiusz A Kaczorowski Marcin M Zygadło-Monikowska Ewa E

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20240809 16

The safety concerns associated with current lithium-ion batteries are a significant drawback. A short-circuit within the battery's internal components, such as those caused by a car accident, can lead to ignition or even explosion. To address this issue, a polymer shear thickening electrolyte, free from flammable solvents, has been developed. It comprises a star-shaped oligomer derived from a trimethylolpropane (TMP) core and polyether chains, along with the inclusion of 20 wt.% nanosilica. Nota ...[more]

PMID: 39202860

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Project description:Solid polymer electrolytes for bipolar lithium ion batteries requiring electrochemical stability of 4.5 V vs. Li/Li+ are presented. Thus, imidazolium-containing poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) networks were prepared by crosslinking UV-photopolymerization in an in situ approach (i.e., to allow preparation directly on the electrodes used). The crosslinks in the network improve the mechanical stability of the samples, as indicated by the free-standing nature of the materials and temperature-dependent rheology measurements. The averaged mesh size calculated from rheologoical measurements varied between 1.66 nm with 10 mol% crosslinker and 4.35 nm without crosslinker. The chemical structure of the ionic liquid (IL) monomers in the network was varied to achieve the highest possible ionic conductivity. The systematic variation in three series with a number of new IL monomers offers a direct comparison of samples obtained under comparable conditions. The ionic conductivity of generation II and III PIL networks was improved by three orders of magnitude, to the range of 7.1 × 10-6 S·cm-1 at 20 °C and 2.3 × 10-4 S·cm-1 at 80 °C, compared to known poly(vinylimidazolium·TFSI) materials (generation I). The transition from linear homopolymers to networks reduces the ionic conductivity by about one order of magnitude, but allows free-standing films instead of sticky materials. The PIL networks have a much higher voltage stability than PEO with the same amount and type of conducting salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). GII-PIL networks are electrochemically stable up to a potential of 4.7 V vs. Li/Li+, which is crucial for a potential application as a solid electrolyte. Cycling (cyclovoltammetry and lithium plating-stripping) experiments revealed that it is possible to conduct lithium ions through the GII-polymer networks at low currents. We concluded that the synthesized PIL networks represent suitable candidates for solid-state electrolytes in lithium ion batteries or solid-state batteries.

Dataset Information

Shear Thickening, Star-Shaped Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Publications

Shear Thickening, Star-Shaped Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

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