Dataset Information

Clustering of smoking, alcohol drinking and cannabis use in adolescents in a rapidly developing country.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Smoking, alcohol drinking and cannabis use ("risk behaviors") are often initiated at a young age but few epidemiological studies have assessed their joined prevalence in children in developing countries. This study aims at examining the joint prevalence of these behaviors in adolescents in the Seychelles, a rapidly developing country in the Indian Ocean.

Methods

Cross-sectional survey in a representative sample of secondary school students using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire (Global Youth Tobacco Survey). The questionnaire was completed by 1,321 (92%) of 1,442 eligible students aged 11 to 17 years. Main variables of interest included smoking cigarettes on > or =1 day in the past 30 days; drinking any alcohol beverage on > or =1 day in the past 30 days and using cannabis at least once in the past 12 months.

Results

In boys and girls, respectively, prevalence (95% CI) was 30% (26-34)/21% (18-25) for smoking, 49% (45-54)/48% (43-52) for drinking, and 17% (15-20)/8% (6-10) for cannabis use. The prevalence of all these behaviors increased with age. Smokers were two times more likely than non-smokers to drink and nine times more likely to use cannabis. Drinkers were three times more likely than non-drinkers to smoke or to use cannabis. Comparison of observed versus expected frequencies of combination categories demonstrated clustering of these risk behaviors in students (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Smoking, drinking and cannabis use were common and clustered among adolescents of a rapidly developing country. These findings stress the need for early and integrated prevention programs.

SUBMITTER: Faeh D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1564395 | biostudies-literature | 2006 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Clustering of smoking, alcohol drinking and cannabis use in adolescents in a rapidly developing country.

Faeh David D Viswanathan Bharathi B Chiolero Arnaud A Warren Wick W Bovet Pascal P

BMC public health 20060627

<h4>Background</h4>Smoking, alcohol drinking and cannabis use ("risk behaviors") are often initiated at a young age but few epidemiological studies have assessed their joined prevalence in children in developing countries. This study aims at examining the joint prevalence of these behaviors in adolescents in the Seychelles, a rapidly developing country in the Indian Ocean.<h4>Methods</h4>Cross-sectional survey in a representative sample of secondary school students using an anonymous self-admini ...[more]

PMID: 16803621

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Project description:AIMS:To inform research on the etiology and prevention of substance use among rural African American youth by (a) identifying developmental trajectory classes of cannabis use and heavy drinking across adolescence and young adulthood and (b) examining associations between trajectory class membership and multi-level assessments of risk factors. DESIGN:A prospective study spanning 9 years with assessments of cannabis use and heavy drinking, the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine, perceived stress and psychosocial risk factors. SETTING:Rural communities in the southeastern United States. PARTICIPANTS:African American youth (n = 518). MEASUREMENTS:Participants were assessed for cannabis use and heavy drinking at seven assessments beginning at 16 years of age and continuing to 25 years of age. At age 19, participants provided overnight urine voids that were assayed for catecholamines, a biological marker of life stress resulting from sympathetic nervous system activation. At ages 16 and 19, participants provided information on malleable psychosocial risk factors. FINDINGS:Latent class growth models revealed three distinct trajectory classes for cannabis use and for heavy drinking. Higher levels of circulating stress hormones and perceived stress were associated with classes reporting greater substance use over time (all Ps < 0.05). A composite of selected risk factors discriminated class membership (all Ps < 0.05). Trajectory classes characterized by rapid usage increases in early adulthood exhibited the greatest increase in deviant peer affiliations between ages 16 and 19 years. CONCLUSIONS:Rural African American youth's cannabis use and heavy drinking across adolescence and young adulthood demonstrate distinct developmental courses; a small number of risk factors and measures of biological and perceived stress differentiate class membership prognostically. Variability over time in these measures, specifically an increase in deviant peer affiliation, may help to account for steep increases in young adulthood.

Dataset Information

Clustering of smoking, alcohol drinking and cannabis use in adolescents in a rapidly developing country.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Clustering of smoking, alcohol drinking and cannabis use in adolescents in a rapidly developing country.

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