Dataset Information

Can artificially selected phenotypes influence a component of field fitness? Thermal selection and fly performance under thermal extremes.

ABSTRACT: Artificially selected lines are widely used to investigate the genetic basis of quantitative traits and make inferences about evolutionary trajectories. Yet, the relevance of selected traits to field fitness is rarely tested. Here, we assess the relevance of thermal stress resistance artificially selected in the laboratory to one component of field fitness by investigating the likelihood of adult Drosophila melanogaster reaching food bait under different temperatures. Lines resistant to heat reached the bait more often than controls under hot and cold conditions, but less often at intermediate temperatures, suggesting a fitness cost of increased heat resistance but not at temperature extremes. Cold-resistant lines were more common at baits than controls under cold as well as hot field conditions, and there was no cost at intermediate temperatures. One of the replicate heat-resistant lines was caught less often than the others under hot conditions. Direct and correlated patterns of responses in laboratory tests did not fully predict the low performance of the heat selected lines at intermediate temperatures, nor the high performance of the cold selected lines under hot conditions. Therefore, lines selected artificially not only behaved partly as expected based on laboratory assays but also evolved patterns only evident in the field releases.

SUBMITTER: Kristensen TN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2093976 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:Understanding how polygenic traits evolve and respond to selection is a major unsolved problem, because challenges exist for identifying genes underlying a complex trait and understanding how multi-locus selection operates in the genome. Here we used artificial selection experiments to study polygenic response to selection. Inbred strains from seven independent long-term selection experiments in mice for extreme bodyweight (M-bM-^@M-^\HighM-bM-^@M-^] lines weigh 77-42g vs. 40-16g in M-bM-^@M-^\ControlsM-bM-^@M-^] lines), were genotyped at 527,572 SNPs to identify genetic variants controlling bodyweight. We identified 67 high-resolution parallel selected regions (PSRs) where multiple High lines share variants rarely found among the Controls. By comparing allele frequencies in one selection experiment against its unselected control, we found classical selective sweep signatures centered on the PSRs. Multiple lines of evidence support two G protein-coupled receptors GPR133 and Prlhr, as positional candidate genes controlling bodyweight. Artificial selection may mimic natural selection in the wild: compared to control loci, we detected reduced heterozygosity in PSRs in wild populations of unusually large mice on islands. Many PSRs overlap loci associated with human height variation, possibly through evolutionary conservation of functional pathways. Our data suggest that parallel selection on complex traits may evoke parallel responses at many genes involved in diverse but relevant pathways. These samples were used to test the enrichment of certain gene functional categories. Mouse tissue samples (muscle and liver) were collected from 44 and 45 days old males from each of the nine out of thirteen lines (5 High lines: BEHi, DUHi, EDHi, MUHi, ROHi and 4 Control lines: BELi, EDLi, MULi and ROLi; n=23 total) at the University of Edinburgh. Frozen tissue samples were stored at -80M-BM-:C until use. Tissues were dissociated using TissueLyser II with steel beads (both Qiagen) following manufacturersM-bM-^@M-^Y instructions. mRNA was extracted and purified using TRIzol Reagent and the PureLink RNA Mini Kit (Life Technologies GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). cDNA was synthesized using Maxima First Strand cDNA synthesis kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, St. Leon-Rot, Germany). Muscle and liver cDNA samples were hybridized on a Mouse GE 4x44k Microarray (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Waldbronn, Germany) according to manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys recommendations. Three technical replicate each was done on pooled cDNA samples from each mouse line.

Dataset Information

Can artificially selected phenotypes influence a component of field fitness? Thermal selection and fly performance under thermal extremes.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets