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Release of sunflower seed dormancy by cyanide: cross-talk with ethylene signalling pathway.

ABSTRACT: Freshly harvested sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds are considered to be dormant because they fail to germinate at relatively low temperatures (10 degrees C). This dormancy results mainly from an embryo dormancy and disappears during dry storage. Although endogenous ethylene is known to be involved in sunflower seed alleviation of dormancy, little attention had been paid to the possible role of cyanide, which is produced by the conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid to ethylene, in this process. The aims of this work were to investigate whether exogenous cyanide could improve the germination of dormant sunflower seeds and to elucidate its putative mechanisms of action. Naked dormant seeds became able to germinate at 10 degrees C when they were incubated in the presence of 1 mM gaseous cyanide. Other respiratory inhibitors showed that this effect did not result from an activation of the pentose phosphate pathway or the cyanide-insensitive pathway. Cyanide stimulated germination of dormant seeds in the presence of inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis, but its improving effect required functional ethylene receptors. It did not significantly affect ethylene production and the expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis or in the first steps of ethylene signalling pathway. However, the expression of the transcription factor Ethylene Response Factor 1 (ERF1) was markedly stimulated in the presence of gaseous cyanide. It is proposed that the mode of action of cyanide in sunflower seed dormancy alleviation does not involve ethylene production and that ERF1 is a common component of the ethylene and cyanide signalling pathways.

SUBMITTER: Oracz K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2413275 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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affy_dormance_mrnaoxidized_sunflower-Molecular mechanisms of seed dormancy release: transcriptome evolution and ROS signalling during sunflower seed after-ripening.

Project description:affy_dormance_sunflower - affy_dormance_mrnaoxidized_sunflower - We focus our research on the release of embryonic dormancy in sunflower seeds and more precisely on the molecular mechanisms controlling seed dormancy release during dry after-ripening. Our data show an increase of ROS during dormancy release associated with an increase of stored mRNA oxidation during after-ripening as shown with determination of the RNA oxidation marker : 8-hydroxyguanosine (8OHG) To assess to role of mRNA oxidation in this process, we isolated 8OHG-containing mRNA to identify oxidized transcript using microarray analysis.-The samples compared are the following: 1) 8OHG containing mRNA isolated from total RNA extracted from a population of 100 embryonic axis of dry dormant seed (Dox) ie. Seed which have been frozen at -30°C after harvest to keep dormancy 2) 8OHG containing mRNA isolated from total RNA extracted from a population of 50 embryonic axis from dry non dormant ie. Seeds which have been after-ripened (stored) at 70% RH during 2 month (NDox) Replicates correspond to different batches of seeds from the same harvest, which have been treated (after ripened) independently and from which the 8OHG containing fraction have been isolated independently.

2011-07-20 | GSE23048 | GEO

affy_dormance_totalrna_sunflower-Molecular mechanisms of seed dormancy release: transcriptome evolution and ROS signalling during sunflower seed after-ripening.

Project description:affy_dormance_sunflower - affy_dormance_totalrna_sunflower - We focus our research on the release of embryonic dormancy in sunflower seeds and more precisely on the molecular mechanisms controlling seed dormancy release during dry after-ripening. Our data show an increase of ROS during dormancy release associated with an increase of stored mRNA oxidation during after-ripening as shown with determination of the RNA oxidation marker : 8-hydroxyguanosine (8OHG) To assess to role of mRNA oxidation in this process, we isolated 8OHG-containing mRNA to identify oxidized transcript using microarray analysis.-The samples compared are the following: 1) Population of 50 embryonic axis from dry dormant seed (D) ie. Seed which have been frozen at -30°C after harvest to keep dormancy 2) Population of 50 embryonic axis from dry non dormant ie. Seeds which have been after-ripened (stored) at 70% RH during 2 month. 3) Embryonic axis from dry dormant seed but after ripened at very low relative humidity (2% RH) (control of storage: S). Replicates correspond to different batches of seeds from the same harvest which have been treated (after ripened) independently. - We want to compare D vs ND; D vs S and ND vs S.

