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Infection outcome and cytokine gene expression in Brugia pahangi- infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) sensitized with Brucella abortus.

ABSTRACT: Filarial infections have been associated with the development of a strongly polarized Th2 host immune response and a severe impairment of mitogen-driven proliferation and type 1 cytokine production in mice and humans. The role of this polarization in the development of the broad spectra of clinical manifestations of lymphatic filariasis is still unknown. Recently, data gathered from humans as well as from immunocompromised mouse models suggest that filariasis elicits a complex host immune response involving both Th1 and Th2 components. However, responses of a similar nature have not been reported in immunologically intact permissive models of Brugia infection. Brucella abortus-killed S19 was inoculated into the Brugia-permissive gerbil host to induce gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production. Gerbils were then infected with B. pahangi, and the effect of the polarized Th1 responses on worm establishment and host cellular response was measured. Animals infected with both B. abortus and B. pahangi showed increased IFN-gamma and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA levels compared with those in animals infected with B. pahangi alone. These data suggest that the prior sensitization with B. abortus may induce a down regulation of the Th2 response associated with Brugia infection. This reduced Th2 response was associated with a reduced eosinophilia and an increased neutrophilia in the peritoneal exudate cells. The changes in cytokine and cellular environment did not inhibit the establishment of B. pahangi intraperitoneally. The data presented here suggest a complex relationship between the host immune response and parasite establishment and survival that cannot be simply ascribed to the Th1/Th2 paradigm.

SUBMITTER: Chirgwin SR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC130301 | biostudies-literature | 2002 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Infection outcome and cytokine gene expression in Brugia pahangi- infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) sensitized with Brucella abortus.

Chirgwin Sharon R SR Elzer Philip H PH Coleman Sharon U SU Nowling Jena M JM Hagius Sue D SD Edmonds Matthew D MD Klei Thomas R TR

Infection and immunity 20021101 11

Filarial infections have been associated with the development of a strongly polarized Th2 host immune response and a severe impairment of mitogen-driven proliferation and type 1 cytokine production in mice and humans. The role of this polarization in the development of the broad spectra of clinical manifestations of lymphatic filariasis is still unknown. Recently, data gathered from humans as well as from immunocompromised mouse models suggest that filariasis elicits a complex host immune respon ...[more]

PMID: 12379668

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Project description:BackgroundA granulomatous inflammatory response develops in jirds infected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with filarial nematodes namely Brugia pahangi and B. malayi. Previous studies by light and electron microscopy have shown cellular inflammatory responses in and around these granulomas. Furthermore, the cellular inflammatory responses of granulomas found in the lymphatics and peritoneal cavity appear to be similar. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytokine profiles of granulomas in the peritoneal cavity of B. pahangi-infected jirds and to determine whether the granulomas release any proinflammatory cytokines ex vivo.MethodsA semiautomated quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) was performed on cDNA prepared from the granulomas of infected jirds to study the species-specific mRNA expression of IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma, IL-5, and IL-10. Genomic DNA was extracted from the granulomas, and parasite DNA was detected by Q-PCR by amplifying the HhaI repeat sequence. The levels of the inflammation-causing cytokines IL-6 and TNFalpha that were secreted by the granulomas were measured by cell-based assays.ResultsFlorid granulomas showed higher levels of IFN-gamma than other cytokines, linking this Th1 cytokine to the granulomatous inflammation that develops in jirds and humans. IL-4 expression was much lower than that of IFN-gamma but higher than that of IL-10. A low level of IL-5 mRNA expression was detectable in all granulomas as was the level of IL-2 expression. The levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFalpha, secreted by intact granulomas, spontaneously increased by 48 h after culture. Parasite antigen stimulation and subsequent release of IL-6 and TNFalpha by the granulomas indicated a moderate increase in the levels of these two cytokines. The amplification of the Brugia HhaI repeat DNA and Wolbachia 16S rDNA indicated worm components and bacterial components in the granulomatous tissue.ConclusionGranuloma development in filarial infections is a complex process involving cellular reactions responding to parasite/bacteria and their components. The interactions between worm-derived granulomas and their hosts are dynamic and multifaceted. The data collected thus far suggest that the expression profiles of many of the measured cytokines in the lymphoid tissues of Brugia-infected jirds are different from those of the cytokines in granulomas. Moreover, granulomas have the ability to secrete the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFalpha.

Dataset Information

Infection outcome and cytokine gene expression in Brugia pahangi- infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) sensitized with Brucella abortus.

Publications

Infection outcome and cytokine gene expression in Brugia pahangi- infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) sensitized with Brucella abortus.

Similar Datasets

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