Interface between valve disease and ischaemic heart disease.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Iung B
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1760937 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Microbiome and Metabolome in Ischaemic Heart Disease
| PRJEB46098 | ENA
Project description:Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common disorder that affects the quality of life of many patients. It is prevalent in more than half of males aged over 60 years. Increasing evidence suggests that ED is predominantly a vascular disorder. Endothelial dysfunction seems to be the common pathological process causing ED. Many common risk factors for atherosclerosis such as diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity and hyperlipidaemia are prevalent in patients with ED and so management of these common cardiovascular risk factors can potentially prevent ED. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors provide short-term change of haemodynamic factors to help initiate and maintain penile erection. They have been shown to be an effective and safe treatment strategy for ED in patients with heart disease, including those with ischaemic heart disease and hypertension.
| S-EPMC6331774 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:Hematopoietic-derived cells have been reported in heart valves but remain poorly characterized. Interestingly, recent studies reveal infiltration of leukocytes and increased macrophages in human myxomatous mitral valves. Nevertheless, timing and contribution of macrophages in normal valves and myxomatous valve disease are still unknown. The objective is to characterize leukocytes during postnatal heart valve maturation and identify macrophage subsets in myxomatous valve disease. APPROACH AND RESULTS:Leukocytes are detected in heart valves after birth, and their numbers increase during postnatal valve development. Flow cytometry and immunostaining analysis indicate that almost all valve leukocytes are myeloid cells, consisting of at least 2 differentially localized macrophage subsets and dendritic cells. Beginning a week after birth, increased numbers of CCR2+ (C-C chemokine receptor type 2) macrophages are present, consistent with infiltrating populations of monocytes, and macrophages are localized in regions of biomechanical stress in the valve leaflets. Valve leukocytes maintain expression of CD (cluster of differentiation) 45 and do not contribute to significant numbers of endothelial or interstitial cells. Macrophage lineages were examined in aortic and mitral valves of Axin2 KO (knockout) mice that exhibit myxomatous features. Infiltrating CCR2+ monocytes and expansion of CD206-expressing macrophages are localized in regions where modified heavy chain hyaluronan is observed in myxomatous valve leaflets. Similar colocalization of modified hyaluronan and increased numbers of macrophages were observed in human myxomatous valve disease. CONCLUSIONS:Our study demonstrates the heterogeneity of myeloid cells in heart valves and highlights an alteration of macrophage subpopulations, notably an increased presence of infiltrating CCR2+ monocytes and CD206+ macrophages, in myxomatous valve disease.
| S-EPMC5823761 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6463978 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:Anaemia is a risk of worsening heart failure. However, anaemia sometimes remains undetected because the superficial cardiac function does not precisely reflect the adverse impact of anaemia. Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) could be helpful in these cases. However, the direct anaemic effects on BNP remain unknown. Herein, we compared the direct effect of anaemia on BNP and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) using an advanced statistical procedure. DESIGN:A retrospective study. SETTING:Secondary care (cardiology), single-centre study. PARTICIPANTS:The study consisted of 3756 inpatients, including 684 without ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and 3072 with IHD. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Relationship between plasma BNP levels and LVEF values. RESULTS:A path model was constructed to simultaneously examine the adverse impact of anaemia on LVEF and plasma BNP, allowing for renal function. The path model revealed that LVEF increased in response to low haemoglobin (Hb), and the phenomenon was prominent in non-IHD (standardised regression coefficients (St.β): -0.264, p<0.001) rather than in IHD (St.β: 0.015, p=0.531). However, the response of BNP was commonly observed in both groups (non-IHD St.β: -0.238, IHD St.β: -0.398, p<0.001, respectively). Additionally, this study showed a direct link between low estimated glomerular filtration rate and high BNP independently of LVEF. Incrementally, Bayesian structural equation modelling in covariance structure analysis clearly supported this result. The scatter plots and simple regression analysis revealed that an adequate blood supply was approximately Hb 110 g/L and over in the non-IHD patients, whereas blood was not supplied in sufficient quantities even by Hb 130 g/L in patients with IHD. CONCLUSION:The current study demonstrated that anaemia was a substantial risk for worsening cardiac overload as estimated by plasma BNP. The anaemic response of LVEF likely changed depending on underlying cardiac disorders (IHD or not). However, the response of BNP was robustly observed.
