Influenza A virus infections in land birds, People's Republic of China.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Peterson AT
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2609895 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:A virulent avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was isolated from 30-day-old broiler chickens that exhibited respiratory symptoms, nephropathologic lesions, and a high proportion of deaths in the People's Republic of China during 2005. The strain, designated YN, was genetically and pathologically characterized. Phylogenetic analysis showed that YN and most of the previously characterized IBV isolates found in China were phylogenetically classified into 2 main genetic clusters. The YN isolate caused severe lesions and resulted in deaths of 65% in experimental infections of 30-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. Tracheal and severe kidney lesions developed in all infected birds, confirming the ability of YN strain to induce both respiratory and renal disease. IBV antigens were detected by immunohistochemical analysis in the trachea, lung, kidney, and bursa, consistent with histopathologic observations, virus isolation, and reverse transcription PCR detection. We showed that YN IBV exhibits severe pathogenicity in chickens, and that similar viruses are prevalent in China.
| S-EPMC3557894 | biostudies-literature
Project description:An outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) occurred among students in Shenyang Pharmaceutical University in 2006. We conducted a study to characterize etiologic agents of the outbreaks and clarify the origin of hantaviruses causing infections in humans and laboratory animals. Immunoglobulin (Ig) M or IgG antibodies against Seoul virus (SEOV) were detected in the serum samples of all 8 patients. IgG antibodies against hantavirus were also identified in laboratory rats, which were used by these students for their scientific research. Phylogenetic analysis showed that partial small segment sequences recovered from humans, laboratory rats, and local wild rats belonged to SEOV. Hantavirus sequences recovered from humans and laboratory rats clustered within 1 of 3 lineages of SEOV circulating among local wild rats in Shenyang. These results suggest that the HFRS outbreak in Shenyang was caused by SEOV that was circulating among local wild rats and had also infected the laboratory rats.
| S-EPMC2662651 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3322066 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Tahyna virus (TAHV) is widely distributed in Europe and Asia. A previous study reported a high level of conservation of the TAHV genome in isolates from Europe. During 2006 and 2007, three Tahyna virus isolates from mosquitoes were obtained from various locations in Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. We analyzed the complete coding sequence of full-length small, medium, and large segments of these isolates. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the three complete TAHV genomes showed that sequence identity between isolates from China and Europe was more divergent, and an unexpected level of medium segment diversity was found among isolates from China compared with high levels of sequence conservation for the small and large segments. This study indicated that effects of genotypic diversity on the ecology, transmission, and pathogenicity of TAHV in China should be studied.
| S-EPMC3163863 | biostudies-other
Project description:Genotype 4 hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the dominant cause of hepatitis E in the People's Republic of China; swine are the principal reservoir. Our study was conducted in 8 rural communities of southern China, where families keep pigs near their homes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 23 of 24 concurrent virus isolates from this region are genotype 4 strains. Among the study populations, immunoglobulin G anti-HEV seroprevalence accumulated with age at approximately equal to 1% per year for persons < or =60 years of age. After age 30 years, seroprevalence increased at higher rates for male than for female study participants. The overall seroprevalence was 43% (range 25%-66%) among the communities. Infection rates were higher for participants between 25 and 29 years of age. The results suggest that HEV infection probably has been endemic in southern China for at least 60 years, with swine being the principal reservoir of human HEV infection in recent years.
| S-EPMC3372335 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A newly identified parvovirus, human bocavirus (HBoV), was found in 21 (8.3%) of 252 nasopharyngeal aspirates from hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infection in Hunan Province, People's Republic of China. Viral loads were 10(4) to 10(10) copies/mL. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene showed a single genetic lineage of HBoV worldwide.
| S-EPMC2725817 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A prospective surveillance program for influenza viruses was established in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) in July of 2005. We report isolation of H5N1 virus genetically distinct from H5N1 circulating in 2004, which indicates reintroduction of H5N1 into Lao PDR after its disappearance (i.e., no virologic or serologic evidence) for 2 years.
