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Diagnosis of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients by the metabolic syndrome: AHA vs. IDF definitions.

ABSTRACT: Subjects with the metabolic syndrome are accompanied by insulin resistance (IR). However, it is not clear how well the newly defined metabolic syndrome identifies IR specifically in hypertensive subjects.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of the metabolic syndrome, defined by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definitions, in identifying IR in hypertension.The analysis is a cross-sectional study. Totally, 228 hypertensive patients and 92 non-diabetic normotensive controls who received insulin suppressive tests for direct evaluation of their insulin sensitivity were included from the Stanford Asia and Pacific Program for Hypertension and IR. McNemar's tests were used to compare sensitivity and specificity of the AHA-defined with the IDF-defined metabolic syndrome in diagnosis of IR.The sensitivity of the metabolic syndrome for IR in hypertension was 89.7% and the specificity 45.9% by the AHA definition. Using the IDF definition, the sensitivity was 77.6%, and the specificity increased to 63.5%. The diagnostic power of individual components of the syndrome was also modest. The predictive discrimination of wider waist circumference was similar to that of the AHA-defined metabolic syndrome.Use of the metabolic syndrome by the AHA definition provided good sensitivity, but low specificity to diagnose IR in hypertension. The IDF definition improved in false-positive rate, but it was still not specific enough to identify IR in hypertension.

SUBMITTER: Hwu CM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2569973 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diagnosis of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients by the metabolic syndrome: AHA vs. IDF definitions.

Hwu C-M CM Hsiung C A CA Wu K-D KD Lee W-J WJ Shih K-C KC Grove J J Chen Y-D I YD Rodriguez B L BL Curb J D JD

International journal of clinical practice 20080628 9

<h4>Background</h4>Subjects with the metabolic syndrome are accompanied by insulin resistance (IR). However, it is not clear how well the newly defined metabolic syndrome identifies IR specifically in hypertensive subjects.<h4>Aims</h4>The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of the metabolic syndrome, defined by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definitions, in identifying IR in hypertension.<h4>Methods</h4>The analysis is a cro ...[more]

PMID: 18564200

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Project description:BackgroundCurrently, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has attracted widespread public attention. However, there is a war regarding the applicability of the diagnosis in different populations regarding the distinct criteria for the diagnosis of MS. Data about the prevalence rate of MS and its components in Jiangxi Province are limited. Thus, our goals were to compare the consistency rates and applicability of three criteria, i.e., those of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel? (ATP?), and the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS).MethodsFrom September 2013 to March 2014, 5959 residents (age?18 years) from Jiangxi Province were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling methods. The prevalence rate of MS and its components were calculated according to the IDF, ATP? and CDS criteria, and the protocols of the different criteria were measured in terms of consistency with the kappa statistic and Youden's index. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to explore the optimal cut-off points of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 50.52±13.92 years among the total of 5959 individuals (2451 male and 3508 female). The standardized prevalence rate of MS was 19.85%, 24.77% and 9.95% according to the IDF, ATP? and CDS criteria, respectively. The order of the prevalence rates of the different components of MS according to the IDF or ATP? criteria from high to low were as follows: elevated blood pressure, central obesity, reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. The most prevalent component of MS, according to the CDS criterion, was being overweight or obese, followed by elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. The Youden's index in IDF criterion was higher than which in CDS criterion (0.79 for IDF vs. 0.38 for CDS) referring to the ATP? criterion. The agreement between the IDF and ATP? criteria was good (kappa = 0.85), whereas the agreement of the CDS with the IDF and ATP? criteria was moderate (kappa = 0.46 and 0.46, respectively). The ability to predict MS risk factors clusters was superior when the BMI cut-off point was 24/24kg/m2 (male/female), and the WC cut-off point was 87/80cm (male/female). Among the 18~59 years old male group, BMI was superior to WC in predicting clusters of risk factors for MS; while in the 60 years and above male group and all-age female group, WC was superior to BMI.ConclusionOur results revealed that the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome among adults was high in Jiangxi Province. BMI and WC had different ability to predict clusters of risk factors for MS in different age groups and gender. Among the three criteria for MS, there was bigger difference in applicability for the adults of Jiangxi Province. The choice of the appropriate criteria should be based on the actual conditions of the site.

Dataset Information

Diagnosis of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients by the metabolic syndrome: AHA vs. IDF definitions.

Publications

Diagnosis of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients by the metabolic syndrome: AHA vs. IDF definitions.

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