Low incidence of syphilis among factory workers in Ethiopia: effect of an intervention based on education and counselling.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sahlu T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1744445 | biostudies-literature | 2002 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Low incidence of syphilis among factory workers in Ethiopia: effect of an intervention based on education and counselling.
Sahlu T T de Wit T Rinke TR Tsegaye A A Mekonnen Y Y Beyene A A Hailu B B Coutinho R A RA Fontanet A A
Sexually transmitted infections 20020401 2
<h4>Background</h4>The prevalence and incidence of syphilis infection were examined in a cohort study of factory workers in Ethiopia.<h4>Method</h4>Between February 1997 and March 1999, 409 men and 348 women were enrolled and followed in the cohort study.<h4>Results</h4>The prevalence (95% CI) of past/current syphilis (positive TPPA serology) was 28.9% (25.7% to 32.3%), and factors associated with past/current syphilis were markers of risky sexual behaviours including HIV infection. In this coho ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundThough school-aged children (SAC) are at high risk of malaria, they are the ones that benefit the least from malaria prevention measures. A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of malaria prevention education (MPE) on insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) utilization and prompt diagnosis, reported incidence and treatment (PDAT) of malaria. Qualitative evaluation of the implementation of such interventions is vital to explain its effectiveness and will serve as guidance for future interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the MPE in southern Ethiopia. METHODS: The trial was registered in Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR202001837195738) on 21/01/2020. A descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interview with participants of the MPE was conducted in January 2020 and January 2021. The collected data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. The analysis of the data was supported by NVivo.ResultsThe four themes identified after evaluation of MPE training were the setup of the training, challenges for the success of the training, anticipated challenges for practice as per the protocol and experienced immediate influences of the training. Participants appreciated the training: content covered, way of delivery and the mix of the participants. The context specific facilitators to bed net use were the collateral benefits of ITN and perceived at high risk of malaria while its barriers were quality and quantity of the bed nets, bed net associated discomforts, malaria health literacy and housing condition. Severeness of malaria symptoms and malaria health literacy were reported as both barriers and facilitators of the PDAT of malaria. The identified facilitators of PDAT of malaria were health professionals' attitude and exposure to MPE while its barriers were poverty, use of traditional medicine, health facility problems and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.ConclusionLow attendance of parents in the training was the major challenge for the success of MPE. National malaria program should ensure the access to malaria prevention measures; and future studies using increased frequency of the intervention embedded with monitoring adherence to the intervention protocol shall be conducted to improve the gains from existing malaria interventions.
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Project description:OBJECTIVE:Management of diet-related chronic diseases may benefit from improved nutrition education of medical students. This study aims to investigate the effects of a nutrition education course on nutritional knowledge and intentions towards nutritional counselling in Dutch medical students. DESIGN:This is a pre-post intervention study with a comparison group. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires on nutritional knowledge and intentions towards nutritional counselling. PARTICIPANTS:In total, 118 medical students (64.4% undergraduate, 73.2% women) were recruited from two medical schools in the Netherlands (n=66 intervention group, n=52 comparison group). INTERVENTION:The intervention group completed a 25-hour course in nutritional counselling (the Students Experienced in Lifestyle and Food (SELF) course) in addition to the standard medical curriculum. The comparison group followed the standard medical curriculum. OUTCOME MEASURES:Self-reported nutritional knowledge and intentions towards nutritional counselling, including attitude, self-efficacy and social support. RESULTS:Nutritional knowledge (B: 2.42, 95%?CI 1.81 to 3.02), attitude in men (B: 0.50, 95%?CI 0.13 to 0.87) and self-efficacy (B: 0.78, 95%?CI 0.62 to 0.95) significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the comparison group. No significant differences were found for social support (B: 0.20, 95%?CI -0.02 to 0.43) and attitude in women (B: 0.08, 95%?CI -0.24 to 0.31) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS:The SELF course increased medical students' nutritional knowledge and stimulated their intentions towards nutritional counselling. Future research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact of nutrition education interventions on physician practice patterns and patient outcomes.
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Project description:BackgroundIn 2013, an unusually high incidence of biliary tract cancer among current or former workers of the offset color proof printing department of a printing company in Osaka, Japan, was reported. The purpose of this study was to examine whether distance from the printing factory was associated with incidence of biliary tract cancer and whether incident biliary tract cancer cases clustered around the printing factory in Osaka using population-based cancer registry data.MethodsWe estimated the age-standardized incidence ratio of biliary tract cancer according to distance from this printing factory. We also searched for clusters of biliary tract cancer incidence using spatial scan statistics.ResultsWe did not observe statistically significantly high or low standardized incidence ratios for residents in each area categorized by distance from the printing factory for the entire sample or for either sex. The scan statistics did not show any statistically significant clustering of biliary tract cancer incidence anywhere in Osaka prefecture in 2004-2007.ConclusionsThere was no statistically significant clustering of biliary tract cancer incidence around the printing factory or in any other areas in Osaka, Japan, between 2004 and 2007. To date, even if some substances have diffused outside this source factory, they do not appear to have influenced the incidence of biliary tract cancer in neighboring residents.
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