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Pre-binding dynamic range and sensitivity enhancement for immuno-sensors using nanofluidic preconcentrator.

ABSTRACT: Almost all immuno-biosensors are inherently limited by the quality of antibodies available for the target molecule, and obtaining a highly sensitive antibody for a given target molecule is a challenge. We describe a highly efficient and flexible way to enhance immunoassay detection sensitivity and binding kinetics using a nanofluidic based electrokinetic preconcentrator. The device is a microfluidic integration of charge-based biomolecule concentrator and a bead-based immunoassay. Because the preconcentrator can increase the local biomolecule concentration by many orders of magnitude, it gives the immuno-sensor better sensitivity and faster binding kinetics. With a 30 min preconcentration, we were able to enhance the immunoassay sensitivity (with molecular background) by more than 500 fold from higher 50 pM to the sub 100 fM range. Moreover, by adjusting the preconcentration time, we can switch the detection range of the given bead-based assay (from 10-10 000 ng ml(-1) to 0.01-10 000 ng ml(-1)) to have a broader dynamic range of detection. As the system can enhance both detection sensitivity and dynamic range, it can be used to address the most critical detection issues in the detection of common disease biomarkers.

SUBMITTER: Wang YC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2440809 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pre-binding dynamic range and sensitivity enhancement for immuno-sensors using nanofluidic preconcentrator.

Wang Ying-Chih YC Han Jongyoon J

Lab on a chip 20080114 3

Almost all immuno-biosensors are inherently limited by the quality of antibodies available for the target molecule, and obtaining a highly sensitive antibody for a given target molecule is a challenge. We describe a highly efficient and flexible way to enhance immunoassay detection sensitivity and binding kinetics using a nanofluidic based electrokinetic preconcentrator. The device is a microfluidic integration of charge-based biomolecule concentrator and a bead-based immunoassay. Because the pr ...[more]

PMID: 18305855

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Project description:Wearable mechanical sensors have the potential to transform healthcare by enabling patient monitoring outside of the clinic. A critical challenge in the development of mechanical-e.g., strain-sensors is the combination of sensitivity, dynamic range, and robustness. This work describes a highly sensitive and robust wearable strain sensor composed of three layered materials: graphene, an ultrathin film of palladium, and highly plasticized PEDOT:PSS. The role of the graphene is to provide a conductive, manipulable substrate for the deposition of palladium. When deposited at low nominal thicknesses (~8 nm) palladium forms a rough, granular film which is highly piezoresistive (i.e., the resistance increases with strain with high sensitivity). The dynamic range of these graphene/palladium films, however, is poor, and can only be extended to ~10% before failure. This fragility renders the films incompatible with wearable applications on stretchable substrates. To improve the working range of graphene/palladium strain sensors, a layer of highly plasticized PEDOT:PSS is used as a stretchable conductive binder. That is, the conductive polymer provides an alternative pathway for electrical conduction upon cracking of the palladium film and the graphene. The result was a strain sensor that possessed good sensitivity at low strains (0.001% engineering strain) but with a working range up to 86%. The piezoresistive performance can be optimized in a wearable device by sandwiching the conductive composite between a soft PDMS layer in contact with the skin and a harder layer at the air interface. When attached to the skin of the torso, the patch-like strain sensors were capable of detecting heartbeat (small strain) and respiration (large strain) simultaneously. This demonstration highlights the ability of the sensor to measure low and high strains in a single interpolated signal, which could be useful in monitoring, for example, obstructive sleep apnea with an unobtrusive device.

Dataset Information

Pre-binding dynamic range and sensitivity enhancement for immuno-sensors using nanofluidic preconcentrator.

Publications

Pre-binding dynamic range and sensitivity enhancement for immuno-sensors using nanofluidic preconcentrator.

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