Dataset Information

Voltage-dependent conformational changes in human Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) channel, revealed by voltage-clamp fluorometry.

ABSTRACT: Large conductance voltage- and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels regulate important physiological processes such as neurotransmitter release and vascular tone. BK(Ca) channels possess a voltage sensor mainly represented by the S4 transmembrane domain. Changes in membrane potential displace the voltage sensor, producing a conformational change that leads to channel opening. By site-directed fluorescent labeling of residues in the S3-S4 region and by using voltage clamp fluorometry, we have resolved the conformational changes the channel undergoes during activation. The voltage dependence of these conformational changes (detected as changes in fluorescence emission, fluorescence vs. voltage curves) always preceded the channel activation curves, as expected for protein rearrangements associated to the movement of the voltage sensor. Extremely slow conformational changes were revealed by fluorescent labeling of position 202, elicited by a mutual interaction of the fluorophore with the adjacent tryptophan 203.

SUBMITTER: Savalli N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1567928 | biostudies-literature | 2006 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Voltage-dependent conformational changes in human Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) channel, revealed by voltage-clamp fluorometry.

Savalli Nicoletta N Kondratiev Andrei A Toro Ligia L Olcese Riccardo R

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20060808 33

Large conductance voltage- and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels regulate important physiological processes such as neurotransmitter release and vascular tone. BK(Ca) channels possess a voltage sensor mainly represented by the S4 transmembrane domain. Changes in membrane potential displace the voltage sensor, producing a conformational change that leads to channel opening. By site-directed fluorescent labeling of residues in the S3-S4 region and by using voltage clamp fluorometry, we have ...[more]

PMID: 16895996

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Project description:Whereas electrogenic partial reactions of the Na,K-ATPase have been studied in depth, much less is known about the influence of the membrane potential on the electroneutrally operating gastric H,K-ATPase. In this work, we investigated site-specifically fluorescence-labeled H,K-ATPase expressed in Xenopus oocytes by voltage clamp fluorometry to monitor the voltage-dependent distribution between E(1)P and E(2)P states and measured Rb(+) uptake under various ionic and pH conditions. The steady-state E(1)P/E(2)P distribution, as indicated by the voltage-dependent fluorescence amplitudes and the Rb(+) uptake activity were highly sensitive to small changes in intracellular pH, whereas even large extracellular pH changes affected neither the E(1)P/E(2)P distribution nor transport activity. Notably, intracellular acidification by approximately 0.5 pH units shifted V(0.5), the voltage, at which the E(1)P/E(2)P ratio is 50?50, by -100 mV. This was paralleled by an approximately two-fold acceleration of the forward rate constant of the E(1)P?E(2)P transition and a similar increase in the rate of steady-state cation transport. The temperature dependence of Rb(+) uptake yielded an activation energy of ?90 kJ/mol, suggesting that ion transport is rate-limited by a major conformational transition. The pronounced sensitivity towards intracellular pH suggests that proton uptake from the cytoplasmic side controls the level of phosphoenzyme entering the E(1)P?E(2)P conformational transition, thus limiting ion transport of the gastric H,K-ATPase. These findings highlight the significance of cellular mechanisms contributing to increased proton availability in the cytoplasm of gastric parietal cells. Furthermore, we show that extracellular Na(+) profoundly alters the voltage-dependent E(1)P/E(2)P distribution indicating that Na(+) ions can act as surrogates for protons regarding the E(2)P?E(1)P transition. The complexity of the intra- and extracellular cation effects can be rationalized by a kinetic model suggesting that cations reach the binding sites through a rather high-field intra- and a rather low-field extracellular access channel, with fractional electrical distances of ?0.5 and ?0.2, respectively.

Dataset Information

Voltage-dependent conformational changes in human Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) channel, revealed by voltage-clamp fluorometry.

Publications

Voltage-dependent conformational changes in human Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) channel, revealed by voltage-clamp fluorometry.

Similar Datasets

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