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Identification of genes and pathways associated with aluminum stress and tolerance using transcriptome profiling of wheat near-isogenic lines.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Aluminum is considered the most limiting factor for plant productivity in acidic soils, which cover large areas of the world's potential arable lands. The inhibition of root growth is recognized as the primary effect of Al toxicity. To identify genes associated with Al stress and tolerance, transcriptome analyses of four different wheat lines (2 Al-tolerant and 2 Al sensitive) that differ in their response to Al were performed. RESULTS: Microarray expression profiling revealed that 83 candidate genes are associated with Al stress and 25 are associated with tolerance. The stress-associated genes include important enzymes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase, alternative oxidase, and galactonolactone oxidase, ABC transporter and ascorbate oxido-reducatase. The Al tolerance-associated genes include the ALMT-1 malate transporter, glutathione S-transferase, germin/oxalate oxidase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, cysteine-rich proteins, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, cellulose synthase, zinc finger transcription factor, disease resistance response protein and F-box containing domain protein. CONCLUSION: In this survey, we identified stress- and tolerance-associated genes that may be involved in the detoxification of Al and reactive oxygen species. Alternative pathways could help maintain the supply of important metabolites (H2O2, ascorbate, NADH, and phosphate) needed for Al tolerance and root growth. The Al tolerance-associated genes may be key factors that regulate these pathways.

SUBMITTER: Houde M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2551624 | biostudies-literature | 2008

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of genes and pathways associated with aluminum stress and tolerance using transcriptome profiling of wheat near-isogenic lines.

Houde Mario M Diallo Amadou Oury AO

BMC genomics 20080827

<h4>Background</h4>Aluminum is considered the most limiting factor for plant productivity in acidic soils, which cover large areas of the world's potential arable lands. The inhibition of root growth is recognized as the primary effect of Al toxicity. To identify genes associated with Al stress and tolerance, transcriptome analyses of four different wheat lines (2 Al-tolerant and 2 Al sensitive) that differ in their response to Al were performed.<h4>Results</h4>Microarray expression profiling re ...[more]

PMID: 18752686

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Project description:Two winter wheat cultivars possessing a high tolerance to Al (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Atlas66 and the near isogenic line OK91G106, named Century-T in this work [59]) and two winter wheat cultivars with low tolerance to Al (T. aestivum L. cv. Bounty and the near isogenic line OK91G108, named Century-S in this work [59]) were grown as previously described, and treated under conditions where Al remains mostly under the Al3+ form [10]. To reduce pH variations and ensure that Al speciation was stable throughout the experiment, at least 100 ml of solution was used for each plant. The root growth inhibition (RGI) is expressed as 100 × [1- (root growth of Al-treated seedling divided by the root growth of control seedlings)]. Root tips (5-10 mm) were isolated after 24 hours of exposure to Al and frozen on dry ice. Total RNA was isolated from the root tips (5 mm long) of 50 plants collected from the various genotypes using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen). The RNA quality was assessed on agarose gels and with the Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent). Microarray profiling was performed according to Affymetrix protocols at the Functional Genomics Platform of the McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre using the Affymetrix GeneChip Wheat Genome Array. Plants of the different lines were treated with Al concentrations resulting in 50% RGI: 50 ?M for the tolerant cultivars Atlas66 and Century-T and 5 ?M for the sensitive cultivars Bounty and Century-S. Three biological replicates were used and the results were analyzed using the Robust Multiarray Analysis (RMA version 0.2) freeware. Atlas66 and Bounty plants not exposed to Al were used as control for all the other conditions. Genes showing a differential expression greater than two-fold (RMA differential expression of log2 ? 1) between the Atlas66 and Bounty controls were excluded from the reference set as these may represent cultivar dependent differences in basal expression levels that could bias the analysis. Overall, this excluded 1.26% of the genes on the microarray (773 of 55,052) demonstrating that most genes are expressed at a similar level between the two cultivars. The microarray headings are the following : For each array headings: The first term represents the cultivar: A = Atlas66; B = Bounty, 106 = Century-T, 108 = Century-S. The second twerm represents the Al concentration: 0 = no aluminum 5 = 5 ?M aluminum and 50 = 50 ?M aluminum. The last term represents the sample replicate number S1, S2 or S3.

Project description:Previous studies have shown that wheat grain yield is seriously affected by drought stress, and leaf cuticular wax is reportedly associated with drought tolerance. However, most studies have focused on cuticular wax biosynthesis and model species. The effects of cuticular wax on wheat drought tolerance have rarely been studied. The aims of the current study were to study the effects of leaf cuticular wax on wheat grain yield under drought stress using the above-mentioned wheat NILs and to discuss the possible physiological mechanism of cuticular wax on high grain yield under drought stress. Compared to water-irrigated (WI) conditions, the cuticular wax content (CWC) in glaucous and non-glaucous NILs under drought-stress (DS) conditions both increased; mean increase values were 151.1 and 114.4%, respectively, which was corroborated by scanning electronic microscopy images of large wax particles loaded on the surfaces of flag leaves. The average yield of glaucous NILs was higher than that of non-glaucous NILs under DS conditions in 2014 and 2015; mean values were 7368.37 kg·ha-1 and 7103.51 kg·ha-1. This suggested that glaucous NILs were more drought-tolerant than non-glaucous NILs (P = 0.05), which was supported by the findings of drought tolerance indices TOL and SSI in both years, the relatively high water potential and relative water content, and the low ELWL. Furthermore, the photosynthesis rate (Pn ) of glaucous and non-glaucous wheat NILs under DS conditions decreased by 7.5 and 9.8%, respectively; however, glaucous NILs still had higher mean values of Pn than those of non-glaucous NILs, which perhaps resulted in the higher yield of glaucous NILs. This could be explained by the fact that glaucous NILs had a smaller Fv/Fm reduction, a smaller PI reduction and a greater ABS/RC increase than non-glaucous NILs under DS conditions. This is the first report to show that wheat cuticular wax accumulation is associated with drought tolerance. Moreover, the leaf CWC can be an effective selection criterion in the development of drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.

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Dataset Information

Identification of genes and pathways associated with aluminum stress and tolerance using transcriptome profiling of wheat near-isogenic lines.

Publications

Identification of genes and pathways associated with aluminum stress and tolerance using transcriptome profiling of wheat near-isogenic lines.

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