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Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Chlorella-like isolates from low pH environments (pH < 3.0).

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Little is known about phytoplankton communities inhabiting low pH environments such as volcanic and geothermal sites or acidic waters. Only specialised organisms are able to tolerate such extreme conditions. There is, thus, low species diversity. We have characterised the previously isolated acid tolerant Chlorella-like microalgae Viridiella fridericiana and Chlorella protothecoides var. acidicola by microscopical and biomolecular methods in order to assess their phylogenetic relationships. RESULTS:Both isolates belong to the trebouxiophycean lineage of chlorophytes. 18S and ITS1 sequence data clearly confirm that Viridiella fridericiana constitutes a new genus apart from the morphologically similar and likewise acid tolerant microalga Chlorella saccharophila. Chlorella protothecoides var. acidicola on the other hand is not a variety of Chlorella protothecoides but falls within a heterogeneous cluster consisting of Nannochloris, "Chlorella" spec. Yanaqocha, and Koliella, and is most closely related to algae which were also isolated from extreme environments. CONCLUSIONS:The distribution of acid tolerant strains in the 18S rRNA tree shows that acquisition of acid tolerance was unlikely a monophyletic event in green microalgae. We propose that different strains have independently adapted to extreme environments. Some of them have spread worldwide and were able to colonise other extreme habitats. Considering the problems of successfully isolating acid tolerant strains, acidic soils could represent an unsuspected source of biological diversity with high potential for biotechnological utilisations.

SUBMITTER: Huss VA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC126256 | biostudies-literature | 2002 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Chlorella-like isolates from low pH environments (pH < 3.0).

Huss Volker A R VA Ciniglia Claudia C Cennamo Paola P Cozzolino Salvatore S Pinto Gabriele G Pollio Antonino A

BMC evolutionary biology 20020826

<h4>Background</h4>Little is known about phytoplankton communities inhabiting low pH environments such as volcanic and geothermal sites or acidic waters. Only specialised organisms are able to tolerate such extreme conditions. There is, thus, low species diversity. We have characterised the previously isolated acid tolerant Chlorella-like microalgae Viridiella fridericiana and Chlorella protothecoides var. acidicola by microscopical and biomolecular methods in order to assess their phylogenetic ...[more]

PMID: 12194702

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Project description:We aim to assess the influence of phylogenetic scale on the relationships of taxonomic and phylogenetic turnovers with environment for angiosperms in China. Specifically, we quantify the effects of contemporary climate on β-diversity at different phylogenetic scales representing different evolutionary depths of angiosperms. We sampled a latitudinal gradient and a longitudinal gradient of angiosperm assemblages across China (each ≥3400 km). Species composition in each assemblage was documented. Three metrics of β-diversity (βsim.tax measuring taxonomic β-diversity; βsim.phy and Dpw measuring tip- and basal-weighted phylogenetic β-diversity, respectively) were quantified among assemblages at sequential depths in the evolutionary history of angiosperms from the tips to deeper branches. This was done by slicing the angiosperm phylogenetic tree at six evolutionary depths (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 million years ago). β-diversity at each evolutionary depth was related to geographic and climatic distances between assemblages. In general, the relationship between β-diversity and climatic distance decreased from shallow to deep evolutionary time slice for all the three metrics. The slopes of the decreasing trends for βsim.tax and βsim.phy were much steeper for the latitudinal gradient than for the longitudinal gradient. The decreasing trend of the strength of the relationship was monotonic in all cases except for Dpw across the longitudinal gradient. Geographic distance between assemblages explained little variation in β-diversity that was not explained by climatic distance. Our study shows that the strength of the relationship between β-diversity and climatic distance decreases conspicuously from shallow to deep evolutionary depth for the latitudinal gradient, but this decreasing trend is less steep for the longitudinal gradient than for the latitudinal gradient, which likely reflects the influence of historical processes (e.g., the collision of the Indian plate with the Eurasian plate) on β-diversity.

Dataset Information

Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Chlorella-like isolates from low pH environments (pH < 3.0).

Publications

Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Chlorella-like isolates from low pH environments (pH < 3.0).

Similar Datasets

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