Dataset Information

Identification, cloning and characterization of a plasma membrane zinc efflux transporter, TrZnT-1, from fugu pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes).

ABSTRACT: An orthologue of the mammalian ZnT-1 (zinc transporter-1) gene was cloned from the intestine of the torafugu pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes), demonstrating that this gene predates the evolution of land-living vertebrates. TrZnT-1 (T. rubripes ZnT-1) shares overall topology with other members of the ZnT-1 family of zinc transporters, with six TMs (transmembrane domains) including a large histidine-rich intracellular loop between TM IV and V and intracellular C- and N-termini. Expression of TrZnT-1 in a metallothionein acquiescent cell line suggested that this protein reduces intracellular Zn2+ levels. Manipulation of the transporting media showed that several externally applied hydrominerals had no effect on TrZnT-1 activity. However, addition of N-ethylmaleimide increased TrZnT-1-mediated transport, possibly by increasing intracellular free Zn2+ levels by Zn2+ release from carrier proteins. Generation of a specific antibody and subsequent immunocytochemistry on fixed cells overexpressing TrZnT-1 indicated that the protein is localized to the plasma membrane in these cells. The genomic organization of TrZnT-1 is the same as that in mammals with two exons. The upstream regulatory region of the TrZnT-1 gene contains several putative cis-acting elements, including metal-response elements and an Sp1 site. Analysis of the DNA contigs surrounding the TrZnT-1 gene reveal limited synteny between corresponding regions in the rat, mouse and human; however, this was very low, with only two syntenic genes, ZnT-1 and NEK2 (never in mitosis gene A-related kinase).

SUBMITTER: Balesaria S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1408679 | biostudies-literature | 2006 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification, cloning and characterization of a plasma membrane zinc efflux transporter, TrZnT-1, from fugu pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes).

Balesaria Sara S Hogstrand Christer C

The Biochemical journal 20060301 Pt 2

An orthologue of the mammalian ZnT-1 (zinc transporter-1) gene was cloned from the intestine of the torafugu pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes), demonstrating that this gene predates the evolution of land-living vertebrates. TrZnT-1 (T. rubripes ZnT-1) shares overall topology with other members of the ZnT-1 family of zinc transporters, with six TMs (transmembrane domains) including a large histidine-rich intracellular loop between TM IV and V and intracellular C- and N-termini. Expression of TrZnT-1 ...[more]

PMID: 16212555

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Project description:BackgroundGuanine protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a eukaryotic transmembrane protein family and function as "molecular switches" in the second messenger cascades and are found in all organisms between yeast and humans. They form the single, biggest drug-target family due to their versatility of action and their role in several physiological functions, being active players in detecting the presence of light, a variety of smells and tastes, amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, chemicals etc. in the environment of the cell. Comparative genomic studies on model organisms provide information on target receptors in humans and their function. The Japanese teleost Fugu has been identified as one of the smallest vertebrate genomes and a compact model to study the human genome, owing to the great similarity in its gene repertoire with that of human and other vertebrates. Thus the characterization of the GPCRs of Fugu would provide insights to the evolution of the vertebrate genome.ResultsWe classified the GPCRs in the Fugu genome and our analysis of its 316 membrane-bound receptors, available on the public databases as well as from literature, detected 298 GPCRs that were grouped into five main families according to the GRAFS classification system (namely, Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled and Secretin). We also identified 18 other GPCRs that could not be grouped under the GRAFS family and hence were classified as 'Other 7TM' receptors. On comparison of the GPCR information from the Fugu genome with those in the human and chicken genomes, we detected 96.83% (306/316) and 96.51% (305/316) orthology in GPCRs among the Fugu-human genomes and Fugu-chicken genomes, respectively.ConclusionsThis study reveals the position of pisces in vertebrate evolution from the GPCR perspective. Fugu can act as a reference model for the human genome for other protein families as well, going by the high orthology observed for GPCRs between Fugu and human. The evolutionary comparison of GPCR sequences between key vertebrate classes of mammals, birds and fish will help in identifying key functional residues and motifs so as to fill in the blanks in the evolution of GPCRs in vertebrates.

Project description:Intestinal autochthonous bacteria play important roles in the maintenance of the physiological homeostasis of animals, especially contributing to the host immune system. In the present study, the variation of autochthonous bacterial community in the intestinal tract of 2-7 months-old tiger pufferfish Takifugu rubripes and bacterial communities in the seawater of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and the following offshore sea cage aquaculture system (OSCS) were analyzed during the aquaculture period from May to October 2021. Proteobacteria was found to be the most dominant phyla in both intestinal and seawater bacterial communities, which accounted for 68.82% and 65.65% of the total bacterial abundance, respectively. Arcobacter was the most core bacterial taxon in the intestinal bacterial community, with the most dominant abundance (42.89%) at the genus level and dominant positions in co-occurrence relationships with other bacterial taxa (node-betweenness value of 150). Enterococcaceae was specifically enriched in the intestinal bacterial community of pufferfishes from RAS, while Vibrionaceae was enriched in the intestinal bacterial community from OSCS. The F-values of beta diversity analysis between intestinal and seawater bacterial communities generally increased from May (6.69) to October (32.32), indicating the increasing differences between the intestinal and seawater bacterial communities along with the aquaculture process. Four bacterial taxa of Weissella sp., Akkermansia muciniphila, Dietzia sp. and Psychrobacter pacificensis had significant correlations with immune response parameters, and they were suggested to be the indicators for immune status and pathological process of pufferfish. The knowledge about the specific core bacteria, potentially pathogenic bacteria and the change of bacterial community in the intestinal tract of cultured pufferfish is of great scientific significance and will contribute to the understanding of intestinal bacterial homeostasis and biosecurity practice in pufferfish aquaculture.

Dataset Information

Identification, cloning and characterization of a plasma membrane zinc efflux transporter, TrZnT-1, from fugu pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes).

Publications

Identification, cloning and characterization of a plasma membrane zinc efflux transporter, TrZnT-1, from fugu pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes).

Similar Datasets

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