| S-EPMC6429955 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveLinear and non-linear dose-response relationships between radiation absorbed dose to the lung from internally deposited uranium and external sources and circulatory system disease (CSD) mortality were examined in a cohort of 23 731 male and 5552 female US uranium enrichment workers.MethodsRate ratios (RRs) for categories of lung dose and linear excess relative rates (ERRs) per unit lung dose were estimated to evaluate the associations between lung absorbed dose and death from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease.ResultsThere was a suggestion of modestly increased IHD risk in workers with internal uranium lung dose above 1 milligray (mGy) (RR=1.4, 95% CI 0.76 to 2.3) and a statistically significantly increased IHD risk with external dose exceeding 150 mGy (RR=1.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6) compared with the lowest exposed groups. ERRs per milligray were positive for IHD and uranium internal dose and for both outcomes per gray external dose, although the CIs generally included the null.ConclusionsNon-linear dose-response models using restricted cubic splines revealed sublinear responses at lower internal doses, suggesting that linear models that are common in radioepidemiological cancer studies may poorly describe the association between uranium internal dose and CSD mortality.
| S-EPMC8647719 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDiabetes has strongly been linked to atrial fibrillation, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure. The epidemiology of these cardiovascular diseases is changing, however, due to changes in prevalence of obesity-related conditions and preventive measures. Recent population studies on incidence of atrial fibrillation, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure in patients with diabetes are needed.MethodsA dynamic longitudinal cohort study was performed using primary care databases of the Julius General Practitioners' Network. Diabetes status was determined at baseline (1 January 2014 or upon entering the cohort) and participants were followed-up for atrial fibrillation, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure until 1 February 2019. Age and sex-specific incidence and incidence rate ratios were calculated.ResultsMean follow-up was 4.2 years, 12,168 patients were included in the diabetes group, and 130,143 individuals in the background group. Incidence rate ratios, adjusted for age and sex, were 1.17 (95% confidence interval 1.06-1.30) for atrial fibrillation, 1.66 (1.55-1.83) for ischaemic heart disease, and 2.36 (2.10-2.64) for heart failure. Overall, incidence rate ratios were highest in the younger age categories, converging thereafter.ConclusionThere is a clear association between diabetes and incidence of the major chronic progressive heart diseases, notably with heart failure with a more than twice increased risk.
| S-EPMC8210360 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between lipoprotein(a) gene (LPA) polymorphisms and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Han Chinese. METHODS:A total of 148 patients were recruited (n?=?71 with CAVD and n?=?77 with CHD) based on a diagnosis achieved using color Doppler echocardiography, coronary angiography, or computed tomography angiography. Seventy-one control individuals without CAVD or CHD were also recruited. Biomarkers including levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, and apolipoprotein B were tested. LPA polymorphisms rs10455872, rs6415084, rs3798221, and rs7770628 were analyzed using SNaPshot SNP. RESULTS:Lp(a) levels were significantly higher in CAVD and CHD groups compared with controls. There was no significant difference in the allelic frequency distribution of rs3798221, rs7770628, or rs6415084 between CHD, CAVD, and control groups. Linear regression showed that rs3798221, rs7770628, and rs6415084 were associated with increased Lp(a) concentrations. Two CAVD patients among the 219 participants carried AG minor alleles at rs10455872, while the remainder carried AA minor alleles. CONCLUSION:rs3798221, rs6415084, and rs7770628 polymorphisms within LPA are associated with higher Lp(a) plasma levels, which correlate with increased CAVD and CHD risks.
| S-EPMC7645393 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Single-cell transcriptome sequencing of E14.5 mouse hearts from Adamts19 wild-type and Adamts19 knockout animals using Drop-seq.
2019-09-09 | GSE109247 | GEO
Project description:Despite advances in surgery support there are unmet needs for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) patients being at risk of perioperative ischemia. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is considered as adjuvant therapy, but its effects are still underexplored. Thus, we monitored transcriptomic responses from the RIPC procedure during and after cardiac surgery in a pilot study, comprising 34 samples and 10 for validation from patients. We systematically compared the response between CTRL and RIPC including individual effects and dynamics. We gratefully acknowledge the support from the study participants as part of the clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01067703). Different individual and time-resolved patterns were found for preconditioned patients (RIPC) comprising alternated cytokine, ribosomal and stress related genes. This was confirmed by a tailored method for ranking candidates by integrating variance and expression changes at once.
2017-09-01 | GSE58270 | GEO