| S-EPMC3290961 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: HIV infection is an emerging problem in Laos. We conducted the first prospective study on intestinal parasites, including opportunistic protozoa, in newly diagnosed HIV infected patients, with or without diarrhea. The aims were to describe the spectrum of infections, to determine their prevalence and to assess their associations with diarrhea, CD4 cell count, place of residence and living conditions. METHODOLOGY: One to three stool samples over consecutive days were obtained from 137 patients. The Kato thick smear method, formalin-ethyl concentration and specific stains for coccidia and microsporidia diagnosis were performed on 260 stool samples. Baseline characteristics regarding relevant demographics, place of residence and living conditions, clinical features including diarrhea, were collected using a standardized questionnaire. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The 137 patients were young (median age: 36 years) and severely immunocompromised (83.9% at WHO stage 3 or 4, median CD4 cell count: 41/mm3). Diarrhea was present in 43.0% of patients. Parasite infection was found in 78.8% of patients, infection with at least two species in 49.6%. Prevalence rates of protozoan and helminth infections were similar (54.7% and 58.4% respectively). Blastocystis sp. was the most frequent protozoa (26.3%). Cryptosporidium sp., Cytoisospora belli and microsporidia, found at low prevalence rates (6.6%, 4.4%, 2.9%, respectively), were described for the first time in Laos. Cryptosporidium sp. was associated with persistent diarrhea. Strongyloides stercoralis was the most prevalent helminth following Opisthorchis viverrini (20.4% and 47.5% respectively). The most immunocompromised patients, as assessed by a CD4 count ≤ 50 cells/mm3, were more likely to be infected with intestinal parasites. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: HIV infection was mainly diagnosed at an advanced stage of immunosuppression in Lao patients. Intestinal parasite infections were highly prevalent regardless of their diarrheal status. Opportunistic infections were reported. Improving the laboratory diagnosis of intestinal parasite infections and the knowledge on their local risk factors is warranted.
| S-EPMC3963853 | biostudies-other
Project description:Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) (QH09) was isolated from dead wild birds (3 species) in Qinghai, China, during May-June 2009. Phylogenetic and antigenic analyses showed that QH09 was clearly distinguishable from classical clade 2.2 viruses and belonged to clade 2.3.2.
| S-EPMC3204760 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Seven Newcastle disease (ND) virus (NDV) isolates which were recovered from ND outbreaks in chicken and pigeon flocks in China and Taiwan between 1996 and 2000 were genotypically and pathotypically characterized. By phylogenetic analysis of the fusion protein genes, isolates Ch-A7/96, Ch/98-3, Ch/99, Ch/2000, and TW/2000 were placed into two novel subgenotypes, VIIc and VIId. Isolate Ch/98-1 was grouped into subgenotype VIb, while Ch-W6/96 was proven to be a mixture of isolates Ch-A7/96 and Ch/98-1. These isolates were pathotyped as viscerotropic velogenic for Ch/98-3, Ch/99, Ch/2000, and TW/2000; neurotropic velogenic for Ch-A7/96; and mesogenic for Ch/98-1. Three separate, comparative, genetic analyses of the F genes, including genetic distance measurement, phylogenetic tree analysis, and residue substitution analysis, were performed with our isolates and selected NDV strains from GenBank. Results showed that the close genetic similarity provided evidence for the epidemiological linkage between the outbreaks in China and Taiwan and that the 1990s outbreaks in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Europe constituted the fourth panzootic of ND. In combination with epidemiological analysis, an evolutionary model of the NDV strains, representative of the direction of transmission within the NDV strains, was proposed, and epidemiology of NDV transmission was evaluated with emphasis on molecular aspects. Finally, a cross-protective experiment indicated that at least one strain (Ch-A7/96) among our NDV isolates was an antigenic variant, responsible for recent outbreaks of ND in vaccinated chicken flocks.
| S-EPMC88381 | biostudies-literature