2011-07-20 | GSE23046 | GEO

affy_dormance_totalrna_sunflower-Molecular mechanisms of seed dormancy release: transcriptome evolution and ROS signalling during sunflower seed after-ripening.

2011-07-19 | E-GEOD-23046 | biostudies-arrayexpress

affy_dormance_mrnaoxidized_sunflower-Molecular mechanisms of seed dormancy release: transcriptome evolution and ROS signalling during sunflower seed after-ripening.

2011-07-19 | E-GEOD-23048 | biostudies-arrayexpress

affy_sunflower_2010_13-ROS and hormones in sunflower seed dormancy.

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affy_sunflower_2010_13-ROS and hormones in sunflower seed dormancy.

2013-08-01 | E-GEOD-44165 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The time of seed germination is a major decision point in the life of plants determining future growth and development. This timing is controlled by seed dormancy, which prevents germination under favourable conditions. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and the protein DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) are essential regulators of dormancy. The function of ABA in dormancy is rather well understood, but the role of DOG1 is still unknown. Here, we describe four phosphatases that interact with DOG1 in seeds. Two of them belong to clade A of type 2C protein phosphatases: ABA-HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION 1 (AHG1) and AHG3. These phosphatases have redundant but essential roles in the release of seed dormancy epistatic to DOG1. We propose that the ABA and DOG1 dormancy pathways converge at clade A of type 2C protein phosphatases.The DOG1 protein is a major regulator of seed dormancy in Arabidopsis. Here, Née et al. provide evidence that DOG1 can interact with the type 2C protein phosphatases AHG1 and AHG3 and that this represents the convergence point of the DOG1-regulated dormancy pathway and signalling by the plant hormone abscisic acid.

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affy_tour_2012-02-Study of sunflower seed dormancy by translatome analysis

Project description:affy_tour_2012-02 - Identification of transcripts that are addressed to traduction in imbibed seeds in relation with dormancy: comparison of the translatome in Dormant versus Non-Dormant seeds -- At harvest seeds are dormant. They stay dormant if they are stored at -20°C (D) and become non-dormant (ND) if they are stored 2 months at +20°C. Polysomal fractions were purified on sucrose gradients from sunflower axis isolated from dormant and non-dormant seeds imbibed at 10°C during 3h, 15h or 24h. - These fractions allow to identify the transcripts addressed to translation (translatome) during the seed imbibition process (3, 15 and 24h) - The translatome of 2 types of seeds are compared: Dormant vs Non-Dormant at the 3 time points.

2013-10-30 | GSE41944 | GEO

affy_tour_2012-02-Study of sunflower seed dormancy by translatome analysis

2013-10-30 | E-GEOD-41944 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Revisiting the Role of Ethylene and N-End Rule Pathway on Chilling-Induced Dormancy Release in Arabidopsis Seeds.

Project description:Dormant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds do not germinate easily at temperatures higher than 10⁻15 °C. Using mutants affected in ethylene signaling (etr1, ein2 and ein4) and in the N-end-rule pathway of the proteolysis (prt6 and ate1-ate2) we have investigated the effects of cold and ethylene on dormancy alleviation. Ethylene (10⁻100 ppm) and 2⁻4 days chilling (4 °C) strongly stimulate the germination of wild type (Col-0) seeds at 25 °C. Two to four days of chilling promote the germination at 25 °C of all the mutants suggesting that release of dormancy by cold did not require ethylene and did not require the N-end-rule pathway. One mutant (etr1) that did not respond to ethylene did not respond to GA₃ either. Mutants affected in the N-end rule (prt6 and ate1-ate2) did not respond to ethylene indicating that also this pathway is required for dormancy alleviation by ethylene; they germinated after chilling and in the presence of GA₃. Cold can activate the ethylene signaling pathway since it induced an accumulation of ETR1, EINI4, and EIN2 transcripts, the expression of which was not affected by ethylene and GA₃. Both cold followed by 10 h at 25 °C and ethylene downregulated the expression of PRT6, ATE1, ATE2, and of ABI5 involved in ABA signaling as compared to dormant seeds incubated at 25 °C. In opposite, the expression of RGA, GAI, and RGL2 encoding three DELLAs was induced at 4 °C but downregulated in the presence of ethylene.

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