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Two forms of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Evidence for differential expression and enhancer specificity.

ABSTRACT: Two aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs), rtAhR2alpha and rtAhR2beta, were cloned from rainbow trout (rt) cDNA libraries. The distribution of sequence differences, genomic Southern blot analysis, and the presence of both transcripts in all individual rainbow trout examined suggest that the two forms of rtAhR2 are derived from separate genes. The two rtAhR2s have significant sequence similarity with AhRs cloned from mammalian species, especially in the basic helix-loop-helix and PAS functional domains located in the amino-terminal 400 amino acids of the protein. In contrast, the Gln-rich transactivation domain found in the carboxyl-terminal half of mammalian AhRs is absent from both rtAhR2s. Both clones were expressed by in vitro transcription/translation and proteins of approximately 125 kDa were produced. These proteins bind 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and are able to bind dioxin response elements in gel shift assays. rtAhR2alpha and rtAhR2beta are expressed in a tissue-specific manner with the highest expression of rtAhR2beta in the heart. Expression of rtAhR2alpha and rtAhR2beta mRNAs is positively regulated by TCDD. Both rtAhR2alpha and rtAhR2beta produced TCDD-dependent activation of a reporter gene driven by dioxin response elements. Surprisingly, the two receptors showed distinct preferences for different enhancer sequences. These results suggest that the two receptor forms may regulate different sets of genes, and may play different roles in the toxic responses produced by AhR agonists such as TCDD.

SUBMITTER: Abnet CC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2186364 | biostudies-literature | 1999 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Two forms of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Evidence for differential expression and enhancer specificity.

Abnet C C CC Tanguay R L RL Hahn M E ME Heideman W W Peterson R E RE

The Journal of biological chemistry 19990501 21

Two aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs), rtAhR2alpha and rtAhR2beta, were cloned from rainbow trout (rt) cDNA libraries. The distribution of sequence differences, genomic Southern blot analysis, and the presence of both transcripts in all individual rainbow trout examined suggest that the two forms of rtAhR2 are derived from separate genes. The two rtAhR2s have significant sequence similarity with AhRs cloned from mammalian species, especially in the basic helix-loop-helix and PAS functional domai ...[more]

PMID: 10329723

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Maternal transcripts are accumulated in the oocyte during oogenesis to provide for protein synthesis from oocyte maturation through early embryonic development, when nuclear transcription is silenced. The maternal mRNAs have short poly(A) tails after undergoing post-transcriptional processing necessary for stabilizing them for storage. The transcripts undergo cytoplasmic polyadenylation when they are to be translated. Transcriptome analyses comparing total mRNA and elongated poly(A) mRNA content among eggs of different quality can provide insight into molecular mechanisms affecting egg developmental competence in rainbow trout. The present study used RNA-seq to compare transcriptomes of unfertilized eggs of rainbow trout females yielding different eyeing rates, following rRNA removal and poly(A) retention for construction of the libraries. RESULTS:The percentage of embryos to reach the 32-cell stage at 24?h post fertilization was significantly correlated to family eyeing rate, indicating that inviable embryos were developmentally compromised before zygotic genome activation. RNA sequencing identified 2 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) from total mRNA sequencing comparing females with low-quality (<?5% eyeing), medium-quality (30-50% eyeing), and high-quality (>?80% eyeing) eggs. In contrast, RNA sequencing from poly(A) captured transcripts identified 945 DETs between low- and high-quality eggs, 1012 between low- and medium-quality eggs, and only 2 between medium- and high-quality eggs. The transcripts of mitochondrial genes were enriched with polyadenylated transcript sequencing and they were significantly reduced in low-quality eggs. Similarly, mitochondrial DNA was reduced in low-quality eggs compared with medium- and high-quality eggs. The functional gene analysis classified the 945 DETs between low- and high-quality eggs into 31 functional modules, many of which were related to ribosomal and mitochondrial functions. Other modules involved transcription, translation, cell division, apoptosis, and immune responses. CONCLUSIONS:Our results indicate that differences in egg quality may be derived from differences in maternal nuclear transcript activation and cytoplasmic polyadenylation before ovulation, as opposed to accumulation and storage of maternal nuclear transcripts during oogenesis. Transcriptome comparisons suggest low-quality eggs suffered from impaired oxidative phosphorylation and translation. The DETs identified in this study provide insight into developmental competence in rainbow trout eggs.

Project description:BackgroundGenetic maps characterizing the inheritance patterns of traits and markers have been developed for a wide range of species and used to study questions in biomedicine, agriculture, ecology and evolutionary biology. The status of rainbow trout genetic maps has progressed significantly over the last decade due to interest in this species in aquaculture and sport fisheries, and as a model research organism for studies related to carcinogenesis, toxicology, comparative immunology, disease ecology, physiology and nutrition. We constructed a second generation genetic map for rainbow trout using microsatellite markers to facilitate the identification of quantitative trait loci for traits affecting aquaculture production efficiency and the extraction of comparative information from the genome sequences of model fish species.ResultsA genetic map ordering 1124 microsatellite loci spanning a sex-averaged distance of 2927.10 cM (Kosambi) and having 2.6 cM resolution was constructed by genotyping 10 parents and 150 offspring from the National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture (NCCCWA) reference family mapping panel. Microsatellite markers, representing pairs of loci resulting from an evolutionarily recent whole genome duplication event, identified 180 duplicated regions within the rainbow trout genome. Microsatellites associated with genes through expressed sequence tags or bacterial artificial chromosomes produced comparative assignments with tetraodon, zebrafish, fugu, and medaka resulting in assignments of homology for 199 loci.ConclusionThe second generation NCCCWA genetic map provides an increased microsatellite marker density and quantifies differences in recombination rate between the sexes in outbred populations. It has the potential to integrate with cytogenetic and other physical maps, identifying paralogous regions of the rainbow trout genome arising from the evolutionarily recent genome duplication event, and anchoring a comparative map with the zebrafish, medaka, tetraodon, and fugu genomes. This resource will facilitate the identification of genes affecting traits of interest through fine mapping and positional cloning of candidate genes.

Dataset Information

Two forms of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Evidence for differential expression and enhancer specificity.

Publications

Two forms of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Evidence for differential expression and enhancer specificity.

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