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Quantitative genetics of vector competence for La Crosse virus and body size in Ochlerotatus hendersoni and Ochlerotatus triseriatus interspecific hybrids.

ABSTRACT: La Crosse virus is a leading cause of pediatric encephalitis in the United States. The mosquito Ochlerotatus triseriatus is an efficient vector for La Crosse virus, whereas the closely related O. hendersoni transmits only at very low rates. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting the ability to orally transmit this virus and adult body size were identified in 164 F(2) female individuals from interspecific crosses of O. hendersoni females and O. triseriatus males using a combination of composite interval mapping (CIM), interval mapping (IM) for binary traits, and single-marker mapping. For oral transmission (OT), no genome locations exceeded the 95% experimentwise threshold for declaring a QTL using IM, but single-marker analysis identified four independent regions significantly associated with OT that we considered as tentative QTL. With two QTL, an increase in OT was associated with alleles from the refractory vector, O. hendersoni, and likely reflect epistatic interactions between genes that were uncovered by our interspecific crosses. For body size, two QTL were identified using CIM and a third tentative QTL was identified using single-marker analysis. The genome regions associated with body size also contain three QTL controlling OT, suggesting that these regions contain either single genes with pleiotropic effects or multiple linked genes independently determining each trait.

SUBMITTER: Anderson JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1449537 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Quantitative genetics of vector competence for La Crosse virus and body size in Ochlerotatus hendersoni and Ochlerotatus triseriatus interspecific hybrids.

Anderson Justin R JR Schneider Jennifer R JR Grimstad Paul R PR Severson David W DW

Genetics 20050116 3

La Crosse virus is a leading cause of pediatric encephalitis in the United States. The mosquito Ochlerotatus triseriatus is an efficient vector for La Crosse virus, whereas the closely related O. hendersoni transmits only at very low rates. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting the ability to orally transmit this virus and adult body size were identified in 164 F(2) female individuals from interspecific crosses of O. hendersoni females and O. triseriatus males using a combination of composite ...[more]

PMID: 15654112

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Project description:BackgroundLa Crosse virus (LACV) is a pathogenic arbovirus that is transovarially transmitted by Aedes triseriatus mosquitoes and overwinters in diapausing eggs. However, previous models predicted transovarial transmission (TOT) to be insufficient to maintain LACV in nature.ResultsTo investigate this issue, we reared mosquitoes from field-collected eggs and assayed adults individually for LACV antigen, viral RNA by RT-PCR, and infectious virus. The mosquitoes had three distinct infection phenotypes: 1) super infected (SI+) mosquitoes contained infectious virus, large accumulations of viral antigen and RNA and comprised 17 of 17,825 (0.09%) of assayed mosquitoes, 2) infected mosquitoes (I+) contained no detectable infectious virus, lesser amounts of viral antigen and RNA, and comprised 3.7% of mosquitoes, and 3) non-infected mosquitoes (I-) contained no detectable viral antigen, RNA, or infectious virus and comprised 96.21% of mosquitoes. SI+ mosquitoes were recovered in consecutive years at one field site, suggesting that lineages of TOT stably-infected and geographically isolated Ae. triseriatus exist in nature. Analyses of LACV genomes showed that SI+ isolates are not monophyletic nor phylogenetically distinct and that synonymous substitution rates exceed replacement rates in all genes and isolates. Analysis of singleton versus shared mutations (Fu and Li's F*) revealed that the SI+ LACV M segment, with a large and significant excess of intermediate-frequency alleles, evolves through disruptive selection that maintains SI+ alleles at higher frequencies than the average mutation rate. A QTN in the LACV NSm gene was detected in SI+ mosquitoes, but not in I+ mosquitoes. Four amino acid changes were detected in the LACV NSm gene from SI+ but not I+ mosquitoes from one site, and may condition vector super infection. In contrast to NSm, the NSs sequences of LACV from SI+ and I+ mosquitoes were identical.ConclusionsSI+ mosquitoes may represent stabilized infections of Ae. triseriatus mosquitoes, which could maintain LACV in nature. A gene-for-gene interaction involving the viral NSm gene and a vector innate immune response gene may condition stabilized infection.

Dataset Information

Quantitative genetics of vector competence for La Crosse virus and body size in Ochlerotatus hendersoni and Ochlerotatus triseriatus interspecific hybrids.

Publications

Quantitative genetics of vector competence for La Crosse virus and body size in Ochlerotatus hendersoni and Ochlerotatus triseriatus interspecific hybrids.

Similar Datasets

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