Dataset Information

Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: systematic review of observational studies.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To evaluate the risk of chronic traumatic brain injury from amateur boxing.

Setting

Secondary research performed by combination of sport physicians and clinical academics. DESIGN, DATA SOURCES, AND METHODS: Systematic review of observational studies in which chronic traumatic brain injury was defined as any abnormality on clinical neurological examination, psychometric testing, neuroimaging studies, and electroencephalography. Studies were identified through database (1950 to date) and bibliographic searches without language restrictions. Two reviewers extracted study characteristics, quality, and data, with adherence to a protocol developed from a widely recommended method for systematic review of observational studies (MOOSE).

Results

36 papers had relevant extractable data (from a detailed evaluation of 93 studies of 943 identified from the initial search). Quality of evidence was generally poor. The best quality studies were those with a cohort design and those that used psychometric tests. These yielded the most negative results: only four of 17 (24%) better quality studies found any indication of chronic traumatic brain injury in a minority of boxers studied.

Conclusion

There is no strong evidence to associate chronic traumatic brain injury with amateur boxing.

SUBMITTER: Loosemore M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2034739 | biostudies-literature | 2007 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: systematic review of observational studies.

Loosemore Mike M Knowles Charles H CH Whyte Greg P GP

BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 20071004 7624

<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the risk of chronic traumatic brain injury from amateur boxing.<h4>Setting</h4>Secondary research performed by combination of sport physicians and clinical academics. DESIGN, DATA SOURCES, AND METHODS: Systematic review of observational studies in which chronic traumatic brain injury was defined as any abnormality on clinical neurological examination, psychometric testing, neuroimaging studies, and electroencephalography. Studies were identified through database (19 ...[more]

PMID: 17916811

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Project description:BackgroundIn traumatic brain injury (TBI), the appropriate timing and route of feeding, and the efficacy of immune-enhancing formulae have not been well established. We performed this meta-analysis aiming to compare the effects of different nutritional support modalities on clinical outcomes of TBI patients.MethodsWe systematically searched Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until October, 2012. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized prospective studies (NPSs) that compared the effects of different routes, timings, or formulae of feeding on outcomes in TBI patients were selected. The primary outcomes included mortality and poor outcome. The secondary outcomes included the length of hospital stay, the length of ventilation days, and the rate of infectious or feeding-related complications.Findings13 RCTs and 3 NPSs were included. The pooled data demonstrated that, compared with delayed feeding, early feeding was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of mortality (relative risk [RR]?=?0.35; 95% CI, 0.24-0.50), poor outcome (RR?=?0.70; 95% CI, 0.54-0.91), and infectious complications (RR?=?0.77; 95% CI, 0.59-0.99). Compared with enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition showed a slight trend of reduction in the rate of mortality (RR?=?0.61; 95% CI, 0.34-1.09), poor outcome (RR?=?0.73; 95% CI, 0.51-1.04), and infectious complications (RR?=?0.89; 95% CI, 0.66-1.22), whereas without statistical significances. The immune-enhancing formula was associated with a significant reduction in infection rate compared with the standard formula (RR?=?0.54; 95% CI, 0.35-0.82). Small-bowel feeding was found to be with a decreasing rate of pneumonia compared with nasogastric feeding (RR?=?0.41; 95% CI, 0.22-0.76).ConclusionAfter TBI, early initiation of nutrition is recommended. It appears that parenteral nutrition is superior to enteral nutrition in improving outcomes. Our results lend support to the use of small-bowel feeding and immune-enhancing formulae in reducing infectious complications.

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Project description:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating medical and emerging public health problem that is affecting people worldwide due to a multitude of factors including both domestic and war-related acts. The objective of this paper is to systematically review the status of TBI in Lebanon - a Middle Eastern country with a weak health system that was chartered by several wars and intermittent outbursts of violence - in order to identify the present gaps in knowledge, direct future research initiatives and to assist policy makers in planning progressive and rehabilitative policies.OVID/Medline, PubMed, Scopus databases and Google Scholar were lastly searched on April 15, 2016 to identify all published research studies on TBI in Lebanon. Studies published in English, Arabic or French that assessed Lebanese patients afflicted by TBI in Lebanon were warranting inclusion in this review. Case reports, reviews, biographies and abstracts were excluded. Throughout the whole review process, reviewers worked independently and in duplicate during study selection, data abstraction and methodological assessment using the Downs and Black Checklist.In total, 11 studies were recognized eligible as they assessed Lebanese patients afflicted by TBI on Lebanese soils. Considerable methodological variation was found among the identified studies. All studies, except for two that evaluated domestic causes such as falls, reported TBI due to war-related injuries. Age distribution of TBI victims revealed two peaks, young adults between 18 and 40 years, and older adults aged 60 years and above, where males constituted the majority. Only three studies reported rates of mild TBI. Mortality, rehabilitation and systemic injury rates were rarely reported and so were the complications involved; infections were an exception.Apparently, status of TBI in Lebanon suffers from several gaps which need to be bridged through implementing more basic, epidemiological, clinical and translational research in this field in the future.

Dataset Information

Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: systematic review of observational studies.

Objective

Setting

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: systematic review of observational studies.

Similar Datasets

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