Dataset Information

Snail up-regulates proinflammatory mediators and inhibits differentiation in oral keratinocytes.

ABSTRACT: The transcriptional repressor Snail2 is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) relative to nonmalignant head and neck mucosal epithelium, and in locally recurrent relative to nonrecurrent HNSCCs. We investigated the mechanisms by which Snails might contribute to the pathogenesis of HNSCCs using cell biological and molecular analyses. Oral keratinocytes that expressed Snails acquired an enhanced ability to attract monocytes and to invade a dense interstitial collagen matrix. They were also found to up-regulate production of proinflammatory cytokines and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), which have previously been shown to correlate with malignancy. Induction of nuclear factor-kappaB transcriptional activity by Snails was weak and not sufficient to account for the elevated levels of COX2, interleukin (IL)-6, IL8, or CXCL1. In addition, expression of Snails in oral keratinocytes impaired desquamation in vitro and strongly repressed expression of both ELF3 and matriptase-1, which play important roles in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. Reexpression of matriptase-1 in Snail-expressing cells partially rescued desquamation. This implicates Snails as contributing to malignancy both at the early stages, by impeding terminal differentiation, and at later stages, when invasion and inflammation are important.

SUBMITTER: Lyons JG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2631428 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Snail up-regulates proinflammatory mediators and inhibits differentiation in oral keratinocytes.

Lyons J Guy JG Patel Vyomesh V Roue Naomi C NC Fok Sandra Y SY Soon Lilian L LL Halliday Gary M GM Gutkind J Silvio JS

Cancer research 20080601 12

The transcriptional repressor Snail2 is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) relative to nonmalignant head and neck mucosal epithelium, and in locally recurrent relative to nonrecurrent HNSCCs. We investigated the mechanisms by which Snails might contribute to the pathogenesis of HNSCCs using cell biological and molecular analyses. Oral keratinocytes that expressed Snails acquired an enhanced ability to attract monocytes and to invade a dense interstitial collagen matr ...[more]

PMID: 18559496

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Project description:Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks among the top ten most prevalent cancers worldwide. Like most head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), OSCC is highly inflammatory and aggressive. However, the signaling pathways triggering the activation of its inflammatory processes remain elusive. G protein-coupled receptor signaling regulates the inflammatory response and invasiveness of cancers, but it remains unclear whether G?12 is a critical player in the inflammatory cytokine pathway during the tumorigenesis of OSCC. This study was undertaken to determine the role of G?12 signaling in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines in their mediation of OSCC invasion. We found that both the transcription and protein levels of G?12 are up-regulated in OSCC tumors. The elevated G?12 expressions in OSCC patients also correlated with extra-capsular spread, an indicator of tumor invasiveness in HNSCCs. This clinical finding was supported by the studies of overexpression and RNAi knockdown of G?12 in OSCC cells, which demonstrated that G?12 promoted tumor cell migration and invasion. To understand how G?12 modulates OSCC invasiveness, we analyzed key biological processes in microarray data upon depletion of G?12 and found that cytokine- and other immune-related pathways were severely impaired. Importantly, the mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 proinflammatory cytokines in clinical samples were found to be significantly correlated with the increased G?12 levels, suggesting a potential role of G?12 in modulating the IL-6 and IL-8 expressions. Supporting this hypothesis, overexpression or RNAi knockdown of G?12 in OSCC cell lines both showed that G?12 positively regulated the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8. Finally, we demonstrated that the G?12 promotion of tumor cell invasiveness was suppressed by the neutralization of IL-6 and IL-8 in OSCC cells. Together, these findings suggest that G?12 drives OSCC invasion through the up-regulation of IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines.

Dataset Information

Snail up-regulates proinflammatory mediators and inhibits differentiation in oral keratinocytes.

Publications

Snail up-regulates proinflammatory mediators and inhibits differentiation in oral keratinocytes.

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