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Electrical conductance of hydrophobic membranes or what happens below the surface.

ABSTRACT: Nanoporous alumina membranes rendered hydrophobic by surface modification via covalent attachment of hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon chains conduct electricity via surface even when the pores are not filled with electrolyte. The resistance is many orders of magnitude higher than for electrolyte-filled membranes and does not depend on the electrolyte concentration or pH, but it does depend on the type of hydrophobic monolayer and its density. The corresponding surface resistance varies from greater than 10(18) Omega per square to less than 3 x 10(9) Omega per square. When the hydrophobic monolayer contains a small proportion of photoactive spiropyran that is insufficient to switch the surface to hydrophilic after spiropyran photoisomerization to the merocyanine form, the membrane resistance also becomes light-dependent with a reversible increase of surface resistance by as much as 15%. Surface conduction is ascribed to hydration and ionization of the alumina surface hydroxyls and the ionizable groups of the hydrophobic surface modifiers.

SUBMITTER: Vlassiouk I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2527752 | biostudies-literature | 2007 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Electrical conductance of hydrophobic membranes or what happens below the surface.

Vlassiouk Ivan I Rios Fabian F Vail Sean A SA Gust Devens D Smirnov Sergei S

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids 20070602 14

Nanoporous alumina membranes rendered hydrophobic by surface modification via covalent attachment of hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon chains conduct electricity via surface even when the pores are not filled with electrolyte. The resistance is many orders of magnitude higher than for electrolyte-filled membranes and does not depend on the electrolyte concentration or pH, but it does depend on the type of hydrophobic monolayer and its density. The corresponding surface resistance varies from greater t ...[more]

PMID: 17542624

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Project description:The development of next-generation transmembrane protein-based biosensors relies heavily on the use of black lipid membranes (BLMs); however, electrical, mechanical, and temporal instability of BLMs poses a limiting challenge to biosensor development. In this work, micrometer-sized glass apertures were modified with silanes of different chain length and fluorine composition, including 3-cyanopropyldimethychlorosilane (CPDCS), ethyldimethylchlorosilane (EDCS), n-octyldimethylchlorosilane (ODCS), (tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl)dimethylchlorosilane (PFDCS), or (heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl)dimethylchlorosilane (PFDDCS), to explore the effect of substrate surface energy on BLM stability. Low energy silane-modified surfaces promoted enhanced lipid-substrate interactions that facilitate the formation of low-leakage, stable BLMs. The surface energies of silane-modified substrates were 30 ± 3, 16 ± 1, 14 ± 2, 11 ± 1, and 7.1 ± 2 mJ m(-2) for CDCS, EDCS, ODCS, PFDCS, and PFDDCS, respectively. Decreased surface energy directly correlated to improved electrical, mechanical, and temporal BLM stability. Amphiphobic perfluorinated surface modifiers yielded superior performance compared to traditional hydrocarbon modifiers in terms of stability and BLM formation, with only marginal effects on BLM membrane permeability. Leakage currents obtained for PFDCS and PFDDCS BLMs were elevated only 10-30%, though PFDDCS modification yielded >5-fold increase in electrical stability as indicated by breakdown voltage (> 2000 mV vs 418 ± 73 mV), and >25-fold increase in mechanical stability as indicated by air-water transfers (> 50 vs 2 ± 0.2) when compared to previously reported CPDCS modification. Importantly, the dramatically improved membrane stabilities were achieved with no deleterious effects on reconstituted ion channel function, as evidenced by ?-hemolysin activity. Thus, this approach provides a simple, low cost, and broadly applicable alternative for BLM stabilization and should contribute significantly toward the development of next-generation ion-channel-functionalized biosensors.

Dataset Information

Electrical conductance of hydrophobic membranes or what happens below the surface.

Publications

Electrical conductance of hydrophobic membranes or what happens below the surface.

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